A5077431761- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Whipple's Disease and Interleukins
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2017-2024
AID Atlanta
2024
University of South Carolina
2024
American Academy of Dermatology
2022-2023
Medical University of South Carolina
2022-2023
UConn Health
2022-2023
CDC Foundation
2022-2023
Marshfield Clinic
2022
Oshkosh (United States)
2022
University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh
2022
Measles is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable disease that requires high population immunity for transmission to be interrupted. All six World Health Organization regions have committed eliminating measles; however, no region has achieved and sustained measles elimination. This report describes elimination progress during 2000-2022. During 2000-2019, estimated coverage worldwide with the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) increased from 72% 86%, then declined 81% in 2021...
Importance As self-collected home antigen tests become widely available, a better understanding of their performance during the course SARS-CoV-2 infection is needed. Objective To evaluate diagnostic compared with reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and viral culture by days from illness onset, as well user acceptability. Design, Setting, Participants This prospective cohort study was conducted January to May 2021 in San Diego County, California, metropolitan Denver,...
Measles vaccination effectively prevents measles, a highly contagious disease that can cause severe complications and death requires high population immunity to interrupt transmission. This report describes measles elimination progress during 2000-2023. During 2000-2023, an estimated 60.3 million deaths were averted by vaccination. However, despite commitment from all six World Health Organization regions eliminate no region has successfully achieved maintained as of the end 2023. COVID-19...
In 2015, all 22 World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) countries and areas (countries) pledged to achieve measles elimination by 2020.Despite success in several countries, most the region still have not eliminated measles.This report updates a previous describes progress toward EMR during 2019-2022.During that period, estimated regional coverage with first second doses of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) was 82%-83% 76%-78%, respectively.During 2019-2022, approximately...
Human infection by orthopoxviruses is being reported with increasing frequency, attributed in part to the cessation of smallpox vaccination and concomitant waning population-level immunity. In July 2015, a female resident interior Alaska presented an urgent care clinic dermal lesion consistent poxvirus infection. Laboratory testing virus isolated from confirmed Orthopoxvirus.The isolate was characterized using electron microscopy nucleic acid sequencing. An epidemiologic investigation that...
Repeating the BinaxNOW antigen test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 using groups of readers within 30 minutes resulted in high concordance (98.9%) 2110 encounters. Same-day repeat testing did not significantly improve sensitivity (77.2% to 81.4%) while specificity remained (99.6%).
Abstract We assessed the relationship between antigen and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) test positivity successful virus isolation. found that results were more predictive of recovery than RT-PCR results. However, was isolated from some antigen-negative RT-PCR‒positive paired specimens, providing support for Centers Disease Control Prevention testing algorithm.
Abstract Using multipathogen PCR testing, we identified 195 students with adenovirus type 4 infections on a university campus in South Carolina, USA, during January–May 2022. We co-detected other respiratory viruses 43 (22%) students. Continued surveillance of circulating is needed to prevent virus infection outbreaks congregate communities.
Abstract Background Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) can cause outbreaks of flu-like illness in university settings. Most infections healthy young adults are mild; severe illnesses rarely occur. In Fall 2022, an adenovirus outbreak was identified students. Methods HAdV cases were defined as students 17–26 years old who presented to the University Health Service or nearby emergency department with symptoms (eg, fever, cough, headache, myalgia, nausea) and had confirmed by polymerase chain reaction...
Hospitalization of patients during outbreaks chikungunya virus has been reported to be uncommon (0.5-8.7%), but more frequent among infants and the elderly. CHIKV was first detected in Puerto Rico May 2014. We enrolled with acute febrile illness (AFI) presenting two hospital emergency departments tested them for infection describe frequency detection CHIKV-infected patients, identify risk factors hospitalization, severe manifestations.Serum specimens were collected from AFI by rRT-PCR....
Pakistan and Afghanistan are the only countries where wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) is endemic (1,2). In 2019, reported 147 WPV1 cases, approximately 12 times number in 2018. As of September 15, 72 cases had been 2020. Since transmission has also spread from Pakistan's core reservoirs (Karachi, Peshawar, Quetta block) to southern districts Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Punjab, Sindh provinces. Further, an outbreak circulating vaccine-derived 2 (cVDPV2), first detected July caused 22 paralytic...
