A5009725511- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Gut microbiota and health
- RNA Research and Splicing
- RNA modifications and cancer
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- CNS Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Meningioma and schwannoma management
Fujita Health University
1990-2025
National Institute of Genetics
2018-2025
Research Organization of Information and Systems
2018-2025
Kyorin University
2015-2024
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI
2018-2024
Fujita Health University Hospital
2020-2024
Wako University
2022
Keio University
2008-2021
The University of Tokyo
2013-2019
Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center
2019
In Drosophila, repeat-associated small interfering RNAs (rasiRNAs) are produced in the germ line by a Dicer-independent pathway and function through PIWI subfamily of Argonautes to ensure silencing retrotransposons. We sequenced associated with member AGO3. Although other members PIWI, Aubergine (Aub) Piwi, rasiRNAs derived mainly from antisense strand retrotransposons, AGO3-associated arose sense strand. Aub- Piwi-associated showed strong preference for uracil at their 5' ends, adenine...
In Drosophila , Piwi (P-element-induced wimpy testis), which encodes a protein of the Argonaute family, is essential for germ stem cell self-renewal. has recently been shown to be nuclear involved in gene silencing retrotransposons and controlling their mobilization male germline. However, little known about molecular mechanisms Piwi-dependent silencing. Here we show that endogenous immunopurified from ovary specifically associates with small RNAs 25–29 nucleotides length. Piwi-associated...
Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) consist of a germline-specific group small derived from distinct intergenic loci in the genome. piRNAs function silencing selfish transposable elements through binding with PIWI subfamily proteins Argonautes. Here we show that Drosophila are 2′- O -methylated at their 3′ ends. Loss Pimet (piRNA methyltransferase), homolog Arabidopsis HEN1 methyltransferase for microRNAs (miRNAs), results loss -methylation fly piRNAs. Recombinant shows single-stranded RNA...
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a large family of 21- to 22-nucleotide non-coding RNAs that interact with target mRNAs at specific sites induce cleavage the message or inhibit translation. miRNAs excised in stepwise process from primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) transcripts. The Drosha-Pasha/DGCR8 complex nucleus cleaves pri-miRNAs release hairpin-shaped precursor (pre-miRNAs). These pre-miRNAs then exported cytoplasm and further processed by Dicer mature miRNAs. Here we show Drosophila Dicer-1 interacts...
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) protect genome integrity from transposons. In Drosophila ovarian somas, primary piRNAs are produced and loaded onto Piwi. Here, we describe roles for the cytoplasmic Yb body components Armitage in somatic piRNA biogenesis. binds to Piwi is required localizing into bodies. Without or Yb, freed does not enter nucleus. Thus, loading nuclear entry. We propose that a functional Piwi-piRNA complex formed inspected bodies before its entry exert transposon silencing.
Growing evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate various developmental and homeostatic events in vertebrates invertebrates. Osteoblast differentiation is a key step proper skeletal development acquisition of bone mass; however, the physiological role non-coding small RNAs, especially miRNAs, osteoblast remains elusive. Here, through comprehensive analysis miRNAs expression during differentiation, we show miR-206, previously viewed as muscle-specific miRNA, regulator this process....
The prognostic impact of TERT mutations has been controversial in IDH-wild tumors, particularly glioblastomas (GBM). controversy may be attributable to presence potential confounding factors such as MGMT methylation status or patients' treatment. This study aimed evaluate the on patient outcome association with various a large series adult diffuse gliomas. We analyzed total 951 gliomas from two cohorts (Cohort 1, n = 758; Cohort 2, 193) for IDH1/2, 1p/19q, and promoter status. combined...
Genetic studies have shown that Aubergine (Aub), one of the Piwi subfamily Argonautes in Drosophila, is essential for germ cell formation and maintaining fertility. aub mutations lead to accumulation retrotransposons ovaries testes, Stellate transcripts testes. Aub associates with a variety Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) derived from repetitive intergenic elements including retrotransposons. Here we found testes also various kinds piRNAs. Although Aub-associated piRNA populations are quite...
