A5054860356- Hepatitis C virus research
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Microscopic Colitis
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
- Ultrasound in Clinical Applications
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Pediatric Hepatobiliary Diseases and Treatments
- Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
St. James's Hospital
2015-2025
Trinity College Dublin
2000-2024
Trinity College
2018-2020
Cancer Trials Ireland
2018-2020
St James's University Hospital
2013
Nenagh Hospital
1998
University of Limerick
1998
East Carolina University
1998
Mater Misericordiae Hospital
1998
University College Cork
1994
The role of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses, restricted by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles, is recognized as highly significant in the successful clearance hepatitis C virus (HCV). frequency alleles females inoculated with HCV genotype 1b from a single source was examined for an association outcome. Class typing performed using polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers 227 female subjects: 141 had chronic infection and 86 viral clearance. Statistical analysis...
The factors that determine persistence or clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are poorly understood. CD4 T cell responses to the HCV core protein were examined in a cohort women infected with single genotype HCV. cells from HCV-infected patients secreted interferon (IFN)-γ response peptides 4 immunodominant regions protein, and these stronger persistently women. Interleukin (IL)-10 was also produced by subjects same peptides. Furthermore, core-specific clones either IFN-γ IL-10...
Virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses play an important role in the natural course of infection; however, impact certain determining clinical outcome has not been fully defined. A well-defined cohort women inoculated with HCV from a single source showed that HLA-B27 strong association spontaneous clearance. The immunological basis for this is unknown. However, finding especially significant because also shown to have protective HIV infection. We report identification restricted hepatitis C...
Hepatitis C (HCV) infection is common among injecting drug users (IDUs), yet accessing of HCV care, particularly treatment, suboptimal. There has been little in-depth study IDUs experiences what enables or prevents them engaging at every level including testing, follow-up, management and treatment processes. This qualitative aimed to explore these issues with current former in the greater Dublin area, Ireland. From September 2007 2008 interviews were conducted 36 service-users across a range...
Hepatitis C is a common infection with significant morbidity and mortality, only minority of patients successfully clear the infection. Identification factors that influence disease progression in HCV difficult owing to lack well-defined patient cohorts. However, recent evidence supports role for innate immune system virus clearance. In this study, we investigated genes their contribution unique cohort well-controlled HCV-infected patients. The Irish uniquely homogenous; were infected single...
There is an association between expression of the MHC class I molecule HLA-B27 and protection following human infection with either HIV or HCV. In both cases, has been linked to presentation a single immunodominant viral peptide epitope CD8+ T cells. If mutates HLA-B27–binding anchor this escape protective immune response, result less-fit virus that requires additional compensatory clustered mutations. Here, we sought determine whether HLA-B27–restricted HCV was similarly constrained by...
<h3>Background and aims</h3> CD8 T cells are central to the control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) although key features a successful cell response remain be defined. In cohort Irish women infected by single source, strong association between viral clearance human lecucocyte (HLA)-A*03 allele has been described, aim this study was define protective nature associated response. <h3>Methods</h3> A sequence-led approach used identify HLA-A*03-restricted epitopes. We examine with gene address likely...
Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and HIV causes significant morbidity mortality. Effective antiviral treatment is available for both. Ireland has historically been considered a low prevalence country. However, increasing inward migration diversity, this may be changing. The aim of study was to measure the community infections in Irish residents born between years 1965 1985. Anonymised residual serum samples from blood tests ordered by general practitioners tested eight hospital...
The host's immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) can result in the selection of characteristic mutations (adaptations) that enable escape this response. ability mutate at these sites is dependent on incoming virus, fitness cost incurred by mutation, and benefit escaping Studies examining viral adaptation chronic HCV infection have shown be observed population level as human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–specific polymorphisms. We examined 63 individuals with who were infected from a single...
Human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is associated with protection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infection. This protective role linked to single immunodominant HLA-B27-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitopes both infections. In order define the relative contribution of a specific epitope natural course HCV infection, we compared biological impact highly conserved genotype 1 epitope, for which has been described, corresponding region 3 that differs its sequence by...
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is endemic in prison populations, and HCV management prisons suboptimal. Incarceration a public health opportunity to target this cohort. Community peer support increases screening treatment uptake. Prison workers have the potential engagement of prisoners with services reduce stigma. This study's primary aim evaluate peer-supported as model active case finding secondary describe cascade among those infected including linkage care outcomes. An observational...
Background and aims People who inject drugs (PWID) are historically viewed as having “difficult to treat” hepatitis C disease, with perceived inferior treatment adherence outcomes, concerns regarding reinfection risk. We evaluated for differences in response Peginterferon-alfa-2a/Ribavirin (Peg-IFNα/RBV) a large urban cohort without history of remote or recent injection drug use. Methods Patient data was retrospectively reviewed 1000 consecutive patients—608 former (no injecting use 6 months...
Effective management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) relies on the application clinical risk scores. The validation scores has to date focused mainly nonvariceal UGIB groups. We aimed evaluate our and endoscopic UGIB, validate existing for a mixed patient population with high percentage variceal bleeds.Analysis included patients presenting consecutively tertiary referral university hospital. All had been admitted by emergency department undergone endoscopy. Clinical, biochemical...
Background and aims Performing endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) before retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been described to be useful in cases of suspected biliary obstruction where EUS can triage patients for ERCP. We aimed determine the diagnostic accuracy its impact on ERCP burden real clinical practice. also evaluated safety efficacy EUS+ERCP a single session. Patients methods Four hundred eighteen consecutive with but unexplained referred possible were evaluated. The value...
IntroductionData on chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection prevalence in European prisons are incomplete and impact the public health opportunity that incarceration provides.AimsWe aimed to estimate seroprevalence of untreated HCV identify associated risk factors an Irish male prison.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study involving researcher-administered questionnaire, review medical records serology.ResultsOf 422 prisoners (78.0% population) who participated study, 298 (70.6%) completed...
Recent advances in Hepatitis C therapeutics offer the possibility of cure but will be expensive. The cost treatment may partially offset by avoidance advanced liver disease. We performed a micro-costing study ambulatory healthcare utilisation patients with supplemented inpatient diagnosis related group costs. staff costs associated visit were measured and combined investigations to establish mean per consultation. An annualised estimate was produced multiplying this number consultations...
Background Hepatitis C virus infection is a major cause of nonA, nonB hepatitis worldwide. A high prevalence immunological abnormalities has been shown to occur in patients with chronic infection. Aim The aim this study was assess the development sicca syndrome cohort infected single strain virus, namely genotype 1b, and correlate viral persistence human leukocyte antigen type patients. Methods Ninety-five were used study, 32 whom polymerase chain reaction-negative 63 reaction-positive....
Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus infection is often asymptomatic, and many patients may be unaware they are infected. Community-based, birth cohort screening has been advocated to identify these patients. It estimated that 0.7–1% of individuals born between 1965 1985 in Ireland The cost-effectiveness critically dependent on the population prevalence. Aims aim determine community prevalence hepatitis 1965–1985. Methods Residual serum samples from blood tests ordered by general...
Background We initiated an emergency department (ED) opt-out screening programme for HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C (HCV) at our hospital in Dublin, Ireland. The objective of this study was to determine acceptance, yield the impact on follow-up care. Methods From July 2015 through June 2018, ED patients who underwent phlebotomy could consent testing were tested HBV HCV using approach. examined acceptance screening, linkage care, treatment viral suppression data electronic health records....