A5046710216- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- interferon and immune responses
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Blood disorders and treatments
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Respiratory viral infections research
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- RNA regulation and disease
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Washington University in St. Louis
2021-2024
Chang Gung University
2024
University of Iowa
2020-2023
National Taiwan University
2018-2021
Abstract A nasally delivered chimpanzee adenoviral-vectored severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S) is currently used in India (iNCOVACC). Here, we update this by creating ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-BA.5-S, which encodes a prefusion-stabilized BA.5 spike protein. Whereas serum neutralizing antibody responses induced monovalent or bivalent adenoviral vaccines were poor against the antigenically distant XBB.1.5 strain and insufficient to protect passive...
Although mRNA vaccines encoding the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prevent COVID-19, emergence new viral variants jeopardizes their efficacy. Here, we assessed immunogenicity and protective activity historical (mRNA-1273, designed for Wuhan-1 protein) or modified (mRNA-1273.351, B.1.351 Moderna in 129S2 K18-hACE2 mice. Mice were immunized with either high-dose low-dose formulations vaccines, where vaccination modeled suboptimal immune responses....
ABSTRACT The B.1.1.529 Omicron variant jeopardizes vaccines designed with early pandemic spike antigens. Here, we evaluated in mice the protective activity of Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine against before or after boosting preclinical mRNA-1273.529, an Omicron-matched vaccine. Whereas two doses induced high levels serum neutralizing antibodies historical WA1/2020 strains, were lower and associated infection inflammation lung. A primary vaccination series mRNA-1273.529 potently neutralized but...
ABSTRACT We previously described a nasally delivered monovalent adenoviral-vectored SARS- CoV-2 vaccine (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S, targeting Wuhan-1 spike [S]; iNCOVACC®) that is currently used in India as primary or booster immunization. Here, we updated the mucosal for Omicron variants by creating ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-BA.5-S, which encodes pre- fusion and surface-stabilized S protein of BA.5 strain, then tested bivalent vaccines efficacy against circulating including BQ.1.1 XBB.1.5. Whereas...
ABSTRACT Immune imprinting is a phenomenon in which an individual’s prior antigenic experiences influence responses to subsequent infection or vaccination. Here, using antibody depletion and multiplexed spike-binding assays, we characterized the type-specificity cross-reactivity of serum after mRNA vaccination mice human clinical trial participants. In mice, single priming dose preclinical version mRNA-1273 vaccine encoding Wuhan-1 spike minimally imprinted elicited by Omicron boosters,...
Signaling through retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLRs) is tightly regulated, with activation occurring upon sensing of viral nucleic acids, and suppression mediated by negative regulators. Under homeostatic conditions aberrant melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5 (MDA5) prevented editing endogenous dsRNA RNA enzyme Adenosine Deaminase Acting on (ADAR1). In addition, ADAR1 postulated to play pro-viral antiviral roles during infections that are dependent or...
It is well documented that influenza A viruses selectively package 8 distinct viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs) into each virion; however, the role of host factors in genome assembly not completely understood. To evaluate significance cellular assembly, we generated a reporter virus carrying tetracysteine tag NP gene (NP-Tc virus) and assessed dynamics vRNP localization with components by fluorescence microscopy. At early time points, were preferentially exported to MTOC;...
SUMMARY Although mRNA vaccines prevent COVID-19, variants jeopardize their efficacy as immunity wanes. Here, we assessed the immunogenicity and protective activity of historical (mRNA-1273, designed for Wuhan-1 spike) or modified (mRNA-1273.351, B.1.351 preclinical Moderna in 129S2 K18-hACE2 mice. Immunization with high low dose formulations induced neutralizing antibodies serum against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 several variants, although levels were lower particularly B.1.617.2 (Delta) virus....
Individuals with primary antibody deficiency (PAD) syndromes have poor humoral immune responses requiring immunoglobulin replacement therapy. We followed individuals PAD after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination by evaluating their products and serum for anti-spike binding, Fcγ receptor (FcγR) neutralizing activities. The tested low receptor-binding domain (RBD) titers activity. In disease 2019 (COVID-19)-naive PAD, RBD increase mRNA but wane 90 days....
Immunoglobulin (IG) replacement products are used routinely in patients with immune deficiency and other dysregulation disorders, who have poor responses to vaccination require passive immunity conferred by commercial antibody products. The binding, neutralizing, protective activity of intravenously administered immunoglobulin against SARS-CoV-2 emerging variants remains unknown. Here, we tested 198 different IG manufactured from December 2019 August 2022. We show that pre-pandemic had no...
Although vaccines have reduced the burden of COVID-19, their efficacy in helminth infection–endemic areas is not well characterized. We evaluated impact infection by Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri (Hpb), a murine intestinal roundworm, on an mRNA vaccine targeting Wuhan-1 spike protein severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mice. immunization generated similar B cell responses Hpb-infected and uninfected mice, polyfunctional CD4 + CD8 T were markedly mRNA-vaccinated...
Boosting with mRNA vaccines encoding variant-matched spike proteins has been implemented to mitigate their reduced efficacy against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Nonetheless, in humans, it remains unclear whether boosting the ipsilateral or contralateral arm respect priming doses impacts immunity and protection. Here, we boosted K18-hACE2 mice either monovalent mRNA-1273 (Wuhan-1 spike) bivalent mRNA-1273.214 + BA.1 vaccine leg after a two-dose series mRNA-1273. elicited equivalent levels of...
Background Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have proven effective in eliciting a protective immune response healthy individuals, their ability to induce durable immunocompromised individuals remains poorly understood. Primary antibody deficiency (PAD) syndromes are among the most common primary immunodeficiency disorders adults and characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia impaired mount robust responses following infection or vaccination. Methods Here, we present an analysis of both B T cell...
Although vaccines have reduced COVID-19 disease burden, their efficacy in helminth infection endemic areas is not well characterized. We evaluated the impact of by
Abstract Signaling through retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLRs) is tightly regulated, with activation occurring upon sensing of viral nucleic acids, and suppression mediated by negative regulators. Under homeostatic conditions aberrant melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5 (MDA5) prevented editing endogenous dsRNA RNA enzyme Adenosine Deaminase Acting on (ADAR1). In addition, ADAR1 postulated to play proviral antiviral roles during infections that are...