A5102708023- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Physical Activity and Health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Reading and Literacy Development
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health and Lifestyle Studies
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Frailty in Older Adults
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
University of Ulster
2016-2025
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
2016-2024
Leicester General Hospital
2023-2024
Food for Health Ireland
2006-2024
University of Washington
2024
Education Authority
2023
University of Bristol
2001-2021
University of Wolverhampton
2021
Letterkenny Institute of Technology
2021
University College Cork
2017
A rhyming and short-term memory task with visually presented letters were used to study brain activity in five compensated adult developmental dyslexics. Their only cognitive difficulty was phonological processing, manifest a wide range of tasks including spoonerisms, phonemic fluency digit naming speed. PET scans showed that for the dyslexics, subset regions normally involved processing activated: Broca's area during task, temporo-parietal cortex short- term task. In contrast normal...
The development of 56 children at family risk dyslexia was followed from the age 3 years, 9 months to 8 years. In high‐risk group, 66% had reading disabilities years compared with 13% in a control group similar, middle‐class backgrounds. However, continuous, and who did not fulfil criteria for impairment performed as poorly 6 impaired on tests grapheme–phoneme knowledge. findings are interpreted within an interactive model which problems establishing phonological pathway dyslexic families...
This paper reports the literacy skills of 63 children selected as being at genetic risk dyslexia compared with 34 from families reporting no history reading impairment. Fifty-seven per cent at-risk group were delayed in development 6 years only 12% controls. The "unimpaired" not statistically different controls on most cognitive and language measures 45 months, whereas literacy-delayed showed significantly slower speech development, although they did differ nonverbal ability. Letter...
Poor cardiorespiratory fitness and low physical activity have been identified as determinants of greater arterial stiffness, a mechanism that can partially explain the association both variables with increased cardiovascular disease. However, nature these associations are not clear because mediate confound one another stiffness. This issue was therefore examined in population-based cohort young adults. Subjects included 405 men women participating an ongoing longitudinal study, Northern...
Abstract Peak bone mass is an important risk factor for the development of osteoporosis in later life. Previous work has suggested that genetic, intrauterine, and environmental factors all contribute to regulation mass, but ways which they interact with each other do so remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated relationship between peak polymorphisms vitamin D receptor (VDR), estrogen (ER) α, collagen type Iα1 (COLIA1) genes relation such as birth weight, lifestyle diet,...
The aim of the present study was to examine relationships between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor status in young adulthood (mean age = 22.5 yrs) and antecedent physical fitness activity at ages 12 15 years. data were obtained from Young Hearts Project, a longitudinal observational CVD factors representative sample people Northern Ireland. Physical measured by 20-metre endurance shuttle run, sports participation self-report recall questionnaire. examined included serum total...
Abstract Background The assumption that lifestyles formed early in life track into adulthood has been used to justify the targeting of health promotion programmes towards children and adolescents. aim current study was use data from Northern Ireland Young Hearts Project ascertain extent tracking, between adolescence young adulthood, physical activity, aerobic fitness, selected anthropometric variables, diet. Methods Males ( n 245) females 231) were assessed at age 15 y, again [mean (SD) 22...
This study explored motives and barriers to physical activity (PA) among older adults of differing socioeconomic status (SES) utilizing a self-determination theory self-efficacy framework. Focus groups ( n = 4) were conducted with 28) from two SES groups, using thematic analysis identify barriers. Integrated identified regulations and, lesser extent, intrinsic motives, evident across groups. Verbal persuasion affective physiological states emerged as prominent efficacy sources regardless...
Evidence of an association between added sugars (AS) and the risk obesity has triggered public health bodies to develop strategies enabling consumers manage their AS intake. The World Health Organisation (WHO) strongly recommended a reduction free 10% total dietary energy (TE) conditionally 5% TE achieve benefits. Despite food labelling being policy tool choice in many countries, there is no consensus on mandatory addition nutrition panel labels. An online survey was conducted explore...
Abstract A consensus workshop on low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) was held in November 2018 where seventeen experts (the panel) discussed three themes identified as key to the science and policy of LCS: (1) weight management glucose control; (2) consumption, safety perception; (3) nutrition policy. The aims were identify reliable facts LCS, suggest research gaps propose future actions. panel agreed that LCS is demonstrated by a substantial body evidence reviewed regulatory current levels even...
Although dehydration of ≥ 2% body weight (BW) loss significantly impairs endurance performance, remains prevalent among athletes and may be owing to a lack knowledge in relation fluid requirements. The aim this study was assess the hydration status university/club level ( n = 430) from range sports/activities (army officer cadet training; bootcamp cycling; Gaelic Athletic Association camogie, football hurling; golf; hockey; netball; rugby; running (sprinting endurance); Shotokan karate...
Abstract Context Emerging evidence suggests that deficiencies of folate-related B vitamins can arise with metformin treatment and are independently linked cognitive dysfunction, a comorbidity diabetes. Objective To determine the impact hyperglycemia use on relevant vitamin biomarkers outcomes in older adults. Setting Participants Community-dwelling adults (74.1 ± 8.3 years, n = 4160) without dementia, recruited to Trinity, Ulster Department Agriculture cohort study 2008 2012, were classified...
This study aimed to investigate whether the clustering of risk factors metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with stiffness central and peripheral arterial segments; these associations are similar in men women; insulin resistance low-grade inflammation mediate any such associations.Increased may explain, at least part, increased cardiovascular diabetes MetS. However, mechanisms linking MetS an incompletely understood, gender differences exist.Cross-sectional analyses data on 313 young...
Based on the theory of incentive sensitization, aim this study was to investigate differences in attentional processing food-related visual cues between normal-weight and overweight/obese males females.Twenty-six (14M, 12F) 26 adults completed a probe task an eye-tracking paradigm. Reaction times eye movements food control images were collected during both fasted fed condition counterbalanced design.Participants had greater attention towards high-energy-density compared low-energy-density...
School-based interventions may be effective at increasing levels of physical activity (PA) among adolescents; however, there is a paucity evidence on whether walking can successfully promoted to increase PA in this age group. This pilot study aimed assess the effects 12-week school-based peer-led brisk programme school-time post intervention.Female participants, aged 11-13 years, were recruited from six post-primary schools Northern Ireland. Participants randomized by school (cluster)...
Abstract Background Most adolescent girls fail to meet current physical activity guidelines. Physical behaviours track from childhood into adulthood and providing with opportunities be physically active may have health benefits beyond childhood. The effects of walking interventions on adult cardiometabolic are known, however less is understood about the potential promote in adolescents. Following Walking In ScHools (WISH) feasibility study, this definitive trial aimed evaluate effectiveness...