Significance Leptin (LEP), produced and acting in the hippocampus, mediates enhancement by mild exercise (ME) of hippocampus-related memory neurogenesis, which are further increased an antioxidant carotenoid, astaxanthin (AX). Both facilitated administration ME or AX alone. The up-regulation LEP gene protein expression hippocampus is elevated when combined with AX. Consistently, interventions hippocampal protein. In LEP-deficient ob/ob mice, replacement brain restored ability ME+AX to...

High-intensity intermittent (or interval) training (HIIT) has started to gain popularity as a time-effective approach providing beneficial effects the brain and peripheral organs. However, it still remains uncertain whether HIIT enhances hippocampal functions in terms of neurogenesis spatial memory due unconsidered protocol for rodents. Here, we established regimen rats with reference human study. Adult male Wistar were assigned randomly Control, moderate-intensity continuous (MICT; 20...

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) controls psychomotor activity and is an efficient therapeutic deep brain stimulation target in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Despite evidence indicating position-dependent effects distinct functions within the STN, input circuit cellular profile STN remain largely unclear. Using neuroanatomical techniques, we construct a comprehensive connectivity map of indirect hyperdirect pathways mouse STN. Our circuit- cellular-level connectivities reveal...

There is a growing necessity for efficacious natural supplements with antioxidant effects on the brain, in particular, hippocampal function. One such compound, which also has neuroprotective effect, carotenoid astaxanthin (ASX). Despite ASX's potential benefit to very little known about its effect plasticity and cognition. Thus, we investigated of ASX adult neurogenesis (AHN) spatial memory using mouse model.Dose-response was examined mice fed ASX-supplemented diets (0, 0.02, 0.1, 0.5%)...

Memories are thought to be encoded in populations of neurons called memory trace or engram cells. However, little is known about the dynamics these cells because difficulty real-time monitoring them over long periods time vivo. To overcome this limitation, we present a genetically RNA indicator (GERI) mouse for intravital chronic imaging endogenous Arc messenger (mRNA)—a popular marker We used our GERI identify -positive real without delay associated with reporter protein expression...

Introduction Exercise is vital in preventing and treating obesity. Despite its importance, the understanding of how exercise influences childhood obesity at biochemical level limited. In this study, we explore effects a 16-week program (EP) on body composition, physical fitness, blood levels hormones related to Methods Sixteen boys with (n = 16) seventeen without 17) took part an EP comprising sports games aerobic resistance exercises. We examined alterations composition fitness. addition,...

Exercise and antioxidants have health benefits that improve cognitive impairment may act synergistically. In this study, we examined the effects of treadmill exercise (TE) mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ), individually or combined, on learning memory, mitochondrial dynamics, NADPH oxidase activity, neuroinflammation activity in hippocampus D-galactose-induced aging rats. TE alone combined with MitoQ rats reduced fission factors (Drp1, Fis1) increased fusion (Mfn1, Mfn2,...

Childhood obesity can lead to adulthood with adverse effects. Since body composition and physical fitness differ depending on the degree, a systemic analysis could help classify that degree. We used three study designs based degree (body mass index [BMI] as reference) for our objectives. First, we identified relationship between fitness. Second, determined effects of exercise Third, performed path impact fitness, verified those among groups. In 1, 164 10-year-old subjects were divided into...

We analyzed the effects of a regular training program on health- and skill-related physical fitness (PF) talented soccer players aged < 12 years; visual reaction time (VRT) auditory (ART) were also assessed. In this single-group interventional study, 78 male youth (mean age, 9.54 years) critically selected by Korean Educational Development Institute underwent 22-week consisting 16 weeks PF basic skill (90 min/week) 6 intensive (3, 150-min sessions/week). assessed pre- post-training body...

Abstract The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing among the elderly, and new lifestyle-based treatment strategies are warranted. We conducted a randomized, double-blind controlled trial effects aquatic exercise (AE) and/or consumption burdock root extract (BE) on body composition serum sex hormones, i.e., testosterone, estradiol, hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) in elderly women with MS. percentage abdominal fat was decreased AE group....

Exercise becomes a stress when performed at an intensity above the lactate threshold (LT) because that point plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), marker of response, increases. It is possible exercise-induced ACTH response regulated least by arginine vasopressin (AVP) and possibly corticotropin-releasing (CRH), but this remains unclear. To clarify involvement these factors, it useful to intervene pharmacologically in regulatory mechanisms, with physiologically acceptable exercise...

Among potent dietary supplements, Momordica charantia , commonly called bitter melon, has various biological effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory improves energy metabolism fatigue recovery. However, it is unknown whether extract (MCE) induces antifatigue effects during exercise training in high-temperature environments. This study aimed at investigating the efficacy of MCE by examining 10 male tennis players consuming 100 mL MCE/dose (6 times a day over 4 weeks) summer season....

Body composition and muscular strength are important for baseball skills successful performance. Conditioning training programs have the potential to enhance athletic performance via physiological changes. In this single-group interventional study, we investigated effect of 8 weeks Pilates (PT) on contralateral regional body composition, isokinetic in knee trunk flexion/extension adolescent players. our results, PT increased both right- left-sided lean mass trunk. Following PT, work per...

Naturally occurring astaxantin (ASX) is one of the noticeable carotenoid and dietary supplement, which has strong antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties, neuroprotective effects in brain through crossing blood–brain barrier. Specially, we are interested role ASX as a food. Although been suggested to have potential benefit function, underlying molecular mechanisms events mediating such effect remain unknown. Here examined factors hippocampus adult mouse fed diets (0.1% 0.5% doses) using DNA...

Functional foods are thought to strongly influence the structure and function of brain. Previous studies have reported that brain-boosting diets may enhance neuroprotective functions. Certain particularly rich in nutrients like phytochemicals known support brain plasticity; such commonly referred as foods. In this review, we briefly explore scientific evidence supporting activity a number with focus on phenols polyunsaturated fatty acids flavonoid, olive oil, omega-3 acid. The aim study was...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 16-week exercise program on insulin, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and glucose levels. assess whether regular physical activity could improve sensitivity reduce metabolic risk, particularly in children with obesity.METHODS: Thirty-three elementary school students aged 11-12 years were recruited, 16 whom classified as having normal weight 17 obesity, based body mass index percentiles. The participants engaged...

Increased strain of the iliotibial band (ITB) is a key factor ITBS aggravation. There are several internal risk factors contributing to increased ITB strain; gender (female), knee malalignment (genu varum > genu valgus), deteriorated muscle strength and/or activation. However, running biomechanics as an inciting movement should be included in clarification mechanism. The purpose this study was clarify change during and identify differences activity between runners with or without varum. A...

This study investigated the effects of a drink supplement containing Momordica charantia extract from bitter melon on physical fitness and levels stress hormones during four-week exercise training program in hot environment. Ten male tennis players were orally administrated (100 ml, 6 times day), pre- post-supplementation different variables cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone plasma measured at four time-points-before (baseline), during, after exercise, next day supplementation. The...