Exposure to direct solar radiation, high ambient temperature, lack of wind movement, coupled with own metabolic heat production, makes grazing dairy cows vulnerable stress. In pastures, it would be beneficial monitor stress by observable changes in behaviour. We hypothesised that exhibit behavioural due increasing load temperate climate. Over two consecutive summers, 38 full-time Holstein were investigated 12 experimental periods up 3 days where the repeatedly exposed various levels moderate...

The aim of the study was to investigate complete substitution imported soybean meal in beef cattle diets and consequences on performance, meat, adipose tissue quality. Thirty growing crossbred Limousin bulls, with an initial bodyweight 164 ± 13 kg 4.3 0.3 months age, were fed a grass/maize-silage based diet little additional concentrate (0.5:0.3:0.2). Concentrates contained either (positive control), faba beans, pumpkin seed cake, or spirulina (Arthrospira platensis), resulting about 226 g...

This study is the first to quantify effects of hazel (Corylus avellana) leaves on methane and urinary nitrogen emissions, digestibility, energy balance ruminants. Four experimental pellets were produced with 0, 30% 60% leaves, latter also 4% polyethylene glycol. Hazel gradually replaced lucerne. The diet was composed grass hay (80%: 20%). Six adult sheep allocated all four treatments in a 6 × 4 crossover design. Including did not affect feed intake, but it decreased apparent digestibility...

Various feeds for ruminants have been identified that help to mitigate the greenhouse gas methane. However, even when there has success in suppressing absolute methane emissions, intake, digestibility, and performance often decline parallel. Ideal dietary levels of effective would reduce production without affecting performance-related variables. Such favorable associative effects demonstrated vitro by combining a high-quality forage with plants rich phenols. In present study, tannin-rich...

Abstract Although cattle are the mammalian species with most global biomass associated a huge impact on our planet, their immune system remains poorly understood. Notably, bovine has peculiarities such as an overrepresentation of γδ T cells that requires particular attention, specifically in infectious context. In line 3R principles, we developed ex vivo platform to dissect host–pathogen interactions. The experimental design was based two independent complementary readouts: firstly, novel...

Pomaces are food industry by-products and may serve as animal feed to increase sustainability of meat milk production. The aim the present study was evaluate fermentation characteristics dried fruit vegetable pomaces in a short-term vitro experiment using Hohenheim Gas Test. A selection six (apple, aronia, orange, pomegranate, red, white grape) three (beetroot, carrot, tomato) tested concentrations (150, 300, 500 g kg-1 dry matter (DM)) supplement basal diet (hay, used control). Three runs...

This study investigated the effects of acacia (extract Acacia mearnsii) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) as condensed tannin (CT)-rich sources on ruminal manure methane (CH4) emissions in comparison with non-CT silages characterized by different contents cell wall water-soluble carbohydrates. In a 3 × 6 incomplete Latin square design, 30 Holstein cows (63 ± 23 d milk; mean SD; 33.8 7.6 kg milk per day, body weight 642 81 kg) were provided ad libitum access to 1 total mixed rations...

Plant secondary compounds (PSC) are prevalent in many woody, temperate-climate plant species and play a crucial role dietary attempts to mitigate methane emissions ruminants. However, their application requires sufficient palatability feeding value. In the present study, leaves from silver birch (Betula pendula), hazel (Corylus avellana), blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum), green grape vine (Vitis vinifera) herbs rosebay willow (Epilobium angustifolium) wood avens (Geum urbanum) were tested various...

To investigate dietary influences on the volatilome, volatile subcategory of metabolome, we performed a comparative untargeted volatilome analysis exhaled breath, ruminal fluid, serum, urine, and milk from lactating Holstein cows fed different diets. Thirty-two (79.4 ± 31.3 d in [DIM], 30.6 4.83 kg milk/d) were assigned to 4 The experiment lasted 16 weeks. Throughout experiment, half animals hay-based diet (HAY; n = 16), other silage-based (SIL; 16). In experimental wk 5 12, each group...

In this study, in vitro ruminal fermentation, anti-methanogenesis, and ammonia formation of two autotrophic algae [Nannochloropsis gaditana (NG), Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT)], one heterotrophic alga [Schizochytrium sp. (SS)] were investigated. The experimental diets consisted a hay-concentrate basal diet (BD; 200 mg dry matter) supplemented with (1) no (just BD), (2) 40 dried NG (BD + NG), (3) PT PT), (4) 14 SS. total, 48 samples (four algal treatments × replicates three runs cows)...

Abstract Due to seasonal changes in the quality and quantity of herbage, nutrient supply grazing dairy cows is not always sufficient, which may increase their metabolic load. To investigate temporal pattern behavioural relation concomitant alterations, we subjected 15 multiparous early lactating Holstein (24 ( SD 7.4) days milk) a short‐term challenge, provoked by abruptly withdrawing concentrate for 1 week. Cows grazed full‐time were supplemented with experimental week EW ) 3, whereas was...

Exhaled breath offers an interesting matrix of low invasive sampling potentially relevant information about the organism's metabolism in form volatile organic compounds (VOC). The VOC can be exhaled by ructus (Islam et al., 2023) or passed blood-lung barrier for expiration through lungs. In this work, we consider as a mixture derived from lungs and upper gastrointestinal tract. However, informative value ruminants remains largely unstudied. aim study was to identify that could used assess...

Periparturient hypocalcaemia is a widespread metabolic disorder in dairy cows. Clinical and subclinical cases occur primarily multiparous (Multi) cows, but have also been reported primiparous (Primi) A preventive strategy was investigated by administering the physiologically active vitamin D3 metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 1,25(OH)2D3) as rumen bolus. The bolus contained tablets of 1,25(OH)2D3 glycoside extract from Solanum glaucophyllum (SGE), releasing...

ABSTRACT Although cattle are the mammalian species with most global biomass associated a huge impact on our planet, their immune system remains poorly understood. Notably, bovine has peculiarities such as an overrepresentation of γδ T cells that requires particular attention, specifically in infectious context. In line 3R principles, we developed ex vivo platform to dissect host-pathogen interactions. The experimental design was based two independent complementary readouts: firstly, novel...

Various feeds have been identified which are effective in mitigation of noxious gases from ruminant husbandry. This list includes a number tanniferous plants, the intake may, however, be small due to low palatability and tannins may also adversely affect performance animals. Previous studies indicated that hazel leaves contain substantial amounts methane urinary N properties, but still seem palatable. In present study, complete energy balances were established 20 dairy cows receiving pellets...