A5061030930- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Radiation Effects in Electronics
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Veterinary Oncology Research
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides
- Radiation Effects and Dosimetry
- Semiconductor materials and devices
- Advanced Semiconductor Detectors and Materials
- Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
University of Lausanne
2021-2025
Institute of Radiation Physics
2021-2024
Columbia University
2019-2023
British Heart Foundation
2022
University of Leeds
2022
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
2017-2021
Rudjer Boskovic Institute
2011-2020
University of Zagreb
2015
Airborne-mediated microbial diseases such as influenza and tuberculosis represent major public health challenges. A direct approach to prevent airborne transmission is inactivation of pathogens, the antimicrobial potential UVC ultraviolet light has long been established; however, its widespread use in settings limited because conventional sources are both carcinogenic cataractogenic. By contrast, we have previously shown that far-UVC (207-222 nm) efficiently inactivates bacteria without harm...
The FLASH effect is characterized by normal tissue sparing without compromising tumor control. Although demonstrated in various preclinical models, safe translation of FLASH-radiotherapy stands to benefit from larger vertebrate animal models. Based on prior results, we designed a randomized phase III trial investigate the cat patients with spontaneous tumors. In parallel, capacity was studied mini pigs using large field irradiation.
Background Tumor hypoxia is a major cause of treatment resistance, especially to radiotherapy at conventional dose rate (CONV), and we wanted assess whether does alter tumor sensitivity FLASH. Methods We engrafted several types (glioblastoma – GBM, Head & Neck cancer, lung adenocarcinoma) subcutaneously in mice provide reliable rigorous way modulate oxygen supply via vascular clamping or carbogen breathing. irradiated tumors using single 20 Gy fraction either CONV FLASH, measured tension,...
Purpose To present the acceptance and commissioning, to define reference dose, prepare data for a quality assessment (QA) program of an ultra‐high dose rate (UHDR) electron device in order validate it preclinical animal FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH RT) experiments RT clinical human protocols. Methods The Mobetron ® was evaluated with beams 9 MeV conventional (CONV) mode 6 UHDR (nominal energy). performed according protocol company. commissioning consisted determining short‐ long‐term stability...
Abstract Heightened threats for nuclear terrorism using improvised devices (IND) necessitate the development of biodosimetry assays that could rapidly assess thousands individuals. However, radiation exposures from an IND may be complex due to mixed fields neutrons and photons (γ-rays), shielding buildings, proximity epicenter among others. In this study we utilized lipidomics analyze serum samples mice exposed various percentages X-rays a total dose 3 Gy. Triacylglycerides,...
Ultrahigh dose-rate radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) affords improvements in the therapeutic index by minimizing normal tissue toxicities without compromising antitumor efficacy compared to conventional (CONV-RT). To investigate translational potential of FLASH-RT a human pediatric medulloblastoma brain tumor, we used radiosensitive juvenile mouse model assess adverse long-term neurological outcomes.Cohorts 3-week-old male and female C57Bl/6 mice exposed hypofractionated (2 × 10 Gy, or CONV-RT) whole...
Long-term potentiation (LTP) was used to gauge the impact of conventional and FLASH dose rates on synaptic transmission. Data collected from hippocampus medial prefrontal cortex confirmed significant inhibition LTP after 10 fractions 3Gy (30Gy total) radiotherapy. Remarkably, 10x3Gy radiotherapy unirradiated controls were identical exhibited normal LTP.
Abstract Purpose To implement and validate a beam current transformer as passive monitoring device on pulsed electron medical linear accelerator (LINAC) for ultra‐high dose rate (UHDR) irradiations in the operational range of at least 3 Gy to improve dosimetric procedures currently use FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH‐RT) studies. Methods Two transformers (BCTs) were placed exit LINAC capable UHDR irradiations. The BCTs validated devices by verifying parameters consistency between nominal values...
The physico-chemical and biological response to conventional UHDR electron proton beams was investigated, along with photons. temporal structure nature of the beam affected both, at ≥1400 Gy/s 0.1 1260 found be isoefficient sparing zebrafish embryos.
The Oriatron eRT6 is a linear accelerator (linac) used in FLASH preclinical studies able to reach dose rates ranging from conventional (CONV) up ultrahigh (UHDR). This work describes the implementation of commercially available beam current transformers (BCTs) as online monitoring tools compatible with CONV and UHDR irradiations for studies.Two BCTs were measure output linac. First, correspondence between set nominal parameters those measured by was checked. Then, we established relationship...
FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) enables the delivery of ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) radiation to a tumor, increasing mean from 0.1 Gy· s−1of conventional (CONV-RT) 100 s−1and above. Animal models have demonstrated that FLASH-RT preserves healthy tissues while yielding similar tumor growth delay as irradiation. Despite promise FLASH-RT, physico-chemical and biological mechanisms underlying effect are still under investigation. Two mutually non-exclusive hypothesis been proposed could explain...
The capability of ultrahigh dose rate FLASH radiation therapy to generate the effect has opened possibility enhance therapeutic index therapy. contribution immune response frequently been hypothesized account for a certain fraction antitumor efficacy and tumor kill but yet be rigorously evaluated.
The FLASH effect has been validated in different preclinical experiments with electrons (eFLASH) and protons (pFLASH) operating at an average dose rate above 40 Gy/s. However, no systematic intercomparison of the produced by eFLASHvs. pFLASH yet performed constitutes aim present study.
This paper presents the capabilities of Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo toolkit to simulate water radiolysis with scavengers using step-by-step (SBS) or independent reaction times (IRT) methods. It features two examples application areas: (1) computing escape yield H2O2 following a 60Co γ-irradiation and (2) oxygen depletion in irradiated 1 MeV electrons.To ease implementation chemical stage Geant4-DNA, we developed user interface that helps define reactions set concentration scavengers. The first...
Abstract Background and purpose The FLASH effect expands the therapeutic ratio of tumor control to normal tissue toxicity observed after delivery ultra-high (>100 Gy/s FLASH-RT) vs. conventional dose rate radiation (CONV-RT). In this first exploratory study, we assessed whether ex-vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) could reveal long-term differences FLASH-RT CONV-RT whole-brain irradiation. Materials methods Female C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: (non-irradiated), (CONV-RT...
Higher dose rates, a trend for radiotherapy machines, can be beneficial in shortening treatment times radiosurgery and mitigating the effects of motion. Recently, even higher doses (e.g., 100 greater) have become targeted because their potential to generate FLASH effect (FE). We refer these physical rates as ultra-high (UHDR). The complete relationship between UHDR FE is unknown. But systems are needed explore further deliver clinical treatments, where indicated. Despite challenging set...
We describe a multicenter cross validation of ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) (>= 40 Gy/s) irradiation in order to bring dosimetric consensus absorbed water. UHDR refers rates over 100-1000 times those conventional clinical beams. irradiations have been topic intense investigation as they reported induce the FLASH effect which normal tissues exhibit reduced toxicity relative rates. The need establish optimal beam parameters capable achieving vivo has become paramount. It is therefore necessary...
. The primary goal of this research is to demonstrate the feasibility radiation-induced acoustic imaging (RAI) as a volumetric dosimetry tool for ultra-high dose rate FLASH electron radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) in real time. This technology aims improve patient outcomes by accurate measurements
Lipid peroxidation, a self-propagating chain reaction that oxydates lipid molecules, contributes to harmful effects of ionizing radiation. A decrease in peroxidation at higher dose rates could play role the FLASH sparing effect. We explored how induced by (> 100 Gy/s) and conventional (CONV, < 0.2 radiation depends on concentration content polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Additionally, we investigated correlation between main beam parameters characterizing pulsed electron beams, namely...
Focused MeV ion beams with micrometric resolution are suitable tools for the direct writing of conductive graphitic channels buried in an insulating diamond bulk. Their effectiveness has been shown fabrication multi-electrode ionizing radiation detectors and cellular biosensors. In this work we investigate such method electrical excitation color centers diamond. Differently from optically-stimulated light emission diamond, electroluminescence (EL) requires a high current flowing subgap...
In this work, a detailed analysis of the properties novel microdosimeter based on synthetic single crystal diamond is reported. Focused ion microbeams were used to investigate device spectropscopic as well induced radiation damage effects. A Schottky diode was fabricated by chemical vapor deposition with very thin detecting region, about 400 nm thick (approximately 1.4 μm water equivalent thickness), corresponding typical size in microdosimetric measurements. 200 × μm2 square metallic...