Grapevine is a world-wide cultivated economically relevant crop. The process of berry ripening non-climacteric and does not rely on the sole ethylene signal. Abscisic acid (ABA) recognized as an important hormone inception color development in berries. In order to elucidate effect this signal at molecular level, pre-véraison berries were treated ex vivo for 20 h with 0.2 mM ABA skin transcriptional modulation was studied by RNA-seq after treatment 24 later, absence exogenous ABA. This study...

A developing plant organ exhibits complex spatiotemporal patterns of growth, cell division, size, shape, and shape. Explaining these presents a challenge because their dynamics cross-correlations, which can make it difficult to disentangle causes from effects. To address problems, we used live imaging determine the leaf growth division in different genetic tissue contexts. In simplifying background speechless (spch) mutant, lacks stomatal lineages, epidermal layer defined along proximodistal...

EM (effective microorganisms) is a biofertilizer consisting of mixed culture potentially beneficial microorganisms. In this study, we investigated the effects treatment on leaf in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence photosystem II (PSII), yield, and macronutrient content bean plants grown different substrates (nutrient rich substrate vs. nutrient poor sandy soil) controlled environmental conditions (pot experiment greenhouse). EM-treated maintained optimum photosynthetic efficiency two weeks...

Abstract Stomata are epidermal pores formed by pairs of specialized guard cells, which regulate gas exchanges between the plant and atmosphere. Modulation transcription has emerged as an important level regulation stomatal activity. The AtMYB60 factor was previously identified a positive regulator opening, although details its function remain unknown. Here, we propose role for negative modulator oxylipins synthesis in stomata. atmyb60-1 mutant shows reduced opening accumulates increased...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant hormones involved in many developmental processes as well plant-environment interactions. Their role was investigated this study through the analysis of lilliputian1-1 (lil1-1), a dwarf mutant impaired BR biosynthesis maize (Zea mays).We isolated lil1-1 transposon tagging maize. The action lil1 morphological and genetic analysis. Moreover, by comparing wild-type individuals grown under drought stress, effect reduction on response to stress examined.lil1-1 is...

In all land plants, the outer surface of aerial parts is covered by cuticle, a complex lipid layer that constitutes barrier against damage caused environmental factors and provides protection nonstomatal water loss. We show in this study both cuticle deposition cuticle-dependent leaf permeability during juvenile phase plant development are controlled maize (Zea mays) transcription factor ZmFUSED LEAVES 1 (FDL1)/MYB94. Biochemical analysis showed altered cutin wax biosynthesis fdl1-1 mutant...

Abstract Background This study investigates the use of corncobs before and after fermentation with Ganoderma annularis (G) to enhance nutritional value gluten‐free breadsticks. Medicinal mushrooms are known increase nutrient profile substrates through solid‐state (SSF); nevertheless, using entire SSF – as adopted in this is unprecedented baked goods. Corncobs from B73 maize inbred line ‘Rostrato Rosso di Rovetta’ (RR) landrace were used. Results During leavening, dough height increased by...

Abstract The research investigates the potential use of maize cobs (or corncobs) from five genotypes, including B73 inbred line and four locally cultivated landraces Northern Italy, as substrate for implementing Solid State fermentation processes with Medicinal Mushrooms (MMs). corncobs were characterized based on their proximate composition, lignin, phenolics content (both free bound), total antioxidant capacity. Among MMs tested, Pleurotus ostreatus Ganoderma annularis demonstrated most...

Lupin species provide essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. Within pulses, they have one of the highest contents proteins fibers are among poorest in carbohydrates. The Mediterranean region is an important cradle area origin domestication cultivated white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). In this work, we present characterization 19 landraces collected from several sites southern Italy, characterized by different pedoclimatic conditions. protein electrophoretic patterns, total polyphenols,...

