A5011495405- Christian Theology and Mission
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Religion, Society, and Development
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Biblical Studies and Interpretation
- Theology and Philosophy of Evil
- Child Welfare and Adoption
- Theological Perspectives and Practices
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Religious Tourism and Spaces
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Global trade, sustainability, and social impact
- Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- American Constitutional Law and Politics
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Media, Religion, Digital Communication
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Religion and Society Interactions
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics
University of Cambridge
2025
Center for Child and Family Health
2009-2024
Sarum College
2019-2022
Duke University
2012-2021
Duke Institute for Health Innovation
2009-2020
Durham University
2016-2018
Duke Medical Center
2000-2017
Duke University Hospital
2000-2017
University of Exeter
2015-2016
University of Arizona
2016
Background Leaders are struggling to care for the estimated 143,000,000 orphans and millions more abandoned children worldwide. Global policy makers advocating that institution-living (OAC) be moved as quickly possible a residential family setting institutional used last resort. This analysis tests hypothesis OAC aged 6–12 is associated with worse health wellbeing than community using conservative two-tail tests. Methodology The Positive Outcomes Orphans (POFO) study employed two-stage...
AIDS-related mortality among HIV-positive adolescents has risen by 50% despite the scale up of antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART maladherence likely plays a role in increase deaths and shown to be associated with psychosocial mental health difficulties. Addressing specific needs is critical ending HIV epidemic. This cross-sectional study prospectively enrolled (12–24 years) Moshi, Tanzania. A structured questionnaire was administered that included questions about home, school, adherence,...
There is growing interest in the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), poverty, and mental health low middle-income countries (LMIC). However, it not clear whether a gradient approach focused on wider SES distribution or binary poverty more salient for LMIC. Yet this distinction has implications interventions aimed at improving population health. We contribute to literature by examining how multiple indicators of status, including indicators, prenatal depression symptoms LMIC...
<h3>Importance</h3> Approximately 140 million children worldwide have experienced the death of one or both parents. These children, mostly in low- and middle-income countries, higher rates mental health problems than those who not parental death. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may improve well-being these but to our knowledge there been no randomized clinical trials specifically focused on this population. <h3>Objectives</h3> To test effectiveness trauma-focused CBT (TF-CBT) for...
This study was designed to test the feasibility and child clinical outcomes for group‐based trauma‐focused cognitive behavior therapy (TF‐CBT) orphaned children in Tanzania. There were 64 with at least mild symptoms of grief and/or traumatic stress their guardians who participated this open trial. The TF‐CBT Child Traumatic Grief protocol adapted use a group, resulting 12 weekly sessions separately conjoint activities 3 individual visits guardian. Using task‐sharing approach, intervention...
The negative effects of perinatal depression on the mother and child start early persist throughout lifecourse (Lancet 369(9556):145–57, 2007; Am J Psychiatry 159(1):43-7, 2002; Arch Dis Child 77(2):99–101, 1997; Pak Med Assoc 60(4):329; Psychosoma Res 49(3):207–16, 2000; Clin Fam Psychol Rev 14(1):1–27, 2011). Given that 10–35% children worldwide are exposed to in their first year life (Int 8(1):37–54, 1996), mitigating this intergenerational risk is a global public health priority...
Depression is one of the most prevalent, yet unrecognized but treatable mental disorders in low and middle income countries (LMICs). In such locations, screening tools that are easy-to-administer, valid, reliable needed to assist detecting symptoms depression. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) widely used depression screeners. However, its applicability community-based settings Pakistan limited by lack studies examining validity reliability settings. current study aimed demonstrate...
As antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV becomes increasingly available in low and middle income countries (LMICs), understanding reasons lack of adherence is critical to stemming the tide infections improving health. Understanding effect psychosocial experiences mental health symptomatology on ART can help maximize benefit expanded programs by indicating types services, which could be offered combination with care.The Coping HIV/AIDS Tanzania (CHAT) study a longitudinal cohort Kilimanjaro...
Background With more than 2 million children living in group homes, or "institutions", worldwide, the extent to which institution-based caregiving negatively affects development and wellbeing is a central question for international policymakers. Methods A two-stage random sampling methodology identified community representative samples of 1,357 institution-dwelling orphaned separated (OSC) 1,480 family-dwelling OSC aged 6–12 from 5 low middle income countries. Data were collected their...
