A5071499451- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Climate variability and models
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Climate change and permafrost
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- demographic modeling and climate adaptation
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Marine and environmental studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Coastal and Marine Management
Delft University of Technology
2015-2025
Utrecht University
1997-2020
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2020
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
2006-2018
State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering
2018
Committee on Climate Change
2018
University of Groningen
2018
Deltares
2018
University of Twente
2018
IHE Delft Institute for Water Education
2018
Sea-level change is often considered to be globally uniform in sea-level projections. However, local relative (RSL) can deviate substantially from the global mean. Here, we present maps of twenty-first century RSL estimates based on an ensemble coupled climate model simulations for three emission scenarios. In Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4), same were used their projections mean rise. The contribution small glaciers and ice caps calculated with a...
Sea level rise, especially combined with possible changes in storm surges and increased river discharge resulting from climate change, poses a major threat low-lying deltas. In this study we focus on specific example of such delta: the Netherlands. To evaluate whether country's flood protection strategy is capable coping future conditions, an assessment low-probability/high-impact scenarios conducted, focusing mainly sea rise. We develop plausible high-end scenario 0.55 to 1.15 m global mean...
Abstract Observations show that, in contrast to the Arctic, area of Antarctic sea ice has increased since 1979. A potential driver this significant increase relates mass loss sheet. Subsurface ocean warming causes basal ice-shelf melt, freshening surface waters around Antarctica, which leads increases sea-ice cover. With climate ongoing, future mass-loss rates are projected accelerate, affect trends. Here we investigate what extent trends influenced by freshwater flux due subsurface using a...
Abstract The effective climate sensitivity (EffCS) of models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) has increased relative to CMIP5. We explore implications this for global mean sea‐level (GMSL) change projections 2100 three emissions scenarios. CMIP6 surface air temperature are substantially higher than CMIP5, but thermal expansion not. Using these as input construct GMSL with IPCC AR5 methods, 95th percentile at only increases by 3–7 cm. Projected rates rise around increase...
Abstract Changes in ocean properties and circulation lead to a spatially non-uniform pattern of dynamic sea-level change (DSLC). The projections sea level presented the IPCC AR5 were constructed with global climate models (GCMs) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5). Since CMIP5 GCMs have relatively coarse resolution exclude tides surges it is unclear whether they are suitable for providing DSLC shallow coastal regions such as Northwestern European Shelf (NWES). One approach...
Abstract Projections of relative sea level change (RSLC) are commonly reported at an annual mean basis. The seasonality RSLC is often not considered, even though it may modulate the impacts RSLC. Here, we study seasonal differences in twenty-first-century ocean dynamic (DSLC; 2081–2100 minus 1995–2014) on Northwestern European Shelf (NWES) and their drivers, using ensemble 33 CMIP6 models complemented with experiments performed a regional model. For high-end emissions scenario SSP5–8.5, find...
An idealized model is used to study the restratification of Labrador Sea after deep convection, with emphasis on role boundary current eddies shed near west coast Greenland. The carry warm, buoyant Irminger Current water into interior. For a realistic end-of-winter state, it shown that these are efficient in restratifying convected mass interior Sea. In addition, demonstrated can balance significant portion atmospheric heat loss and thus play an important for watermass transformation
A new set of climate change scenarios for 2050 the Netherlands was produced recently. The span a wide range possible future conditions, and include variables that are interest to broad user community. scenario values constructed by combining output from an ensemble recent General Climate Model (GCM) simulations, Regional (RCM) output, meteorological observations touch expert judgment. For temperature, precipitation, potential evaporation wind four constructed, encompassing ranges both global...
Tropical beaches provide coastal flood protection, income from tourism, and habitat for flagship species. They urgently need protection erosion, which is being exacerbated by changing climate development. Traditional engineering solutions are expensive, unstable temporary solutions, often disrupt natural sediment transport. Instead, foreshore stabilization nourishment may a sustainable resilient long-term solution. Field flume ecosystem process measurements, along with data the literature,...
