Background and Purpose— The cellular mechanisms of degeneration repair preceding rupture the saccular cerebral artery aneurysm wall need to be elucidated for rational design growth factor or drug-releasing endovascular devices. Methods— Patient records, preoperative vascular imaging studies, snap-frozen fundi resected after microsurgical clipping from 66 aneurysms were studied. Immunostainings markers smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype, proliferation, inflammatory subtypes TUNEL reaction...

Abstract Background and Objectives The goal of this study was to explore the feasibility magnetic resonance thermal imaging (MRTI)‐based feedback control intracerebral laser interstitial therapy (LITT), using a computer workstation 980‐nm diode interfaced an MR scanner. Study Design/Materials Methods A computer‐controlled system used produce 12 ex vivo lesions in 3 canine porcine brains 16 6 canines with diffusing tip fiberoptic applicators energies from 54 900 J. MRTI predictions damage...

Saccular cerebral artery aneurysm (SCAA) wall degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltrations associate with rupture subarachnoid hemorrhage, resulting in a devastating form of stroke. The complement system is the key mediator inflammation household processing injured tissue. We studied how activation associates SCAA to better understand pathobiology rupture.Unruptured (n = 26) ruptured 32) fundi resected after microsurgical clipping were by immunostaining for (membrane attack complex...

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility ischemic stroke detection from computed tomography angiography source images (CTA-SI) using three-dimensional convolutional neural networks.CTA-SI 60 patients with a suspected acute middle cerebral artery were randomly selected for study; 30 used in network training, and subsequent testing performed remaining patients. training based on manually segmented lesions. Cerebral hemispheric comparison CTA non-contrast (NCCT) studied as...

ABSTRACT: The possibility of stimulating the recovery spermatogenesis after irradiation using hormone treatment was tested in LBNF 1 rats. At 10 weeks with 3.5 Gy, percentage tubules showing (repopulation index) 37% rats that received no treatment. GnRH agonist (GnRH‐Ag) Zoladex or continuous testosterone markedly stimulated spermatogenesis. When GnRH‐Ag started immediately 3.5‐Gy and maintained for weeks, repopulation index 91%. an additional 6.5 without further allowed between 10‐week...

The expression of mRNAs for a transition protein (TP1) and two variants protamines (P1 P2) during rat mouse spermiogenesis was investigated using cDNA hybridization techniques. Slot-blot analyses from 1-mm segments seminiferous tubules in situ testis sections showed that the levels mRNA TP1 increased step-7 round spermatids at substage VIIb epithelial cycle, earlier than P1 P2 VIIc. all transcripts remained high steps 8-13 both species. In rat, disappeared step 14 between substages XIVa...

Management of dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) has changed during the last decades due to increased knowledge their pathophysiology and natural history as well advances in treatment modalities. The authors describe characteristics long-term outcome a large consecutive series patients with DAVFs.Altogether 251 261 DAVFs were treated 2 5 neurosurgery departments at Helsinki Kuopio University Hospitals between 1944 2006. Clinical data radiological examinations reviewed assess patients'...

The dose and time response of LBNF1, rat testis to gamma irradiation was studied with use single doses from 2.5 Gy 6.0 Gy. Germ cells were initially depleted as a result killing the radiosensitive differentiating spermatogonia. Some recovery spermatogenesis observed at 4 6 wk after indicated by repopulation tubules germ derived surviving stem Although showed additional maintained throughout 60-wk follow-up period Gy, 3.5 Gyto indices declined less than 2%. numbers Sertoli per nonrepopulating...

Abstract Purpose To evaluate MRI‐based techniques for visual guidance, thermal monitoring, and assessment during transurethral ultrasound therapy of implanted tumors in an vivo canine prostate model. Materials Methods Transmissible venereal (TVT) were grown the right lobe four dogs. High‐temperature was selectively applied to tumor‐bearing using a applicator with 180° directional heating pattern. Temperature‐sensitive MRI (MRTI) fast interleaved gradient‐echo echo‐planar (iGE‐EPI) imaging...

OBJECTIVE: Remodeling of the saccular cerebral artery aneurysm (SCAA) wall, known to be associated with rupture, might modified bioactive endovascular implants or systemic drug therapy targeted at growth factor receptors prevent rupture. The regulating SCAA wall remodeling are, however, unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunostaining for 12 receptors, and markers matrix synthesis, proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, were analyzed in 21 unruptured 35 ruptured fundi resected after...

Abstract Background and Purpose The laser‐induced thermal therapy (LITT) of cerebral tumors has conventionally been performed using Nd:YAG lasers is associated with a risk high focal temperatures potentially followed by cavitation that could result in boiling and/or explosive char. We have developed small diffusing laser fiber tips to better distribute the energy deposition computer controlled feedback system monitor prevent excess temperature buildup. In this study, we evaluated feasibility...

Abstract The stage‐dependent action of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) in the rat seminiferous epithelium was investigated microdissected 1 mm tubule segments, where precise stage cycle identified by a rapid screening method live cell squash preparations. For distinction stages I and II substages VII, new criteria were used. step 16 spermatids with assembly outer dense fibers leading to marked increase flagellar thickness used for II. form density cytoplasmic lobes 19 recognition VII....

