A5026858532- Food composition and properties
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Phytase and its Applications
- Potato Plant Research
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Proteins in Food Systems
- interferon and immune responses
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2010-2021
Agriculture and Food
2016-2021
ACT Government
2008-2015
Plant Industry
2010-2014
Sandia National Laboratories California
2012
Joint BioEnergy Institute
2012
Health Sciences and Nutrition
2012
University of California, Davis
2012
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
2012
Animal, Food and Health Sciences
2008-2011
Summary A chimeric antisense construct has been used to generate transgenic potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum L.) in which activities of both the main starch synthases responsible for amylopectin synthesis tuber (SSII and SSIII) are reduced. The properties from tubers these plants have compared with those starches activity either SSII or SSIII Starches three types plant qualitatively different each other control unaltered synthase activities, respect granule morphology, branch lengths...
Cellulose synthase-like CslF genes have been implicated in the biosynthesis of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucans, which are major cell wall constituents grasses and cereals. Seven from barley (Hordeum vulgare) can be divided into two classes on basis intron-exon arrangements. Four HvCslF mapped to a single locus chromosome 2H, region corresponding quantitative trait for grain (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan content. The other map chromosomes 1H, 5H, 7H, cases close loci Spatial temporal patterns transcription...
The inactivation of starch branching IIb (SBEIIb) in rice is traditionally associated with elevated apparent amylose content, increased peak gelatinization temperature, and a decreased proportion short amylopectin branches. To elucidate further the structural functional role this enzyme, phenotypic effects down-regulating SBEIIb expression endosperm were characterized by artificial microRNA (amiRNA) hairpin RNA (hp-RNA) gene silencing. results showed that silencing grains did not affect...
Cell walls in commercially important cereals and grasses are characterized by the presence of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucans. These polysaccharides beneficial constituents human diets, where they can reduce risk hypercholesterolemia, type II diabetes, obesity colorectal cancer. The biosynthesis cell wall (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucans Poaceae is mediated, part at least, cellulose synthase-like CslF family genes. Over-expression barley CslF6 gene under control an endosperm-specific oat globulin promoter...
Abstract Mixed-linkage glucan (MLG) is a cell wall polysaccharide containing backbone of unbranched (1,3)- and (1,4)-linked β-glucosyl residues. Based on its occurrence in plants chemical characteristics, MLG has primarily been associated with the regulation expansion due to high transient accumulation young, expanding tissues. The Cellulose synthase-like F (CslF) subfamily glycosyltransferases previously implicated mediating biosynthesis this polymer. We confirmed that rice (Oryza sativa)...
Summary Resistant starch ( RS ), a type of dietary fibre, plays an important role in human health; however, the content most modern processed starchy foods is low. Cereal starch, when structurally manipulated through modified biosynthetic pathway to greatly increase amylose content, could be food source . Transgenic studies have previously revealed requirement simultaneous down‐regulation two branching enzyme SBE ) II isoforms both located on long arm chromosome 2, namely SBEII and b ,...
Full length cDNAs encoding a second starch branching enzyme (SBE A) isoform have been isolated from potato tubers. The predicted protein has molecular mass of 101 kDa including transit peptide 48 amino acids. Multiple forms the SBE A gene exist which differ mainly in polyglutamic acid repeat at C-terminus protein. Expression mature Escherichia coli demonstrates that encodes an active SBE. Northern analysis mRNA is expressed very low levels tubers but predominant leaves. This expression...
The awn, an apical extension from the lemma of spikelet, plays important roles in seed dispersal, burial, and photosynthesis. Barley typically has long awns, but short-awn variants exist. short awn 2 (lks2) gene, which produces awns about 50% shorter than normal, is a natural variant that restricted to Eastern Asia. Positional cloning revealed Lks2 encodes SHI-family transcription factor. Allelism tests showed lks2 allelic unbranched style 4 (ubs4) breviaristatum-d (ari-d), for phenotypes...