Substantial increases in the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway metabolites, l-kynurenine and neurotoxin quinolinic acid, occur human brain, blood systemic tissues during immune activation. Studies vitro have shown that not all cells are capable of synthesizing quinolinate. To investigate further mechanisms limit quinolinate production, activities kynurenine enzymes ability different to convert intermediates into were compared. Stimulation with interferon gamma substantially increased indoleamine...
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is induced by interferon (IFN)-gamma-mediated effects of the signal transducer and activator transcription 1alpha (STAT1alpha) regulatory factor (IRF)-1. The induction IDO can also be mediated through an IFN-gamma-independent mechanism, although mechanism has not been identified. In this study, we explored whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or several proinflammatory cytokines induce via LPS requires STAT1alpha IRF-1 signaling pathways. was IFN-gamma in...
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the L-tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, which converts an essential amino acid, L-tryptophan, to N-formylkynurenine. It has been speculated that IFN-γ dominant IDO inducer vivo. The present study used or TNF-α gene-disrupted mice and antibody-treated demonstrate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic largely dependent on rather than IFN-γ. IFN-γ-independent induction was also demonstrated vitro with LPS-stimulated monocytic THP-1...
Mechanisms for increased levels of quinolinic acid (QUIN) following systemic immune stimulation were investigated.In gerbils, administration pokeweed mitogen (PWM) plasma and cerebrospinal fluid QUIN levels, while kynurenic decreased unchanged.PWM also the concentrations brain tissues.In slices spleen, lung, liver, duodenum, kidney, PWM caused marked increases in ['3C6]QUIN formation from L-[1sC6]tryptophan (but not [13C6]anthranilic acid).PWM excretion urine enhanced ["C6]QUIN an...
The Piwi-piRNA (PIWI-interacting RNA) complex (Piwi-piRISC) in Drosophila ovarian somatic cells represses transposons transcriptionally to maintain genome integrity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we reveal that DmGTSF1, a homolog of gametocyte-specific factor 1 (GTSF1) (which is required for transposon silencing mouse testes), necessary Piwi-piRISC repress target and neighboring genes. DmGTSF1 depletion affected neither piRNA biogenesis nor nuclear import...
The Transgenic RNAi Project (TRiP), a Drosophila melanogaster functional genomics platform at Harvard Medical School, was initiated in 2008 to generate and distribute genome-scale collection of RNA interference (RNAi) fly stocks. To date, it has generated >15,000 As this covers most genes, we have largely transitioned development new resources based on CRISPR technology. Here, present an update our libraries publicly available stocks, focus the TRiP-CRISPR overexpression (TRiP-OE) knockout...
Quinolinic acid (QUIN), kynurenic (KYNA) and L-kynurenine (L-KYN) are neuroactive kynurenine pathway metabolites that accumulate in inflammatory neurological diseases. These increases were attributed to the induction of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), enzyme converts L-tryptophan into L-KYN. Direct conversion QUIN by brain tissue occurs conditions CNS inflammation, but not normal tissue. To investigate whether increased activity enzymes distal IDO may determine L-KYN QUIN, rhesus macaques...
ABSTRACT l -Tryptophan degradation by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) might have an important role in gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-induced antimicrobial effects. In the present study, effects of Toxoplasma gondii infection on IDO were investigated using wild-type and IFN-γ-gene-deficient (knockout) (IFN-γ KO) mice. C57BL/6J mice, enzyme activities mRNA levels for both lungs brain markedly increased lung -tryptophan concentrations dramatically decreased following T . infection. contrast, these...
Small RNAs mediate gene silencing by binding Argonaute/Piwi proteins to regulate target RNAs. Here, we describe small RNA profiling of the adult testes Callithrix jacchus , common marmoset. The most abundant class in testis was piRNAs, although 353 novel miRNAs but few endo-siRNAs were also identified. MARWI, a marmoset homolog mouse MIWI and very PIWI testes, associates with piRNAs that show characteristics pachytene piRNAs. As other mammals, are derived from conserved clustered regions...