A5078325295- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Sodium Intake and Health
- Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
University of Pittsburgh
2007-2024
Pennsylvania State University
2010-2021
Clinical Research Management
2020
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
2020
Pittsburg State University
2018-2019
Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
2010-2016
University of Delaware
2015
Hershey (United States)
2014
University of Kentucky
2005-2010
Oregon Health & Science University
2007
Hyperinsulinemia increases sympathetic nerve activity and contributes to cardiovascular dysfunction in obesity diabetes. Neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) regulate through mono- poly-synaptic connections preganglionic neurons spinal cord. The purpose present study was determine whether PVN mediate response insulin. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps were performed α-chloralose-anesthetized, male Sprague-Dawley rats (280-420 g) by an infusion insulin (3.75 mU/kg per...
Tissue regeneration is limited in several organs including the kidney, contributing to high prevalence of kidney disease globally. However, evolutionary and physiological adaptive responses presence renal progenitor cells suggest existing remodeling capacity. This study uncovered endogenous tissue mechanisms that were activated by loss body fluid salt regulated a unique niche minority cell type called macula densa (MD). Here we identified neuronal differentiation features MD sense local...
Abstract Elevated sympathetic outflow contributes to the maintenance of blood pressure in water‐deprived rats. The neural circuitry underlying this response may involve activation a pathway from hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH) rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). We sought determine whether PVH‐RVLM projection activated by water deprivation is glutamatergic and/or contains vasopressin‐ or oxytocin‐neurophysins. Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) mRNA was detected situ...
Previous studies have reported that chronic increases in dietary salt intake enhance sympathetic nerve activity and arterial blood pressure (ABP) responses evoked from brain stem nuclei of normotensive, salt-resistant rats. The purpose the present study was to determine whether this sensitization results exaggerated ABP during activation various cardiovascular reflexes also variability. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed 0.1% NaCl chow (low), 0.5% (medium), 4.0% (high) for 14 17 days. Then,...
Renal denervation lowers arterial blood pressure (ABP) in multiple clinical trials and some experimental models of hypertension. These antihypertensive effects have been attributed to the removal renal afferent nerves. The purpose present study was define function, anatomy, contribution mouse sensory neurons a nerve-dependent model First, electrical stimulation nerves produced frequency-dependent increases ABP that were eliminated by ganglionic blockade. Stimulus-triggered averaging revealed...
The present study sought to determine whether water deprivation increases Fos immunoreactivity, a neuronal marker related synaptic activation, in sympathetic-regulatory neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Fluorogold (4%, 50 nl) and cholera toxin subunit B (0.25%, 20–30 were microinjected into spinal cord (T 1 –T 3 ) rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), respectively. Rats then deprived but not food for 48 h. Water significantly increased number Fos-positive nuclei...
The present study sought to determine whether individual neurones of the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) with axonal projections hypothalamic paraventricular (MnPO‐PVN) respond osmotic, circulating angiotensin II (Ang II), and baroreceptor stimulation. Hypertonic NaCl (0.75 or 1.5 osmol l −1 ) Ang (150 ng) was injected into internal carotid artery (ICA). Baroreceptor stimulation performed by i.v. injection phenylephrine sodium nitroprusside increase decrease arterial blood pressure,...
Increased dietary salt exaggerates arterial blood pressure (ABP) responses evoked from the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). The present study determined whether these enhanced pressor were directly attributable to a greater increase in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and balanced by responsiveness of RVLM neurons inhibitory input. Male Sprague-Dawley rats fed normal chow given access either water or 1% NaCl solution for 14 days. Injection l -glutamate (0.03, 0.1, 1.0, 3.0 nmol) into...
Hyperinsulinemia increases sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and has been linked to cardiovascular morbidity in obesity. The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) plays a key role the regulation of SNA arterial blood pressure (ABP). Many sympathoexcitatory responses are mediated by glutamatergic receptor activation within RVLM, both central renin–angiotensin melanocortin systems implicated response hyperinsulinemia. Therefore, we hypothesized that one or more these neurotransmitters RVLM...
High-salt diet elevates NaCl concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid to increase sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) salt-sensitive hypertension. The organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (OVLT) resides along rostral wall third ventricle, lacks a complete blood–brain barrier, and plays pivotal role body homeostasis. Therefore, present study used multifaceted approach examine whether OVLT neurons Sprague–Dawley rats are intrinsically sensitive changes extracellular mediate sympathoexcitatory...
The subfornical organ (SFO) plays a pivotal role in body fluid homeostasis through its ability to integrate neurohumoral signals and subsequently alter behavior, neuroendocrine function, autonomic outflow. purpose of the present study was evaluate whether selective activation SFO neurons using virally mediated expression Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Drugs (DREADDs) stimulated thirst salt appetite. Male C57BL/6 mice (12-15 wk) received an injection...
The present study sought to determine whether the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) contributes in a time-dependent manner differential patterning of lumbar and renal sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) water-deprived rats. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) both SNA (LSNA) (RSNA) were recorded simultaneously control, 24 48 h rats, PVN was inhibited bilaterally with microinjection GABA(A) agonist muscimol (100 pmol 100 nl per side). Inhibition significantly decreased RSNA rats but not...
This study determined the effect of destruction rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM)-C1 cells on integrated sympathetic and hormonal responses to hypotension or glucoprivation. Injection anti-dopamine beta-hydroxylase-saporin into RVLM resulted in 29-99% depletion RVLM-C1 neurons approximately 60% reduction number A5 neurons. As our previous unanesthetized rats, resting mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced by 10 mmHg rats with >80% compared control although heart rate (HR) did not differ...
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system contributes to pathogenesis obesity-induced hypertension. The present study sought determine whether regulatory neurons rostral ventrolateral medulla contribute elevated blood pressure in obese rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (350 425 g) were placed on a moderately high-fat diet (32% kcal as fat) or low-fat (LF) (10.6% fat). After 13 weeks, fed segregated into obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) groups based their body weight (OP:...
Increased dietary salt enhances sympathoexcitatory and sympathoinhibitory responses evoked from the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). The purpose of present study was to determine whether neurons forebrain lamina terminalis (LT) mediated these changes in RVLM. Male Sprague-Dawley rats with without LT lesions were fed normal chow given access water or 0.9% NaCl for 14 15 days. Unilateral injection l-glutamate into RVLM produced significantly larger increases renal sympathetic nerve...
Elevated NaCl concentrations of the cerebrospinal fluid increase sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in salt-sensitive hypertension. Neurons rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) play a pivotal role regulation SNA and receive mono- or polysynaptic inputs from several hypothalamic structures responsive to hypernatremia. Therefore, present study investigated contribution RVLM neurons pressor response Lateral ventricle infusion 0.15 mol/L, 0.6 1.0 mol/L (5 µL/10 minutes) produced...