A5110964824- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
University of Liverpool
2005-2014
Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering
2009
Sorbonne Université
2009
Wellcome Sanger Institute
2009
National Health Service
2009
Public Health Agency
2009
Daiichi Sankyo (United Kingdom)
2009
Sanofi (United Kingdom)
2009
Nagasaki University
2009
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2003-2009
There are few epidemiologic data on invasive bacterial infections among children in sub-Saharan Africa. We studied every acute pediatric admission to a rural district hospital Kenya examine the prevalence, incidence, types, and outcome of community-acquired bacteremia.Between August 1998 July 2002, we cultured blood from 19,339 inpatients calculated incidence bacteremia basis population served by hospital.Of total 1783 infants who were under 60 days old, 228 had (12.8 percent), as did 866...
Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastro-enteritis in developed world. It thought to infect 2-3 million people a year US alone, at cost economy excess $4 billion. C. widespread zoonotic pathogen that carried by animals farmed for meat and poultry. A connection with contaminated food recognized, but also commonly found wild water sources. Phylogenetic studies have suggested genotypes pathogenic humans bear greatest resemblance non-livestock isolates. Moreover, seasonal...
The association between severe bronchiolitis and dual infection by human metapneumovirus (hMPV) respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) was investigated in !2-year-old infants with who were admitted to the hospital during 2001–2002 winter season. hMPV nasopharyngeal aspirate and/or cells fluid collected nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage detected reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). hRSV enzyme immunoassay, tissue culture, RT-PCR. Dual confers a 10-fold increase relative...
ABSTRACT Bacterial infections of the lungs cystic fibrosis (CF) patients cause major complications in treatment this common genetic disease. Burkholderia cenocepacia infection is particularly problematic since organism has high levels antibiotic resistance, making it difficult to eradicate; resulting chronic are associated with severe declines lung function and increased mortality rates. B. strain J2315 was isolated from a CF patient member epidemic ET12 lineage that originated Canada or...
Abstract Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect segments of the M (matrix), N (nucleoprotein), and F (fusion) genes human metapneumovirus in bronchoalveolar fluid from 30 infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Seventy percent them were coinfected metapneumovirus. Such coinfection might be a factor influencing severity
We studied the seroprevalence and transmission of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8), among 215 Ugandan children, adolescents young adults. measured antibodies to a latent nuclear antigen (LANA) lytic cycle protein encoded by open reading frame (orf) 65. Infection with KSHV/HHV8 occurred during early childhood reached adult levels (approx. 50%) before age puberty. In children younger than 12 years age, LANA orf65 were independently associated hepatitis B infection (p <...
Objective Non-typhoidal salmonella (NTS) bacteraemia is a common, recurrent illness in HIV-infected African adults. We aimed to describe the presentation and outcome of NTS bacteraemia, pattern recurrence, determine whether recurrence results from re-infection or recrudescence. Design One hundred consecutive adult inpatients with Blantyre, Malawi, were treated chloramphenicol. Survivors prospectively followed detect bacteraemic recurrence. Methods Index isolates typed by antibiogram,...
Abstract We determined the molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant staphylococci from animals and staff at a small animal equine hospital. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) identical to human EMRSA-15 was found in dogs hospital staff. In contrast, 5 distinct MRSA strains were isolated horses but not
In Africa, multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal salmonellae (NTS) are one of the leading causes morbidity and high mortality in children under 5 years age, second importance only to pneumococcal disease. The authors studied NTS isolates from paediatric admissions at two hospitals Nairobi, Kenya, followed index cases their homes, where rectal swabs stools parents siblings, animals close contact, were obtained. majority obtained Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (106 out 193; 54.9%)...