Abstract From 1969 to 1971 convection in the Labrador Sea shut down, thus interrupting formation of intermediate/dense water masses. The shutdown has been attributed surface freshening induced by Great Salinity Anomaly (GSA), a freshwater anomaly subpolar North Atlantic. abrupt resumption 1972, contrast, is extreme atmospheric forcing that winter. Here oceanic and data collected at Ocean Weather Station Bravo one-dimensional mixed layer model are used examine causes detail. These results...
[1] Over the period 2003–2010, upper ocean has not gained any heat, despite general expectation that will absorb most of Earth's current radiative imbalance. Answering to what extent this heat was transferred other components climate system and by process(-es) gets essence understanding change. Direct flux observations are too inaccurate assess such exchanges. In study we therefore trace these budget variations analyzing an ensemble model simulations. The analysis reveals 8-yr without...
Abstract Restratification after deep convection is one of the key factors in determining temporal variability dense water formation Labrador Sea. In subsurface, it primarily governed by lateral buoyancy fluxes during early spring. The roles three different eddy types this process are assessed using an idealized model Sea that simulates restratification season. first type, warm-core Irminger rings, shed from boundary current along west coast Greenland. All coastline, forms eddies. third...
Abstract We investigate the characteristics of sinking dense waters in North Atlantic Ocean that constitute downwelling limb Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) as simulated by two global ocean models: an eddy‐permitting model at 1/4° resolution and its coarser 1° counterpart. In line with simple geostrophic considerations, it is shown predominantly occurs a narrow region close to continental boundary both simulations. That is, regions where convection deepest do not coincide most...
Abstract Sea‐level rise and decadal variability along the northwestern coast of North Atlantic Ocean are studied in a self‐consistent framework that takes into account effects solid‐earth deformation geoid changes due to large‐scale mass redistribution processes. Observations sea land level from tide gauges GPS compared cumulative effect GIA, present‐day redistribution, ocean dynamics over 50 year period (1965–2014). GIA explains majority observed sea‐level motion trends, as well almost all...
Abstract In this paper we explore how temporal variability arises through successive bifurcations of the symmetric wind-driven double gyre circulation as lateral friction is decreased in 1.5-layer and 2-layer quasi geostrophic models. model, flow becomes unstable to symmetry breaking stationary instabilities, leading asymmetric flows. These solutions subsequently destabilize two sets barotropic oscillatory modes, introducing an intermonthly interannual time scale, respectively. solution...
This international scientific assessment has been carried out at the request of Dutch Delta Committee. The Deltacommissie requested that explore high-end climate change scenarios for flood protection Netherlands. It is a state-of–the art upper bound values and longer term projections (for sea level rise up to 2200) induced rise, changing storm surge conditions peak discharge river Rhine. comprises review recent studies, model expert opinions more than 20 leading scientists from different...
Abstract In this study, we explore the downward branch of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) from a perspective in depth space (Eulerian downwelling) as well density (diapycnal downwelling). Using an idealized model, focus on role eddying marginal seas, where dense water is formed by deep convection due to intense surface heat loss. We assess diapycnal mass fluxes take place, investigate pathways masses, and elucidate eddies. find that there are fundamental differences...
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is vitally important for regulating global climate through the redistribution of heat, salt, carbon and other tracers across latitudes, yet precise role its governing physical processes in subpolar North (SPNA) remains poorly understood. This knowledge gap significant to address, given AMOC’s sensitivity anthropogenic change potential dramatic weakening or collapse, with profound implications. Here, we adopt a three-dimensional...
The Irminger Sea is one of the few places in North Atlantic where dense water masses are formed through deep convection. Next to atmospheric forcing, wintertime convection interior can be impacted by extent restratification preceding year(s). In Sea, central basin cold contrasted Current (IC), its cyclonic boundary current that carries warm and saline waters subtropical origin. this study, we investigated potential impact IC on Sea’s area, using a high-resolution regional model...