A5051228915- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Bartonella species infections research
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Microbial Inactivation Methods
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
Iowa State University
2022
Human Longevity (United States)
2017-2020
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1998-2014
National Center for Infectious Diseases
1992-2005
Meningitis Now
1993-2003
Florida Department of Health
2002
School District of Palm Beach County
2001
Ministry of Health
2000
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
1999
Arizona Department of Health Services
1999
Before the introduction of conjugate vaccines, Haemophilus influenzae type b was major cause bacterial meningitis in United States, and primarily a disease infants young children. We describe epidemiologic features five years after H. vaccines were licensed for routine immunization infants.
Abstract From October 4 to November 2, 2001, the first 10 confirmed cases of inhalational anthrax caused by intentional release Bacillus anthracis were identified in United States. Epidemiologic investigation indicated that outbreak, District Columbia, Florida, New Jersey, and York, resulted from delivery B. spores through mailed letters or packages. We describe clinical presentation course these bioterrorism-related anthrax. The median age patients was 56 years (range 43 73 years), 70%...
In October 2001, the first inhalational anthrax case in United States since 1976 was identified a media company worker Florida. A national investigation initiated to identify additional cases and determine possible exposures Bacillus anthracis. Surveillance enhanced through health-care facilities, laboratories, other means cases, which were defined as clinically compatible illness with laboratory-confirmed B. anthracis infection. From 4 November 20, 22 of (11 inhalational, 11 cutaneous)...
Although cat scratch disease is commonly diagnosed in patients who have unexplained regional lymphadenopathy after encounters with cats, its epidemiology and the risk factors for are not clearly defined, there no generally accepted diagnostic test.
We conducted prospective, active population-based surveillance for candidemia (defined as any Candida species isolated from blood) in Atlanta and San Francisco (total population, 5.34 million) during 1992–1993. The average annual incidence of at both sites was 8 per 100,000 population. highest (75 100,000) occurred among infants ⩽1 year old. In 19% patients, developed prior to or on the day admission. Underlying medical conditions included cancer (26%), abdominal surgery (14%), diabetes...
New meningococcal vaccines are undergoing clinical trials, and changes in the epidemiologic features of disease will affect their use. Active laboratory-based, population-based US surveillance for during 1992–1996 was used to project that 2400 cases occurred annually. Incidence highest infants; however, 32% persons ⩾30 years age. Serogroup C caused 35% cases; serogroup B, 32%; Y, 26%. Increasing age (relative risk [RR], 1.01 per year), having an isolate obtained from blood (RR, 4.5), 1.6)...
In October 1995, epidemic "hemorrhagic fever," without jaundice or renal manifestations, was reported in rural Nicaragua following heavy flooding; 2259 residents were evaluated for nonmalarial febrile illnesses (cumulative incidence, 6.1%) and 15 (0.7%) died with pulmonary hemorrhage. A case-control study found that case-patients more likely than controls to have ever walked creeks (matched odds ratio [MOR], 15.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-132.3), household rodents (MOR, 10.4; CI,...
ContextMeningococcal disease occurs worldwide, and serogroup B accounts for a large proportion of cases. Although persons younger than 4 years are at greatest risk meningococcal disease, vaccine efficacy has not been demonstrated in this age group.ObjectiveTo evaluate serum bactericidal activity (SBA) against homologous type strains heterologous Chilean epidemic strain Neisseria meningitidis as potential correlate efficacy.DesignDouble-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted between...
Current knowledge of the epidemiology cat scratch disease is based primarily on information from case series. We used three national databases to obtain more representative data determine incidence and demographics disease.Records coded with diagnosis two hospital discharge an ambulatory care database were analyzed. Costs diagnostic tests hospitalization obtained a sample providers published data.The patients discharged hospitals was between 0.77 0.86 per 100,000 population year. Fifty-five...
We investigated an outbreak of leptospirosis among athletes and community residents after a triathlon was held in Springfield, Illinois. A telephone survey conducted to collect clinical information data on possible risk factors, surveillance established, animal specimens lake water samples were collected determine the source leptospiral contamination. total 834 876 triathletes contacted; 98 (12%) reported being ill. Serum obtained from 474 tested; 52 these (11%) tested positive for...