One hundred rotavirus strains detected in children with acute diarrhea Blantyre, Malawi, between July 1997 and January 1998 were characterized for G (VP7) P (VP4) types by using multiplex, heminested, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. A novel P[6]G8 strain was identified 42% of the specimens. The remaining comprised P[8]G3 (20%), P[6]G3 (10%), P[4]G8 (9%), P[6]G9 (3%), P[8]G4 (2%), P[6]G4 P[4]G3 (1%). Rotavirus mixed or 2% Nine percent nontypeable primers used. P[6] genotype...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in infants is characterized by a massive neutrophilic infiltrate into the airways. Chemokines direct migration of leukocytes and contribute to pathogenesis RSV disease. However, little known about pulmonary chemokine responses humans. Our aim was characterize production chemokines lungs with how this changes over time.Chemokine mRNA concentration were measured nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from control infants. In...
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), the mosquito-borne flavivirus, annually causes an estimated 35,000-50,000 cases and 10,000-15,000 deaths in Asia, there is no antiviral treatment. The role played by immune response determining outcome of human infection with JEV poorly understood, although, animal models flavivirus encephalitis, unregulated proinflammatory cytokine responses can be detrimental.We studied innate, cellular, humoral 118 patients infected JEV, whom 13 (11%) died.Levels...
Some isolates of the Liverpool cystic fibrosis epidemic strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibit an unusual virulence-related phenotype, characterized by over-production quorum sensing-regulated exoproducts such as pyocyanin and LasA protease. Our aim was to determine prevalence this phenotype amongst strain, study other intraclonal phenotypic genotypic variations.The detected in at least one isolate from majority patients tested, can be retained for up seven years during chronic infection....
Abstract We identified 21 rotaviruses in 129 patients with diarrhea a Brazilian city high rotavirus vaccine coverage. All were genotype P[4]G2 1 mixed infection P[NT]G9. Although virus predominance could have occurred randomly, the may be less protective against P[4]G2. Prospective surveillance is urgently needed.
This study used a PCR-based approach targeting 16S rRNA gene fragments to determine the occurrence and association of three bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) treponeme phylogroups within lesions found in cattle from United Kingdom. Examination 51 BDD collected infected across Kingdom revealed that group 1 (Treponema medium/Treponema vincentii-like), 2 phagedenis-like), 3 putidum/Treponema denticola-like) were present 96.1%, 98%, 76.5% lesions, respectively. The together 74.5% lesions. PCR...
This study aimed to isolate and characterize treponemes present in the bovine gastrointestinal (GI) tract compare them with digital dermatitis (BDD) treponemes. Seven spirochete isolates were obtained from GI tract, which, on basis of 16S rRNA gene comparisons, clustered within genus Treponema as four novel phylotypes. One phylotype was isolated several different regions, including omasum, colon, rumen, rectum. These phylotypes could be divided into two pairs that closest each other then...
Staphylococcal colonization was compared in healthy dogs and with atopic dermatitis. Bacterial swabs were collected from the nasal mucosa, ear perineum of 43 24 also potentially infected skin lesions dogs. Coagulase positive staphylococcal isolates identified to species level. At time this study Staphylococcus intermedius considered a single but has since been recognized as comprising at least three canine believed belong pseudintermedius. Of dogs, 87.5% colonized S. only 37.2% The carriage...
Mapping an area at risk of epidemics meningococcal meningitis in Africa has significant implications for their prevention and case treatment, through the targeted development improved surveillance systems control policies. Such was described using information obtained from published unpublished reports between 1980 1999 cases disease reported by to WHO. The Sahel bore greatest epidemic burden, with over two-thirds documented outbreaks high attack rates. In addition those already Meningitis...
ABSTRACT An 840-bp fragment of the 18S rRNA gene was used to identify Cryptosporidium spp. recovered from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and -uninfected patients Kenya, Malawi, Brazil, United Kingdom, Vietnam. Initial identification by Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast staining. Confirmation nested PCR, targeting most polymorphic region gene. Genotyping restriction endonuclease digestion PCR product followed nucleotide sequencing. Among 63 isolates analyzed, four genotypes were...