Stage‐specific binding of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) was measured in rat seminiferous tubules. The single‐point assays over 3‐fold higher ( P < 0.05) stages XIII to I than VI VII the epithelial cycle. No difference found between equilibrium association constants (K a ) FSH XIV IV (10 ± 1.9 × 10 9 1/mol) and VIII (9.2 0.6 1/mol, mean SEM, n = 5). In another experiment, testes were dosed locally with 3 Gy 4 MV x‐irradiation selectively lower number spermatogonia. After irradiation,...

BACKGROUND: Various surgical approaches for the removal of tuberculum sellae meningiomas (TSMs) have previously been described. OBJECTIVE: To assess reliability and safety lateral supraorbital (LSO) approach to remove TSMs. METHODS: We identified all TSM patients operated on at Department Neurosurgery Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, by senior author (J.H.) using LSO between September 1997 August 2010. retrospectively analyzed clinical data, radiological findings, treatment,...

Anterior clinoidal meningiomas (ACMs) are a subgroup of accounting for less than 10% supratentorial meningiomas.To assess the reliability and safeness lateral supraorbital approach (LSO) to remove ACMs.Between September 1997 October 2009, total 73 ACM patients were operated on at Department Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, by senior author (J.H.). We retrospectively analyzed clinical data, radiological findings, surgical treatment, histology, outcome patients, discuss...

Abstract Background Multiple myeloma (MM) induces temporal alterations in bone structure, such as osteolytic lesions, which are challenging to identify through manual image interpretation. The large variation radiologists' assessments, even at expert centers, further complicates diagnosis. Automatic analysis methods, including segmentation and registration, can expedite detecting tracking these changes. Purpose This study presents an automated pipeline for accurately changes the femurs,...

ABSTRACT: Studies of protection testicular function from cyclophosphamide with hormonal pretreatment have been limited by the lack a convenient model for cyclophosphamide‐induced inactivation stem spermatogonia. In rat, mortality had prevented administration sufficient dosages to produce detectibie damage To overcome this problem, we used bone marrow transplantation and sodium 2‐mercaptoethanesulfonate (Mesna) treatment raise lethal dose 50% animals (LD 50 ) 275 >400 mg/kg body weight....

BACKGROUND: The cause of rupture intracranial aneurysms (IA) is not well understood. We previously demonstrated that loss cells from the IA wall associated with degeneration and rupture. OBJECTIVE: To investigate mechanisms mediating cell death in wall. METHODS: Snap-frozen tissue samples aneurysm fundi were studied terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining immunostaining (14 unruptured 20 ruptured), as Western blot (12 12 ruptured). RESULTS: Ruptured...

Central poststroke pain (CPSP), a neuropathic condition, is difficult to treat. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeted the primary motor cortex (M1) can alleviate but not all patients respond. We aimed assess promising alternative rTMS target, secondary somatosensory (S2), for CPSP treatment.This prospective, randomized, double-blind, Sham-controlled three-arm crossover trial assessed navigated (nrTMS) M1 and S2 (10 sessions, 5050 pulses per session at 10 Hz)....

Abstract Purpose To develop a multiplanar magnetic resonance temperature imaging (MRTI) technique based on interleaved gradient‐echo echo‐planar (EPI), verify in phantom, software tools to process and display data clinical scanner near real‐time, demonstrate feasibility monitor ultrasound thermal ablation therapy vivo. Materials Methods Temperature estimation used complex phase‐difference subtraction of the EPI MRTI indirectly measure temperature‐dependent water proton‐resonance‐frequency...

The aim was to determine if water-cooled diffusing tips could produce larger and safer (better controlled) thermal lesions than non-cooled at 980 nm. Thermal were induced in beef myocardium vitro with without water cooling using a nm diode laser various power levels. Seven intracerebral treatments performed six canines four animals having transmissible venereal tumours grown from inoculate. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRTI)-based feedback software fast, radio frequency-spoiled gradient echo...

GnRH antagonist (Nal-Glu) treatment combined with the antiandrogen flutamide was used to suppress rat spermatogenesis achieve protection of spermatogonial stem cells against anticancer drug procarbazine. Daily injections Nal-Glu alone suppressed in a dose-responsive manner. However, it necessary combine (600 micrograms/kg.day) at 20 mg/kg.day decrease testicular weight 2 weeks less than 0.6 g, level previously demonstrated sufficient protect our model system. The Nal-Glu-flutamide...

ABSTRACT: Pretreatment of rats with hormones that suppress testosterone levels and sperm production enhances the recovery spermatogenesis from stem cells after a cytotoxic insult. It is not known whether enhanced results an increase in numbers surviving or their ability to differentiate enhanced. In this study, untreated pretreated plus estradiol‐17β (T + E) were irradiated 3.5 6 Gy, was assessed at 6, 10, 20 weeks irradiation. T E pretreatment did significantly affect A spermatogonia...

The effects of FSH on stage-specific apoptosis and DNA synthesis in the adult rat seminiferous epithelium were studied vitro. Seminiferous tubular segments from stages I, V, VIIa, VIII-IX cultured for 24, 48, 72 h different concentrations FSH. Apoptotic cells detected by situ end labeling strands quantified squash preparations. After 48 culture, a concentration 2 ng/ml prevented early (steps 1-3) spermatids. In stage tubules h, decreased pachytene spermatocytes. An apoptotic type cell death...