A5054441811- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
- Philosophy and History of Science
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics
- Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Risk Perception and Management
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
- Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Child and Adolescent Health
- scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Disability Rights and Representation
- Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference
- Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems
- Philosophy and Theoretical Science
- Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
- Cultural Differences and Values
- Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
- Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Ethics in medical practice
Marche Polytechnic University
2018-2023
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2017-2022
Munich School of Philosophy
2017-2022
Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona
2018-2021
Università di Camerino
2013-2015
Tezpur University
2014
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
2010-2011
Research Network (United States)
2011
European Commission
2011
University of Milan
2011
Since at least Hume and Kant, philosophers working on the nature of aesthetic judgment have generally agreed that common sense does not treat judgments in same way as typical expressions subjective preferences—rather, it endows them with intersubjective validity, property being right or wrong regardless disagreement. Moreover, this apparent validity has been taken to constitute one main explananda for philosophical accounts judgment. But is really case most people spontaneously having...
Report on the Conference Probabilistic Reasoning in Sciences which took place at Marche Polytechnic University Ancona, Italy. 29-31 August 2024.
Philosophers have long debated whether, if determinism is true, we should hold people morally responsible for their actions since in a deterministic universe, are arguably not the ultimate source of nor could they done otherwise initial conditions and laws nature held fixed. To reveal how non-philosophers ordinarily reason about free will, conducted cross-cultural cross-linguistic survey (N = 5,268) spanning twenty countries sixteen languages. Overall, participants tended to ascribe moral...
Contemporary debates about scientific institutions and practice feature many proposed reforms. Most of these require increased efforts from scientists. But how do scientists' incentives for effort interact? How can encourage scientists to invest in research? We explore questions using a game-theoretic model publication markets. employ base game between authors reviewers, before assessing some its tendencies by means analysis simulations. compare the expenditures groups interact our under...
Abstract The problem of collecting, analysing and evaluating evidence on adverse drug reactions is an example the more general class epistemological problems related to scientific inference prediction, as well a central health care practice. Philosophical discussions have analysed critically methodological pitfalls implications assessment in medicine; however, they focused predominantly treatment efficacy. Most this work devoted statistical methods causal with special focus privileged role...
Pharmaceutical decisions are affected by several forms of uncertainty, which sharpened both the high stakes at play and complexity epistemological procedures needed to provide necessary information make these decisions. The precautionary principle as applied pharmaceutical through notion 'well-founded suspicion' takes into account one special sort uncertainties: uncertainty concerning causal connection between observed adverse reactions drug suspected causing effects. Commentators have...
Background: Evidence suggesting adverse drug reactions often emerges unsystematically and unpredictably in form of anecdotal reports, case series survey data. Safety trials observational studies also provide crucial information regarding the (un-)safety drugs. Hence, integrating multiple types pharmacovigilance evidence is key to minimising risks harm. Methods: In previous work, we began development a Bayesian framework for aggregating assess probability putative causal link between drugs...
Since at least Hume and Kant, philosophers working on the nature of aesthetic judgment have generally agreed that common sense does not treat judgments in same way as typical expressions subjective preferences—rather, it endows them with intersubjective validity, property being right or wrong regardless disagreement. Moreover, this apparent validity has been taken to constitute one main explananda for philosophical accounts judgment. But is really case most people spontaneously having...
According to the variety of evidence thesis items from independent lines investigation are more confirmatory, ceteris paribus, than, for example, replications analogous studies. This is known fail (Bovens and Hartmann; Claveau). However, results obtained by Bovens Hartmann only concern instruments whose either fully random or perfectly reliable; instead, Claveau, unreliability modelled as deterministic bias. In both cases, unreliable instrument delivers totally irrelevant information. We...
The purpose of this article is to differentiate between the different functions pharmaceutical risk communication and make explicit their legal natures implications. Risk has been generally categorised as a warning act, which performed in order prevent or minimise risk. analysis also drawn attention role played by information reducing uncertainty about Both approaches focus on safety aspects its harm reduction. However, there are cases where cannot be avoided reduced, for example side...
Today’s surge of big data coming from multiple sources is raising the stakes that pharmacovigilance has to win, making evidence synthesis a more and robust approach in field. In this scenario, many scholars believe new computational methods derived mining will effectively enhance detection early warning signals for adverse drug reactions, solving gauntlets post-marketing surveillance requires. This article highlights need philosophical order fully realize 2.0 revolution. A state art on...
Under exceptional circumstances, including high rates of protocol non-compliance, per-protocol (PP) analysis can better indicate the real-world benefits a medical intervention than intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. Exemplifying this, first randomized clinical trial (RCT) considered found that colonoscopy screenings were marginally beneficial, based upon ITT analysis, with only 42% group actually undergoing procedure. However, study authors themselves concluded efficacy screening was 50%...
The paper addresses charges of risk and loss aversion as well irrationality directed against the precautionary principle (PP), by providing an epistemic analysis its specific role in safety law system. In particular, I contend that: 1) is not a form irrational or biased behaviour; 2) both regard utility function, whereas PP rather regards information on which to base decision; 3) thus has formally nothing do with but awareness; 4) removes fictional construct legal system, according any...
The paper considers the legal tools that have been developed in German pharmaceutical regulation as a result of precautionary attitude inaugurated by Contergan decision (1970). These are (i) notion ―well-founded suspicion‖, which attenuates requirements for safety intervention relaxing requirement proved causal connection between danger and source, introduction (ii) reversal proof burden liability norms. focuses on first proposes seeing principle an instance one should maximise expected...