The frequency of Treg is reported to be higher in patients with chronic HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection and CD45RA(+) exist normal adults. In this study, we found a lower absolute number (15 cells/microL) but proportion (16.2%) FOXP3(+) cells (Treg) the CD4(+) population treatment-naïve HIV-1 low CD4 (<200 counts than those high (34 cells/microL 9.3%) or healthy adults (48 7.5%). patients, CD45RA(+)CCR7(+), CD45RA(-)CCR7(+), CD45RA(-)CCR7(-) subsets were identified population, was (57.9%)...

It has been reported recently that oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence HPV and types in cavity cervix female sex workers Japan. Oral cervical swabs were taken from 196 who visited a clinic for regular medical checkups 2007, genomic DNA extracted those specimens. L1 gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using original modified GP5+/6+ primers, genotyping performed...

Here, we investigated the effects of probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) on immune profiles and intestinal microbial translocation among children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This prospective study included 60 HIV-infected children—including 31 without antiretroviral therapy (ART) (HIV(+)) 29 who received ART for a median 3.5 years (ART(+)) 20 HIV infection (HIV(−)). Participants were recruited in Vietnam. All given fermented milk containing LcS (6.5 × 109...

HIV-1 genotype assay using plasma viruses has been widely applied for detection of resistant in infected individuals, whereas there are only a few reports about proviral peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). To determine which sample, or PBMC, should be used early drug-resistant during antiretroviral treatment, we analyzed 275 plasma-derived and 211 PBMC-derived protease sequences obtained from HIV-1–infected patients inhibitor (PI) therapy. In 70 107 pairs (65.4%) PBMC samples taken...

Abstract Vaccines against two high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, HPV‐16, and HPV‐18, are in use currently, with high efficacy for preventing infections these HPV types consequent cervical cancers. However, circulating can vary geography ethnicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence association between abnormal cytology among female sex workers Northern Vietnam. Cervical swabs plasma samples were collected from 281 at health centers Hanoi Hai Phong 2009. L1 gene...

Objectives: To identify the risk factors for intravenous drug use and sharing of equipment in Longchuan County south-west China. Methods: Demographic information sexual drug-use-related behavior between 1 January 1991 August 1994 were collected retrospectively from a cohort young male users aged 18–29 years 82 villages. Results: A total 433 identified. The cumulative incidence was 40.0% during 3.7-year study period. annual increased 10% to over 30% 1994. Risk among users, according...

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Hai Phong, northern Vietnam, was characterized by analyzing the prevalence and genotype distribution of HBV as well co‐infection with human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV‐1) among five different risk groups for HIV infection. Plasma samples were collected from intravenous drug users (n = 760, anti‐HIV‐1 antibody positive rate: 35.9%), female sex workers (FSWs; n 91, 23.1%), seafarers 94, 0%), pregnant women 200, 0.5%), blood donors 210, 2.9%) 2007...

Abstract Enterovirus-A71 (EV-A71) is a common cause of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and, rarely, causes severe neurological disease. This study aimed to elucidate the epidemiological and genetic characteristics virulence EV-A71 strains isolated from children diagnosed with HFMD. Rectal throat swabs were collected 488 HFMD in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2015–2016. From 391 EV-positive patients, 15 EVs, including coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6; 47.1%) (32.5%, n = 127), identified. Of 127 strains, 117...

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) has several intragenotypic variants with different geographical and ethnic distributions. This study aimed to elucidate the distribution patterns of E6 E7 (E6/E7) HPV type 16 (HPV‐16), which is most common worldwide, HPV‐52, in Asian countries such as Japan, Philippines, Vietnam. In previous studies, genomic DNA samples extracted from cervical swabs were collected female sex workers these three found be positive for HPV‐16 or HPV‐52. Samples amplified...

This study aimed to elucidate the 12-month durability of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in patients infected during 2020 workplace outbreaks disease 2019 (COVID-19) Japan. We followed 33 Japanese with SARS-CoV-2 April for 12 months (12M). Patients were tested NAbs and nucleocapsid (anti-NC-Ab) spike receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD-Ab). Tests performed at 2M, 6M, 12M after primary infection (api) commercially available...

We previously reported a significant reduction in the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) from 2007 to 2012 people who inject drugs (PWID; 35.9% 18.5%, p < 0.001) and female sex workers (FSW; 23.1% 9.8%, 0.05), but not blood donors (BD) or pregnant women, Haiphong, Vietnam. Our aim present study was assess trends infection with hepatitis B C viruses (HBV HCV, respectively). also investigated coinfection rates HBV HCV HIV same groups. Between 2012, significantly decreased...