(1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans (mixed-linkage glucans) are found in tissues of members the Poaceae (grasses), and particularly high barley (Hordeum vulgare) grains. The present study describes isolation three independent (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanless (betaglucanless; bgl) mutants which completely lack (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan all tested. bgl phenotype cosegregates with cellulose synthase like HvCslF6 gene on chromosome arm 7HL. Each has a single nucleotide substitution coding region resulting change highly...
Studies in Arabidopsis and rice suggest that manipulation of starch synthase I (SSI) expression wheat may lead to the production grains with novel structure properties. This work describes suppression SSI using RNAi technology, which leads a low level enzymatic activity for developing endosperm, abundance protein inside granules mature grains. The amylopectin fraction from suppressed lines showed an increased frequency very short chains (degree polymerization, dp 6 7), lower proportion (dp...
Interleukin-1 proteins elicit a number of biological activities, but the molecular events following formation cell surface receptor-ligand complex have not been well defined. Conversion Arg127 to Gly127 in mature human interleukin-1 beta protein reduces bioactivity by 100-fold while receptor binding affinity decreases only 25%. The results suggest that mutant IL-1 is defective activating signal transduction and indicate necessary insufficient for activity. finding features responsible...
In this study of barley starch synthesis, the interaction between mutations at sex6 locus and amo1 has been characterized. Four genotypes, wild type, sex6, amo1, amo1sex6 double mutant, were generated by backcrossing mutation present in Himalaya292 into 'high amylose Glacier'. The genotypes gave phenotypes consistent with previous studies. However, mutant yielded an unexpected phenotype, a significant increase content relative to phenotype. Amylose (as percentage starch) was not increased...
Elevated proportions of amylose in cereals are commonly associated with either the loss starch branching or synthase activity. Goami 2 is a high-amylose mutant temperate japonica rice variety Ilpumbyeo. Genotyping revealed that and Ilpumbyeo carry same alleles for IIa granule-bound I genes. Analyses proteins SSI SSIIa accumulate inside mature granules 2, which similar to extender IR36ae. However, unlike mutants, SBEIIb was still detectable 2. Detection after protein fractionation most...
The cereal cell wall polysaccharide (1-3,1-4)-β-glucan is a linear polymer of glucose containing both β1-3 and β1-4 bonds. structure varies between different cereals during plant growth development, but little known about how this controlled. cellulose synthase-like CslF6 protein an integral membrane major component the synthase. I show that single amino acid within predicted transmembrane pore domain controls structure. A new mechanism for control proposed where architecture translocation...
We report here that the human interleukin-1 beta precursor (proIL-1 beta) protein as well several (IL-1 subpeptides bind cellular receptors specifically and exhibit biological activity by stimulating proliferation of helper T-cells. IL-1 polypeptides have been synthesized in vitro translation mRNAs transcribed from plasmid vectors containing bacteriophage SP6 promoter joined to complete cDNA or deletion constructs. The quantity products was increased significantly replacing cognate...
Abstract Background The genetic diversity of six starch biosynthetic genes ( Wx , SSI SSIIa SBEI SBEIIa and SBEIIb ) in indica japonica rices opens an opportunity to produce a new variety with more favourable grain quality. However, there is limited information about the effects these gene allele combinations on structure properties. A recombinant inbred line population from cross between varieties offers opportunities combine specific alleles genes. Results allelic vs structure, functional...
Abstract The efficiency of translation alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) RNA 4, barley alpha-amylase (B alpha A) mRNA, and two chimeric mRNAs, AMV 4-B A B A-AMV 4 (in which the 5' leader sequences mRNAs were interchanged), was measured in an S30 extract from wheat germ a fractionated system could be made dependent upon initiation factor (eIF) 3, 4A, 4F, or 4G. In system, mRNA are translated much more efficiently than 4. When supplemented with high amounts purified eIF-3, eIF-4A, eIF-4F, eIF-4G, as...