Guard cells (GCs) are specialised within the plant epidermis which form stomatal pores, through gas exchange can occur. The GCs derive a lineage of cell divisions is specified by transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH), expression be detected in undifferentiated epidermal prior to asymmetric division. Other factors may act before GC specification and required for correct patterning. Previously, DOF STOMATAL CARPENTER 1 (SCAP1) was shown involved function, activating set GC–specific genes...

This work examined the survival of Rhyzopertha dominica on maize kernels differing either for specific traits or their genetic background. Maize comprised endosperm starch composition, and accumulation pigments, i.e., carotenoids anthocyanins, in aleurone, while genotypes included B73 reference line, high oil content RAlexo line commercial variety Zea mays everta (popcorn). Kernels different were classified according to texture. The number adults R. developing from neonate larvae both whole...

Upon pathogen attack, plants very quickly undergo rather complex physico-chemical changes, such as the production of new chemicals or alterations in membrane and cell wall properties, to reduce disease damages. An underestimated threat is represented by root parasitic nematodes. In Vitis vinifera L., nematode Xiphinema index unique vector Grapevine fanleaf virus, responsible for degeneration, one most widespread economically damaging diseases worldwide. The aim this study was investigate...

Maize silks, the stigmatic portions of female flowers, have an important role in reproductive development. Silks also provide entry points for pathogens into host tissues since fungal hyphae move along surface silks to reach site infection, i.e., developing kernel. The outer extracellular silk is covered by a protective hydrophobic cuticle, comprised complex array long-chain hydrocarbons and small amounts very long chain fatty acids alcohols. This work illustrates that two previously...

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. durum) is a major cereal adopted since antiquity to feed humans. Due its use, dating back several millennia, this species features wide genetic diversity and landraces are considered important repositories of gene pools which constitute invaluable tools for breeders. The aim work provide first characterization landrace, referred as 'TB2018', that was collected in the Apulia region (Southern Italy). 'TB2018' revealed, through visual inspection, characters...

Abstract Plants align flowering with optimal seasonal conditions to increase reproductive success. This process depends on modulating signalling pathways that respond diverse environmental and hormonal inputs, thereby regulating the transition at shoot apical meristem. In Arabidopsis , long-day photoperiods (LDs) stimulate transcription of FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ), encoding main florigenic signal. activation is mediated by transcriptional regulator CONSTANS (CO), which binds CO responsive...

Abstract The plant cuticle is a hydrophobic layer that serves as the primary barrier between surfaces and external environment, limiting water loss protecting against various stresses. This study investigates genetic interaction maize ZmFDL1 ZmGL15 genes their role in modulating juvenile deposition leaf permeability. research was undertaken to understand how these influence composition structure, which are crucial for protection environmental stresses such drought. We analysed chemical of...

The modulation of stomatal activity is a relevant trait in grapes, as it defines the isohydric/anysohydric behavior different cultivars and directly affects water-use efficiency drought resistance vineyards. grape transcription factor VvMYB60 has been proposed transcriptional regulator responses based on its ectopic expression heterologous systems. Here, we addressed cellular specificity leaves by integrating independent approaches, including qPCR analysis purified stomata transient...

Insect infestation during seed storage affects cereal productivity. Sitophilus oryzae , which is present in various climates, one of the primary pests for maize ( Zea mays ) seeds. In this study, kernels a set eight inbred lines importance both breeding and research activities were characterised morphological biochemical parameters as well their susceptibility to S. . was reared laboratory- controlled conditions index (SI, range: 0-11), depends on number emerging adults median developmental...

SCAP1 affects GCs development. (A) Representative abaxial epidermal phenotype of a 6th expanded leaf wild type (Ler) and scap1-2 mutants. Guard cells are false coloured in black. Scale bar = 50 μm. (B) Pattern transcript accumulation determined by quantitative PCR mature leaves independent T1 BASTA resistant pro35S:amiRNA-SCAP1 (amiRNA-SCAP1) transgenic lines, compared with (Col-0). ACTIN (ACT2) was used for normalization. Values represent the mean two technical replicates. Error...