This cross‐sectional study investigated the prevalence, genotypes, and risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Hanoi, Vietnam. The included 192 males (mean age, 32.9 years) with symptoms related to sexually transmitted infections (STI). Urinary, penile, urethral samples were collected April May, 2014. HPV DNA was detected PCR, performed modified and/or original GP5 + /GP6 primers. genotypes determined a gene array assay. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) Chlamydia trachomatis (CT)...

CD4⁺ T-lymphocyte destruction, microbial translocation, and systemic immune activation are the main mechanisms of pathogenesis human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection. To investigate impact HIV infection antiretroviral therapy (ART) on profile translocation in HIV-infected children, 60 vertically infected children (31 without ART: HIV(+) 29 with ART(+)) 20 HIV-uninfected (HIV(-)) aged 2-12 years were recruited Vietnam, their blood samples immunologically bacteriologically...

To evaluate HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations among drug-naive HIV-1-infected patients in Northern Vietnam, we performed sequence analysis of pol-PR and pol-RT samples collected from 206 (161 men 45 women) consenting 2008. From these samples, successfully sequenced 173 155 genes. Phylogenetic revealed that all were infected with CRF01_AE. Major protease inhibitor resistance mutations, such as L33F, M46I, M46L, found three (1.7%). reverse-transcriptase (RTI) seven (4.5%), four whom...

Drug use in Kenya dates back to the precolonial period but research among drug users relation human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated risk and intervention strategies has been low. To evaluate HIV-1 diversity resistance injecting (IDUs), a cross-sectional study involving 58 patients was carried out Mombasa between February March 2010. RNA extracted from plasma polymerase chain reaction using specific primers for reverse transcriptase done. Population sequencing done subtypes were...

A retrospective analysis of 86 HIV-1 vertically-infected Vietnamese children with a follow-up period &gt;24 months after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) was performed from 2008 to 2012, assess the outcome first-line ART in resource-limited settings. Of children, 68 (79.1%) were treated successfully (plasma viral load [VL] &lt;1000 copies/ml), and 63 (73.3%) had full suppression (VL &lt;400 copies/ml) 24 ART. No significant difference between patients failure groups observed VL, CD4 +...

We previously reported human papillomavirus type 52 (HPV52) as the most prevalent high-risk genotype in non-cancer individuals Vietnam. This study aimed to evaluate HPV genotypes and HPV16 E6 E7 (E6/E7) gene variations Vietnamese patients with genital cancers. Biopsy samples were collected from 124 cancers (20 vaginal, 50 vulvar, 54 penile cancer). The HPV-DNA was amplified genotyped, E6/E7 genes compared those for women normal cervical cytology (N = 23). detected 80.6% (100/124) of cancer...

Background: Hepatitis B (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are both bloodborne viruses. Markers of either active or past HBV infection present in many HIV infected patients. Worldwide, prevalence varies geographically endemicity is classified as low (<2%) high (>8%). Genotypically, among different populations, with genotype A having a wide distribution. In Kenya, the HIV-1/HBV co-infection ranges from 6-53% depending on sub-population, most common. Objective: To determine...

A cross-sectional molecular epidemiological study of Entamoeba species was conducted among asymptomatic Kenyan children with (n = 123) and without 111) HIV infection. The prevalence E. histolytica low (0.4%). infection inversely related [HIV(+): 29.3% vs.55.0%, P < 0.001]: multiple-species to higher CD4 T-cell counts. Thus, is not a risk factor for amebic infection, can be an indicator better immune status.

A cross-sectional molecular epidemiological study of Giardia intestinalis infection was conducted among asymptomatic Kenyan children with (n = 123) and without 111) HIV infection. G. assemblage B positively correlated [HIV (+), 18.7% vs. (−), 11.7%; P 0.013], whereas not 4.1% 6.3%; 0.510]. Thus, is a risk factor for but

Abstract To identify risk factors for drug use among young males in southwest China a cross‐sectional survey and non‐concurrent cohort study were conducted. Demographic, behavioral drug‐use information was collected from aged 18–29 years. The included the period 1 January 1991 to August 1994. A total of 1548 subjects interviewed. cumulative incidence increased between 1993. Multivariate analysis identified following significant use: being divorced/widowed/separated, having been encouraged by...

The Dynabeads method showed the potential for enumerating CD4+ T lymphocytes (CD4 count) in HIV-1-infected individuals. large volume of required 1 sample and complex procedure made expensive not easy use, however. To decrease cost simplify procedure, we reduced Dynabeads, added wash times, skipped over staining step so as to count CD4 cells directly under an optical microscope. 246 blood samples using our modified (DynabeadsCD4) a significant correlation with that obtained by flow cytometry...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cancers in men, including penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genotypes, risk factors of HPV infections oral cavity, compared those genitals, among males diagnosed with sexually transmitted (STIs) Vietnam.Oral, urinary, urethral samples were collected from 198 male Vietnamese patients STIs (median age 31.0 years, range 17-68). DNA was isolated amplified PCR, modified and/or original...