A5103255466- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Animal testing and alternatives
- Chemical Safety and Risk Management
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Polish Historical and Cultural Studies
- Global Education and Multiculturalism
- Science, Research, and Medicine
- Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Social Work Education and Practice
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
- Climate Change and Geoengineering
- Dye analysis and toxicity
- Agricultural safety and regulations
- Race, History, and American Society
- Delphi Technique in Research
- Chromium effects and bioremediation
Carnegie Mellon University
2014-2023
Center for Environmental Health
2007-2023
Charlottesville Medical Research
2009-2018
OmniActive Health Technologies (United States)
2014
The White House
2004-2008
American Medical Association
2008
Council on Social Work Education
1978
Union College - Kentucky
1969
The broad-spectrum herbicide glyphosate (common trade name "Roundup") was first sold to farmers in 1974. Since the late 1970s, volume of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) applied has increased approximately 100-fold. Further increases are likely due more and higher rates application response widespread emergence glyphosate-resistant weeds new, pre-harvest, dessicant use patterns. GBHs were developed replace or reduce reliance on causing well-documented problems associated with drift crop...
Rapidly increasing evidence has documented that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) contribute substantially to disease and disability.The objective was quantify a range of health economic costs can be reasonably attributed EDC exposures in the European Union (EU).A Steering Committee scientists adapted Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change weight-of-evidence characterization for probability causation based upon levels available epidemiological toxicological one or more contributing by...
In their safety evaluations of bisphenol A (BPA), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) a counterpart in Europe, European Safety Authority (EFSA), have given special prominence to two industry-funded studies that adhered standards defined by Good Laboratory Practices (GLP). These same agencies much less weight risk assessments large number independently replicated non-GLP conducted with government funding leading experts various fields science from around world.
Abstract Food packaging is of high societal value because it conserves and protects food, makes food transportable conveys information to consumers. It also relevant for marketing, which economic significance. Other types contact articles, such as storage containers, processing equipment filling lines, are important production supply. articles made up one or multiple different materials consist chemicals. However, chemicals transfer from all into and, consequently, taken by humans. Here we...
BackgroundA core assumption of current toxicologic procedures used to establish health standards for chemical exposures is that testing the safety chemicals at high doses can be predict effects low-dose exposures, such as those common in general population. This based on precept "the dose makes poison": higher will cause greater effects.ObjectivesWe challenge validity assuming high-dose contaminants behave like hormones. We review data from endocrinology and toxicology falsify this summarize...
A previous report documented that endocrine disrupting chemicals contribute substantially to certain forms of disease and disability. In the present analysis, our main objective was update a range health economic costs can be reasonably attributed chemical exposures in European Union, leveraging new burden cost estimates female reproductive conditions from accompanying report. Expert panels evaluated epidemiologic evidence, using adapted criteria WHO Grading Recommendations Assessment,...
A central goal of green chemistry is to avoid hazard in the design new chemicals. This objective best achieved when information about a chemical's potential hazardous effects obtained as early process feasible. Endocrine disruption type that date has been inadequately addressed by both industrial and regulatory science. To aid chemists avoiding this hazard, we propose an endocrine testing protocol for use The Tiered Protocol Disruption (TiPED) created under oversight scientific advisory...
Food contact articles (FCAs) are manufactured from food materials (FCMs) that include plastics, paper, metal, glass, and printing inks. Chemicals can migrate FCAs into during storage, processing, transportation. materials' safety is evaluated using chemical risk assessment (RA). Several challenges to the RA of exist.We review regulatory requirements for FCMs in United States Europe, identify gaps RA, highlight opportunities improving protection public health. We intend initiate a discussion...
Non-monotonic dose response curves (NMDRCs) occur in cells, tissues, animals and human populations to nutrients, vitamins, pharmacological compounds, hormones endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Yet, regulatory agencies have argued that NMDRCs are not common, found for adverse outcomes, relevant regulation of EDCs. Under the linear model, high testing is used extrapolate lower doses anticipated be 'safe' exposures. below toxicological no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) would falsify...
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommended lowering their estimated tolerable daily intake (TDI) for bisphenol A (BPA) 20,000-fold to 0.2 ng/kg body weight (BW)/day. BPA is an extensively studied high production volume endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) associated with a vast array of diseases. Prior risk assessments by EFSA as well the US and Drug Administration (FDA) have relied on industry-funded studies conducted under good laboratory practice protocols (GLP) requiring...
Food contact materials (FCMs) and food articles are ubiquitous in today's globalized system. Chemicals migrate from FCMs into foodstuffs, so called chemicals (FCCs), but current regulatory requirements do not sufficiently protect public health hazardous FCCs because only individual substances used to make tested mostly for genotoxicity while endocrine disruption other hazard properties disregarded. Indeed, a known source of wide range chemicals, they likely contribute highly prevalent...
The Anthropocene is recognized (though not yet formally defined) as the time when human impacts are widespread on Earth. While some of essential to supporting large populations and can be sustainable in long run, others irretrievably damage life support systems upon which global society has come depend, or spark rapid changes societies cannot adapt fast enough. Among these dangerous trends increasing climate disruption, extinctions, loss non-human-dominated ecosystems, pollution, population...
Abstract Context Human cross-sectional and animal studies have shown an association of the chemical bisphenol A (BPA) with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, other metabolic diseases, but no human experimental study has investigated whether BPA alters insulin/C-peptide secretion. Design Men postmenopausal women (without diabetes) were orally administered either vehicle or a dose 50 µg/kg body weight, which been predicted by US regulators (Food Drug Administration, Environmental Protection...
In the early 1990s, several groups of scientists—including epidemiologists and pneumologists—began to publish a series prospective studies reporting an increased incidence cardiovascular diseases in people exposed low levels airborne particles.1 ,2 Before these publications, toxicological had primarily focused on pulmonary effects particulates laboratory animals—and results from those indicated that air pollution many places were too cause harm humans. This created something paradox,...