A5086082190- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Trinity College Dublin
2024
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2009-2022
Valid International (United Kingdom)
2016-2022
University of London
2008-2022
MRC Unit the Gambia
2017-2022
Medical Research Council
2018-2019
Government Medical College
2017
Action Contre la Faim
2015
Basildon and Thurrock University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2012
University of Aberdeen
2011
BackgroundAlmost a quarter of the world's undernourished people live in India. We tested effects three nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA) interventions on maternal and child nutrition India.MethodsWe did parallel, four-arm, observer-blind, cluster-randomised trial Keonjhar district, Odisha, A cluster was one or more villages with combined minimum population 800 residents. The clusters were allocated 1:1:1:1 to control group an intervention fortnightly women's groups meetings household...
The Sibutramine Cardiovascular OUTcomes (SCOUT) trial is a randomized, double-blind comparison of sibutramine vs. placebo, in addition to standard care for weight management, overweight/obese subjects with an increased risk cardiovascular disease. study had initial single-blind, 6-week lead-in period plus management. We report the responses and loss during this period. A total 10 742 received treatment period; 97% disease, 88% hypertension 84% type 2 diabetes. Body decreased (median 2.2 kg...
Upper gastrointestinal injury from iron tablets at therapeutic dose is not widely recognized. The aim was to document cases of iron-related upper (GI) pathology and determine frequency occurrence.We prospectively studied patients with deficiency anaemia undergoing GI endoscopy November 2005 July 2006. Cases deposition these other extracted retrospectively between 1999 2006 were examined histopathologically patient notes reviewed. In the prospective study, 15/160 investigated for [16.1%...
Background Children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) have an increased risk of mortality, infections and impaired physical cognitive development compared to well-nourished children. In parts Ethiopia not considered chronically food insecure there are no supplementary feeding programmes (SFPs) for treating MAM. The short-term outcomes children who MAM in such areas currently described, remains urgent need evidence-based policy recommendations. Methods We defined as mid-upper arm...
In humans, DNA methylation marks inherited from gametes are largely erased following fertilisation, prior to construction of the embryonic methylome. Exploiting a natural experiment seasonal variation including changes in diet and nutritional status rural Gambia, we analysed three datasets covering two independent child cohorts identified 259 CpGs showing consistent associations between season conception (SoC) methylation. SoC effects were most apparent early infancy, with evidence...
Children who receive therapeutic feeding for wasting treatment but do not reach the anthropometric definitions of recovery (usually within 12–16 weeks) are categorised as ‘non-responders’ and considered failures. We conducted a pooled analysis to explore growth trajectories non-responders appropriateness definition ‘non-response’. 14 studies children aged 6–59 months receiving wasting. included classified by their recovered or non-responders. Observing data non-responders’ mid-upper arm...
Excess weight, particularly central obesity, is recognized to be a major determinant of diabetes risk in all populations, with the magnitude association reported as being stronger Asians than whites (1-3). Consequently, indicators overweight have been incorporated into several guidelines for early identification individuals type 2 (4). However, anthropometric cut points different ethnic groups determined various ways, leading uncertainty about their applicability screening. Here, we clarify...
Abstract Maternal anaemia prevalence in low‐income countries is unacceptably high. Our research explored the individual‐, family‐ and community‐level factors affecting antenatal care uptake, iron folic acid (IFA) intake consumption of micronutrient‐rich diets among pregnant women plains Nepal. We discuss how these findings informed development a home visit community mobilisation intervention to reduce pregnancy. used qualitative methodology by socio‐ecological framework, conducting...
Childhood wasting and stunting affect large numbers of children globally. Both are important risk factors for illness death yet, despite the fact that these conditions can share common often seen in same child, they commonly portrayed as relatively distinct manifestations undernutrition. In 2014, Wasting Stunting project was launched by Emergency Nutrition Network. Its aim to better understand complex relationship associations between examine whether current separations were apparent...
Maternal nutrition in pregnancy has been linked to offspring health early and later life, with changes DNA methylation (DNAm) proposed as a mediating mechanism.
A trial of three nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions with participatory videos and women's group meetings in rural Odisha, India, found improvements maternal child dietary diversity, limited effects on agricultural production, no women children's nutritional status. Our process evaluation explored fidelity, reach, mechanisms behind interventions' effects. We also examined how context affected implementation, mechanisms, outcomes. used data from intervention monitoring systems,...
A 16-week trial was conducted with Large White turkey hens to ascertain the effect of deleting dietary carbohydrate calories on reproduction, lipogenic enzyme, and liver metabolite concentrations. Thirty percent (ground corn) were removed isocalorically substituted additional fat, 1,3-butanediol, or glycerol so that effects could not be attributed solely carbohydrates. Additional fat increased efficiency feed utilization. also decreased activities isocitrate dehydrogenase, malic fatty acid...
Abstract The treatment of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition ( SAM ) requires substantial amounts ready‐to‐use therapeutic food RUTF ). In 2009, Action Contre la Faim anticipated a shortfall for their nutrition programme in M yanmar. A low‐dose protocol to treat children with was adopted. this protocol, dosed according beneficiary's body weight, until the child reached Weight‐for‐Height z ‐score ≥−3 and mid‐upper arm circumference ≥110 mm. From point, received fixed quantity per day,...
After recovery, children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) remain vulnerable to sub-optimal growth and relapse. Although there is an increased interest in understanding these problems, data are scarce, contextual factors can cause variability. We prospectively followed a cohort of Ethiopian (215 post-SAM cases 215 non-wasted controls), monthly for one year. The were: age 6–59 months at admission into the community management (CMAM) program being successfully discharged from CMAM...
Animal studies have shown that nutritional exposures during pregnancy can modify epigenetic marks regulating fetal development and susceptibility to later disease, providing a plausible mechanism explain the developmental origins of health disease. Human observational maternal peri-conceptional diet predicts DNA methylation in offspring. However, causal pathway from diet, through changes methylation, outcomes has yet be established. The EMPHASIS study (Epigenetic Mechanisms linking...