Adventure travel is becoming more popular, increasing the likelihood of contact with unusual pathogens. We investigated an outbreak leptospirosis in "Eco-Challenge" multisport race athletes to determine illness etiology and implement public health measures. Of 304 athletes, we contacted 189 (62%) from United States 26 other countries. Eighty (42%) met our case definition. Twenty-nine (36%) case-patients were hospitalized; none died. Logistic regression showed swimming Segama River (relative...
ABSTRACT Four rapid tests for the serologic diagnosis of leptospirosis were evaluated, and performance each was compared with that current standard, microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The four a microplate immunoglobulin M (IgM)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), an indirect hemagglutination (IHA), IgM dipstick (LDS), dot-ELISA (DST). A panel 276 sera from 133 cases different geographic locations tested as well 642 normal individuals or other infectious autoimmune diseases....
Background. Since 1992 the US Pacific Northwest has experienced a substantial increase in incidence of serogroup B meningococcal disease. The current polysaccharide vaccine is poorly immunogenic young children and does not protect against N. meningitidis B. Defining alternative approaches to prevention control disease considerable public health importance. Methods. We performed case-control study comparing 129 patients Oregon southwest Washington with 274 age- area-matched controls. used...
Surveillance for coccidioidomycosis (CM) and a case-control study risk factors among adults were conducted in Kern County, California. From January 1995 through December 1996, 905 cases of CM identified, an annual incidence 86 per 100,000 population. A total 380 enrolled the study: 77 had severe pulmonary disease, 33 disseminated 270 control patients mild disease. Independent disease included diabetes, recent history cigarette smoking, income <$15,000 year, older age. Oral antifungal therapy...
Menstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS) emerged as a public health threat to women of reproductive age in 1979 80. We reviewed surveillance data for the period 1996, when 5,296 cases were reported, and discuss changes epidemiologic features TSS.
Abstract The bioterrorism-associated human anthrax epidemic in the fall of 2001 highlighted need for a sensitive, reproducible, and specific laboratory test confirmatory diagnosis anthrax. Centers Disease Control Prevention developed, optimized, rapidly qualified an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) serum. ELISA had minimum detection limit 0.06 µg/mL, reliable lower 0.09 quantification undiluted serum...
We analyzed national Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) surveillance data from 1994 and 1995 to describe the epidemiology of Hi invasive disease among persons all ages. Serotype were available for 376 (56%) 669 reported cases children aged 4 years or younger; 184 (49%) H. type b (Hib). Among younger, incidence (per 100,000) was 1.8 in 1.6 (p < 0.05) 1995. Children 5 months younger had highest average annual rate Hib (2.2 per 100,000); 6 11 next (1.2 100,000)(p 0.05). Of 181 with whose age known, 85...
Genome sequencing has established clinical utility for rare disease diagnosis. While increasing numbers of individuals have undergone elective genome sequencing, a comprehensive study surveying genome-wide disease-associated genes in adults with deep phenotyping not been reported. Here we report the results 3-y precision medicine goal to integrate whole-genome phenotyping. A cohort 1,190 adult participants (402 female [33.8%]; mean age, 54 y [range 20 89+]; 70.6% European) had and were...
Reducing premature mortality associated with age-related chronic diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease, is an urgent priority. We report early results using genomics in combination advanced imaging other clinical testing to proactively screen for disease risk among adults. enrolled active, symptom-free adults a study of screening diseases mortality. In addition personal family medical history testing, we obtained whole-genome sequencing (WGS), noncontrast whole-body MRI,...
Microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) sequencing is an emerging infectious disease diagnostic tool which enables unbiased pathogen detection and quantification from plasma. The Karius Test, a commercial mcfDNA assay developed by available since 2017 Karius, Inc. (Redwood City, CA), detects quantifies as molecules/μL in sample data results for all tests conducted April 2018 through mid-September 2021 were evaluated laboratory quality metrics, reported pathogens, test requisition forms. A total of...