Apoptosis is considered one of the most significant mechanisms in pathogenesis neuronal damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). This form cell death occurs via mediators known as caspases. The aim this study was to evaluate neuroprotective effect caspase-9 inhibitor, z-LEHD-fmk, a rat model trauma.Fifty-four Wistar albino rats were studied following three groups 18 animals each: sham-operated controls (Group 1); trauma-only 2); and trauma combined with z-LEHD-fmk-treated (0.8 microM/kg; Group...

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: It has been previously shown that brain-derived neurotrophic factor is linked with various types of cancer. Brain-derived found to be highly expressed in multiple human cancers and associated tumor growth, invasion, metastasis. Adipokinetic hormones are functionally related the vertebrate glucagon, as they have similar functionalities manage nutrient-dependent secretion these two hormones. Migrasomes new organelles contain numerous small vesicles, which aid transmitting...

Glioblastoma tumors are the most aggressive primary brain that develop resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). Eribulin (ERB) exhibits a unique mechanism of action by inhibiting microtubule dynamics during G2/M cell cycle phase. We utilized T98G human glioma line investigate effects ERB and TMZ, both individually in combination. The experimental groups were established as follows: control, E5 (5 nM ERB), T0.75 (0.75 mM TMZ), T1 (1.0 combination (E5+T0.75 E5+T1). All showed significant decrease...

Thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic intervention carries a significant risk of spinal cord ischemia. The pathophysiologic mechanisms that cause hypoxic/ischemic injury to the have not been totally explained. In normal cord, neurons glial cells do express type IV collagen. Type collagen produced by reactive astrocytes is reported participate in scar formation. Tissue inhibitors metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are endogenous regulate activity matrix (MMPs). TIMP-2 binds strongly with MMP-2,...

The expansion of mobile phone technology has raised concerns regarding the effect 900-MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on central nervous system. At present, developing human brain is regularly exposed to telephones, pre- and postnatally. Several studies have demonstrated acute effects EMF during or postnatal periods; however, chronic are less understood. Thus, aim present study was determine rat cerebellum. control group maintained in same conditions as experimental groups, without...

This study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Morinda citrifolia L. (Rubiaceae), commonly known as noni, and memantine (a N-methy-D-aspartate receptor inhibitor) on hydrocephalus-induced neurodegenerative disorders. Kaolin injected into cistern magna male adult New Zealand rabbits establish a hydrocephalus animal model. Memantine (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally; memantine-treated group) or noni (5 mL/kg, intragastrically; noni-treated administered daily for 2 weeks....

Introduction Sepsis is an inflammatory reaction to bacteria involving the whole body and a significant cause of mortality economic costs. The purpose this research was determine whether tadalafil exhibits preventive effect on sepsis in septic model induced rats with cecal ligation puncture (CLP). Materials Methods Rats were randomly separated into groups, 10 each: (i) sham (control) group, (ii) untreated (iii) group treated 5mg/kg (iv) 10mg/kg tadalafil. A polymicrobial using CLP. sacrificed...

Neurosecretory cells in corpus cardiacum of insects synthesize a set hormones that are called adipokinetic, hypertrehalosaemic or hyperprolinaemic, depending on insect question. This study investigated effects chronic administration Anax imperator adipokinetic hormone (Ani-AKH), Libellula auripennis (Lia-AKH), and Phormia-Terra (Pht-HrTH) depression, anxiety, analgesy, locomotion forced swimming (FST), elevated plus-maze (EPM), hot plate, locomotor activity tests. Ani-AKH (1 2 mg/kg),...

The histopathological effects of cholesterol and the protective vitamin E selenium (Se) on renal histology were examined in Sprague-Dawley rats. Light-microscopic evaluation cortex revealed: glomerular fibrosis, cellular mesangial proliferation, capillary obliteration crystals tubular lumina cholesterol-fed group. These results suggest that oxidated LDL (O-LDL) is a cytotoxic factor which stimulates cell matrix proliferation. Ultrastructurally, small large lipid vacuolization intracapillary...

Objective To establish whether etanercept, a TNF-α antagonist, is an alternative and effective treatment on facial nerve after crush injury. Method Fifty-four rats underwent exposure of the left main trunk followed by standard Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, methylprednisolone-treated etanercept-treated group. All these groups 2 subgroups; animals sacrificed 4th day injury in first subgroup 28th second subgroup. Functional recovery vibrissae movement, eye blink...

In experimentally induced puromycine aminonucleoside nephrosis (PAN) animal models, nephrotic syndrome with minimal change disease and focal segmental sclerosis-like nephritis similar to that in human is demonstrated; however, the real mechanism of PAN not yet elucidated. Platelet derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), an mitogen protein, believed take part microvessel formation stimulation angiogenesis its expression has been totally demonstrated rats yet. this study, we aimed...

Homeopathy is a medical theory and practice that asserts disease can be cured by remedies produce symptoms in healthy person similar to those suffered patient with malady.The aim of this study was investigate effects homeopathic Anax imperator (dragonfly) (Anax-i 30c Anax-i 200c) the forced swim test (FST), elevated plus-maze (EPM) test, hot plate (HP) open field examined NPY1 receptor expression, naive mice.In FST, treatment or 200c significantly diminished immobility time while EPM...

Objective. The aim of our study is to examine the effects neonatal tactile stimulations on brain structures that previously defined as focus epilepsy in Wistar-Albino-Glaxo from Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rat with genetic absence epilepsy. Methods. In present research, morphology and density dendritic spines were analyzed layer V pyramidal neurons somatosensory cortex (SoCx) WAG/Rij rats (nonstimulated control, tactile-stimulated, maternal separated rats) healthy Wistar (nonepileptic) rats. To...

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes neurological dysfunction and cell death. Sugammadex, as a large molecule, is normally difficult to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In ischemia, molecules can into brain tissue. this study, we aimed evaluate effect of sugammadex in presence cerebral I/R damage rats with general anesthesia model sevoflurane rocuronium.

In this study, we investigated the protective effect of pentoxifilline (PTX) on smoking-induced damage in rat kidney tissues. Twenty-seven male Wistar rats were used study. Animals divided into three equal groups as follows: Group 1: control group with only normal saline (NS; 0.9% NaCl) injection for 8 weeks; 2: cigarette smoking and NS 3: PTX weeks. The sacrificed after weeks their kidneys excised histopathological analysis. Serial paraffin sections (5 µm) cut stained hematoxylin eosin...

We examined the effects of tadalafil, one phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, in a rat model with partial and complete unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).The rats were divided into groups: sham (n=6), (PUUO, n=6), PUUO tadalafil treatment (PUUO+T; Cialis, 10 mg/72 h, intragastric; Lilly, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA), (CUUO, CUUO (CUUO+T).Fifteen days after UUO, ureter presented changes layers urothelium significant infiltration inflammatory cells groups. Compared sham, groups had...

Acute acetaminophen (APAP) overdose has been shown to cause toxicity and the primary treatment medication is N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Dexmedetomidine (DEX) a sedative drug with known antioxidant properties. We researched whether DEX an injury-reducing effect on toxicity.Rats were divided into: Group I (control), II III (NAC) IV V (NAC+DEX). Histopathologic investigations of tissues performed glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) beta...

The pathogenesis and treatment of cerebral vasospasm (CV) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains a matter discussion. authors investigated the efficacy GYKI 52466, 2,3-benzodiazepine that is selective potent alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-proprionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist, in rat femoral artery model.Twenty-seven Wistar albino rats were used this study. animals divided into 3 groups 9 each: sham-operated control (group 1), group 2), vasospasm-plus-treatment 3). In 2...