In Spring 2021, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.7 (Alpha) became the predominant variant in United States. Research suggests that Alpha has increased transmissibility compared with non-Alpha lineages. We estimated household secondary infection risk (SIR), assessed characteristics associated transmission, and symptoms of persons infections.We followed households SARS-CoV-2 for weeks San Diego County metropolitan Denver, January to April 2021. collected...
Afghanistan and Pakistan are the only countries that continue to confirm ongoing wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) transmission (1). During January 2018-September 2019 number of WPV1 cases in increased, compared with during previous 4 years. This report updates reports on Pakistan's polio eradication activities, progress, challenges (2,3). In 2018, reported 12 cases, a 50% increase from eight 2017, 31% proportion WPV1-positive sites under environmental surveillance (i.e., sampling sewage detect...
Performance characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 antigen tests among children are limited despite the need for point-of-care testing in school and childcare settings. We describe seeking at a community site compare test performance to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) viral culture.Two anterior nasal specimens were self-collected BinaxNOW RT-PCR testing, along with demographics, symptoms, exposure information from individuals ≥5 years site. Viral culture was...
In 1988, the World Health Assembly launched Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Among three wild poliovirus serotypes, only (WPV) type 1 (WPV1) has been detected since 2012. Since 2014, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria remain countries with continuing endemic WPV1 transmission. This report describes activities conducted progress made toward eradication of in Pakistan during January 2016-July 2017 provides an update to previous reports (1,2). 2016, reported 20 cases, a 63% decrease...
Rapid early detection and control of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is contingent on accurate case definitions. Using an epidemic surveillance dataset from Guinea, we analyzed EVD definition developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) used in Guinea. We (March-October 2014; n = 2,847 persons) to identify patients who satisfied or did not satisfy criteria. Laboratory confirmation determined cases noncases, calculated sensitivity, specificity predictive values. The sensitivity defintion was...
Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria remain the only countries where endemic wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) transmission continues. This report describes activities, challenges, progress toward polio eradication in Pakistan during January 2015-September 2016 updates previous reports (1,2). In 2015, a total of 54 WPV1 cases were reported an 82% decrease from 2014. 2016, 15 had been as November 1, representing 61% compared with 38 same period 2015 (Figure 1). Among children aged <36 months...
While risk of fomite transmission SARS-CoV-2 is considered low, there limited environmental data within households. This January-April 2021 investigation describes frequency and types surfaces positive for by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) among residences with ≥1 infection, associations household characteristics surface RT-PCR viable virus positivity. Of 1232 samples from 124 households, 27.8% (n = 342) were nightstands (44.1%) pillows (40.9%) most...
Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks occurred at universities during Fall 2020, but little is known about risk factors for campus-associated infections or immunity provided by anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in young adults.
In 2019, Indonesia and the other countries in World Health Organization South-East Asia Region adopted goal of measles rubella elimination by 2023. This report describes Indonesia's progress toward during 2013-2022. During this period, coverage with a first dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV) decreased from 87% to 84%, second MCV 76% 67%. After was introduced 2017, rubella-containing increased approximately fivefold, 15% 2017 84% 2022. 2013-2021, annual reported incidence 95%, 33.2 1.4...
Among the three wild poliovirus (WPV) serotypes, only WPV type 1 (WPV1) has been reported in polio cases or detected from environmental surveillance globally since 2012. Pakistan remains one of countries worldwide (the others are Afghanistan and Nigeria) that never had interrupted WPV1 transmission. This report documents Pakistan's activities progress toward eradication during January 2017-September 2018 updates previous reports (1,2). In 2017, eight cases, a 60% decrease 20 2016. As...
We describe a burn patient who developed skin lesions on her skin-graft harvest and recipient (burn) sites. Orf virus infection was confirmed by combination of diagnostic assays, including molecular tests, immunohistochemical analysis, pathologic electron microscopy. DNA sequence analysis grouped this orf isolate among isolates from India. Although no definitive source determined case, is the first reported case in graft harvest. Skin recipients with exposures to animals may be at risk for...