Central venous catheterization is a common technique to establish rapid and temporary access for hemodialysis. However, it known risk factor Staphylococcus aureus infection bacteremia. Mupirocin topical antibiotic with high in vitro anti-staphylococcal activity. A randomized prospective trial was conducted assess the effectiveness of mupirocin ointment prevention skin catheter colonization, episodes bacteremia 136 end-stage renal disease patients. Of these, 67 received disinfection at...

Infection is the leading cause of morbidity and second mortality in patients on renal replacement therapy. The rates bloodstream infection hemodialysis vary according to type venous access used. Gram-positive bacteria are most frequently isolated blood cultures patients. This study evaluated risk factors for development infections undergoing hemodialysis. Risk associated with were investigated using a case–control conducted between January 2010 June 2013. Chronic disease who presented...

Genetic variants of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) could influence individual susceptibility to coronary artery disease.To assess whether Glu298-->Asp polymorphism the eNOS gene is associated with occurrence and severity angiographically defined disease in Italian population.Polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length analysis was done detect variant 201 patients 114 controls. The expressed by number affected vessels Duke scoring system.The frequencies Glu/Glu, Glu/Asp,...

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is highly prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it has been described as a strong predictor of mortality in the dialysis population. Because there lack information regarding cardiovascular clinical outcomes earlier stages disease, we aimed to evaluate impact CAC on events, hospitalization, nondialyzed CKD.

Background. Previous studies have reported that incubation of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) in uraemic plasma or with different haemodialysis membranes and peritoneal dialysis solutions increases apoptosis this cell type. In addition, PMN harvested from patients show a reduced ability to generate superoxide response stimuli as well impaired phagocytosis, chemotaxis degranulation. The aim the current study was investigate effect uraemia modality on function freshly non-incubated PMN.

Inflammation is a highly prevalent condition among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and it has been implicated with several metabolic derangements. Considering the harmful effect of hypermetabolism on nutritional status clinical outcomes ESRD patients, we aimed to investigate relationship between proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) energy expenditure in this population.This cross-sectional study enrolled 80 adult haemodialysis for evaluation serum IL-6 expenditure. The...

Background.Waist circumference (WC) has been well recognized as a surrogate marker of abdominal adiposity. In peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, however, aspects related to this modality, such distension, presence catheter and frequent hernia, raise questions regarding the reliability WC measurements. Herein, we investigated for first time whether is reliable adiposity in PD population.

Abstract We investigated the mechanisms of sexual selection operating on body size in one‐sided livebearer ( Jenynsia multidentata ), a small fish characterized by male dwarfism. Mating is coercive: males approach females from behind and try to thrust their copulatory organ at female genital pore. Females counter males' mating attempts either swimming away or attacking them. tested hypothesis that components favouring (sexual coercion) were more effective than those large (male competition...

This study aimed to evaluate whether resting energy expenditure (REE) of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy differs from that healthy individuals, as well investigate the factors associated with REE in this sample patients.Cross-sectional study.Dialysis Unit Nephrology Division, Federal University Sao Paulo-Oswaldo Ramos Foundation, Brazil.The examined 37 (20 males, age 44.5 +/- 13 years) PD therapy. Only older than 18 years, on for at least 3 months, without catabolic...

Abstract: Late referral (LR) to dialysis therapy has been associated with poor outcomes in people end‐stage renal disease. This had ascribed the frequent use of temporary vascular catheters (TVCs) LR patients. The effects and TVC on an incident hemodialysis population ( n = 101) were investigated. There was a higher incidence access infection, longer period hospitalization, lower survival groups, compared arteriovenous fistula early (ER) respectively. patients number hospitalizations than ER...

This study evaluates the cost of dialysis care in Brazil, including costs ambulatory and hospital admissions due to all causes cardiovascular events.Data were analyzed for 200 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on chronic hemodialysis Brazil between 2001 2004. Main end points all-cause mortality, admissions, events. Direct treatment complications computed from perspective two payers, Ministry Health (MoH) private health insurance (PHI).Mean number days hospitalization was 12 per...

