A5085284243- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Action Observation and Synchronization
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Language, Metaphor, and Cognition
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- linguistics and terminology studies
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Categorization, perception, and language
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Face Recognition and Perception
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging
2006-2021
University College London
2006-2021
Public Health England
2021
National Institute for Health Research
2021
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
1998-2020
RTI International
2014
University College Lahore
2013
Queen's University
1996-2009
University of Cambridge
2008
Addenbrooke's Hospital
1999-2008
The cortical anatomy of 6 patients with semantic dementia (the temporal lobe variant frontotemporal dementia) was contrasted that a group age-matched normal subjects by using voxel-based morphometry, technique identifies changes in gray matter volume on voxel-by-voxel basis. Among the circumscribed regions neuronal loss, left pole (Brodmann area 38) most significantly and consistently affected region. Cortical atrophy hemisphere also involved inferolateral 20/21) fusiform gyrus. In addition,...
Two groups of male university students who had been diagnosed as dyslexic when younger, and two control subjects similar age IQ to the dyslexics, were scanned whilst reading aloud during a task where was implicit. The dyslexics performed less well than their peers on range literacy tasks strikingly impaired phonological tasks. In experiment, simple words pseudowords presented at slow pace so that accuracy equal for controls. Relative rest, both normal activated same peri- extra-sylvian...
This study demonstrates that even when subjects are instructed to perform a nonlinguistic visual feature detection task, the mere presence of words or pseudowords in field activates widespread neuronal network is congruent with classical language areas. The implication this result will process beyond functional demands task. Therefore, contrasting brain activity word task explicitly requires cognitive function which activated implicitly not necessarily isolate area interest. Furthermore,...
How does the bilingual brain distinguish and control which language is in use? Previous functional imaging experiments have not been able to answer this question because proficient bilinguals activate same regions irrespective of being tested. Here, we reveal that neuronal responses within left caudate are sensitive changes or meaning words. By demonstrating effect populations German-English Japanese-English bilinguals, suggest plays a universal role monitoring controlling use.
SummaryThe neural systems involved in hearing and repeating single words were investigated a series of experiments using PET. Neuropsychological psycholinguistic studies implicate the involvement posterior anterior left perisylvian regions (Wernicke's Broca's areas). Although previous functional neuroimaging have consistently shown activation Wernicke's area, there has been only variable implication area. This study demonstrates that area is both auditory word perception repetition but...
The meaning of a sentence differs from the sum meanings its constituents. Left anterior temporal cortex responds to sentences more strongly than unconnected words. We hypothesized that response is due this difference in (compositional semantics). Using positron emission tomography (PET), we studied four experimental conditions (2 x 2 factorial design): In one condition, subjects read normal sentences. second they grammatically correct containing numerous semantic violations (semantically...
A number of previous functional neuroimaging studies have linked activation the left inferior frontal gyms with semantic processing, yet damage to lobes does not critically impair knowledge. This study distinguishes between knowledge and strategic processes required make verbal decisions. Using positron emission tomography (PET), we identify neural correlates by contrasting decision on visually presented words phonological same words. Both tasks involve identical stimuli a central lingual...
Brain activity during reading tasks was investigated using PET. The aim to account for differences in the results of two previous studies [those Petersen et al. (Science 1990; 249: 1041–4) and Howard (Brain 1992; 115: 1769–82)] by systematically varying type task exposure duration word stimuli. Both variables strongly influenced patterns brain activity. There were three types task: (i) aloud; (ii) silently; (Hi) lexical decision on visually presented words pseudowords. Reading aloud silently...
Abstract Studies of patients with brain damage suggest that specific regions may be differentially involved in representing/processing certain categories conceptual knowledge. With regard to the dissociation has received most attention—between domains living things and artifacts—a debate continues as whether these category-specific effects reflect neural implementation directly or some more basic properties organization. The present positron emission tomography (PET) study addressed this...
Investigation of the three-generation KE family, half whose members are affected by a pronounced verbal dyspraxia, has led to identification their core deficit as one involving sequential articulation and orofacial praxis. A positron emission tomography activation study revealed functional abnormalities in both cortical subcortical motor-related areas frontal lobe, while quantitative analyses magnetic resonance imaging scans structural several these same areas, particularly caudate nucleus,...
Semantic dementia refers to the variant of frontotemporal in which there is progressive semantic deterioration and anomia face relative preservation other language cognitive functions. Structural imaging SPECT studies such patients have suggested that site damage, by inference region critical processing, anterolateral temporal lobe, especially on left. Recent functional normal participants revealed a network areas involved tasks. The present study used PET examine consequences focal damage...
<h3>OBJECTIVES</h3> Language functions comprise a distributed neural system, largely lateralised to the left cerebral hemisphere. Late recovery from aphasia after focal lesion, other than by behavioural strategies, has been attributed one of two changes at systems level: laterality shift, with mirror region cortex in contralateral assuming function(s) damaged region; or partial lesion effect, perilesional tissue support impaired language functions. Functional neuroimaging PET allows direct...
Voxel-based morphometry was used to assess the consistency among functional imaging and brain data in developmental dyslexia. Subjects, from three different cultural contexts (UK, France Italy), were same as those described a previous PET activation paper, which revealed common pattern of reduced during reading tasks left temporal occipital lobes. We provide evidence that altered observed within system is associated with density grey white matter specific regions, such middle inferior gyri...
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we found that when bilinguals named pictures or read words aloud, in their native nonnative language, activation was higher relative to monolinguals 5 left hemisphere regions: dorsal precentral gyrus, pars triangularis, opercularis, superior temporal and planum temporale. We further demonstrate these areas are sensitive increasing demands on speech production monolinguals. This suggests the advantage of being bilingual comes at expense increased...
We previously demonstrated using PET in normal subjects (Demonet et ai, Brain 1992; 115: 1753–68) that, by comparison to a reference task of monitoring for pure tones, phoneme involving two factors complexity (sequence processing and perceptual ambiguity) activated Wernicke's area Broca's area. In the present experiment, we explored respective influence these on brain activation. addition task, four tasks non-words were used with stimuli presented binaurally. These included an easy,...