This is a prospective pregnancy-birth cohort designed to investigate the effects of depression on socioemotional development children. Perinatal risk factor for poor child and many it has recurring chronic course. Thus, exposure can continue through early years with detrimental developmental outcomes.Between October 2014 February 2016, we recruited 1154 pregnant women from rural subdistrict Pakistan. Data include longitudinal repeated measures maternal psychosocial growth, cognitive...
Abstract This study examines rates of potentially traumatic events and associated anxiety emotional/behavioral difficulties among 1,258 orphaned abandoned children in 5 low‐ middle‐income countries. The quantifies the types experienced demonstrates that increase with additional exposure. As policies for are being implemented, this helps policy makers care providers recognize (a) caregivers willing to report experiences events, (b) those who such at higher risk experiencing (c) resulting...
The care and protection of the estimated 143,000,000 orphaned abandoned children (OAC) worldwide is great importance to global policy makers child service providers in low middle income countries (LMICs), yet little known about rates labour among OAC, what caregiver characteristics predict engagement work labour, or when such infers with schooling. This study examines correlates OAC associations schooling a cohort 5 LMICs. Positive Outcomes for Orphans (POFO) employed two-stage random...
Development policymakers and child-care service providers are committed to improving the educational opportunities of 153 million orphans worldwide. Nevertheless, relationship between orphanhood education outcomes is not well understood. Varying factors associated with differential attainment leave uncertain where intervene. This study examines psychosocial well-being cognitive development in a cohort abandoned children (OAC) relative non-OAC five low middle income countries (LMICs)...
The Family Connects (FC) program, a community-wide nurse home visiting program for newborns, has been shown to provide benefits children and families through the first 2 years of life. Potential longer-term outcomes child well-being remain unknown.
Trauma theology seeks to do theological justice trauma experiences and reimagine theologies in the light of such experiences. Distinct from suffering, wrestle with doctrine, scripture modes pastoral care, seeking develop life-giving narratives practices. Offering rich, nuanced profound insights, this burgeoning field has grown last 25 years draw on a wide range perspectives This article outlines development field, its primary approaches key areas discussion debate.
Objectives: To measure trauma-related distress and evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, preliminary efficacy of an 8-week yoga intervention (YI) in reducing symptoms emotional behavioral difficulties (EBD) among children living orphanages Haiti. Design: Case comparison with random assignment to YI or aerobic dance control (DC) plus a nonrandomized wait-list (WLC) group. Setting: Two for Participants: 76 age 7 17 years. Intervention: The included postures, breathing exercises, meditation....
Background A large cohort of antiretroviral therapy-naive, symptomatic, HIV-infected children were enrolled into a controlled therapeutic trial (AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 152), providing an opportunity to describe their clinical and laboratory characteristics determine age-related distinctions. Methods Study entry evaluations for 838 839 analyzed. Weight, head circumference (if <30 months age), neuroradiologic imaging the head, developmental or cognitive status neurologic...
In the face of HIV/AIDS epidemic that has contributed to dramatic increase in orphans and abandoned children (OAC) worldwide, caregiver attitudes about HIV, HIV-related stigma, are two attributes may affect caregiving. Little research considered relationship between caregiver-reported stigma. light paucity this literature, paper will describe stigma among caregivers OAC five less wealthy nations. Baseline data were collected May 2006 through February 2008. The sample included 1,480...
Mark Brett writes this latest monograph from his Australian context, acutely in tune with the legacy of colonialism general, and specific atrocities treatment Indigenous First ...
Background More than 153 million children worldwide have been orphaned by the loss of one or both parents, and millions more abandoned. We investigated relationships between health abandoned (OAC) child, caregiver, household characteristics among randomly selected OAC in five countries. Methodology Using a two-stage random sampling strategy 6 study areas Cambodia, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Tanzania, Positive Outcomes for Orphans (POFO) identified 1,480 community-living ages to 12. Detailed...
<h3>Background:</h3> Policy makers struggling to protect the 153 million orphaned and separated children (OSC) worldwide need evidence-based research on burden of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) relative risk PTEs across different types care settings. <h3>Methods:</h3> The Positive Outcomes for Orphans study used a 2-stage, cluster-randomized sampling design identify 1,357 institution-dwelling 1,480 family-dwelling in 5 low- middle-income countries (LMICs) sub-Saharan Africa Asia. We...
Introduction Early childhood interventions primarily focus on the mother–child relationship, but grandmothers are often critical in childcare low-resource settings. Prior research is mixed how grandmother involvement influences child outcomes and there a paucity of caregiving low-income middle-income countries. We examined role growth development first 2 years life cross sectionally longitudinally rural Pakistan. Methods used data from Bachpan Cohort, longitudinal birth cohort Maternally...