Abstract It has been suggested that phosphate binders may reduce the inflammatory state of hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, it is not clear whether any effect on oxidative stress. The objective this study was to evaluate sevelamer hydrochloride (SH) and calcium acetate (CA) stress inflammation markers in HD Hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned therapy with SH (n=17) or CA (n=14) for 1 year. Before initiation (baseline) at 12 months, we measured vitro reactive oxygen species (ROS)...

Abstract: In an in vivo crossover trial, we compared a cellulosic with synthetic dialyzer respect to polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) function and apoptosis, cytokine serum levels synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC), complement activation. Twenty hemodialysis (HD) patients were assigned alternate order HD cellulose acetate (CA) or polysulfone (PS) dialyzer. After 2 weeks, crossed over the second treated for another weeks. Apoptosis was assessed flow cytometry freshly isolated PMN....

Infection is the leading cause of morbidity and second most frequent mortality among patients on renal replacement therapy. A major morbid event in this population hospitalization because infection. The aim study was to investigate risk factors for related bloodstream infection (BSI) hemodialysis. Risk BSI hemodialysis were investigated retrospectively by nested case–control, from January 2010 June 2013. Patients divided into two groups: those who progressed or death due (Group 1) developed...

Some studies have suggested that intravenous iron therapy may be associated with an increased risk of infection. We analyzed the incidence bacterial infection in 111 hemodialysis patients. Group 1 (n = 39, transferrin saturation <20%) received 10 doses 100 mg saccharate, 3 per week (28 treatment days); 2 13, 20 doses, (70 and 59, 20-50%) dose days). The follow-up was 150 days for all groups, infectious episodes were recorded. Pulmonary most frequent event observed groups. In...

Objectives This prospective study, conducted at the dialysis unit of Nephrology Division, Federal University Sao Paulo–Oswaldo Ramos Foundation, Brazil, aimed to evaluate whether waist circumference (WC) can predict adiponectin levels in patients undergoing peritoneal (PD). Methods Among 115 on PD a single center who were evaluated 6 and 12 months, 57% men, 31% had diabetes, mean age was 52.8 ± 16.1 years, body mass index 25 4.3 kg/m 2 , vintage 13 months (range: 5 – 33 months). We measured...

Abstract Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) from chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients display accelerated apoptosis and dysfunction, which may predispose CKD to infections. In this study, we investigated the effect of spermidine p‐cresol on function PMN healthy subjects. We measured apoptosis, ROS production unstimulated stimulated ( S. aureus PMA) expression CD95, caspase 3, CD11b PMN. After incubation with spermidine, did not observe any changes in viability or 3 CD95 incubated for 10...

Soluble Fas levels (sFas) are increased in the serum of uremic patients and associated with presence anemia recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) dosage dialysis patients. It is possible that sFas an need for erythropoietin (Epo) chronic kidney disease order to maintain hematocrit (Hct) levels.To investigate relationship between levels, Epo ratio Hct patients.We studied 52 predialysis (CKD; 33 M, 57 +/- 12 years, = 37 7%), 29 peritoneal (PD; 54 14 36 hemodialysis (HD; 19 47 5%) healthy volunteers...

This study showed that indoxyl sulfate, an uremic toxin present in the serum of patients with chronic kidney disease, increases oxidative stress and apoptosis human neutrophils reduces production monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) by peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). It is possible these effects caused this contribute to vascular injury endothelium decreased response infectious insults, respectively.

The repercussions of secondary hyperparathyroidism on the nutritional status chronic renal failure patients have not been well established. Therefore, aim this study was to compare indices hemodialysis with and without hyperparathyroidism. Sixteen serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels higher than 420 pg/ml (hyperparathyroidism group) were matched for gender, age length dialysis treatment 16 PTH between 64 290 (control group). following parameters assessed: anthropometric (body mass index,...