Abstract Understanding the effects of climate variability and reservoir operation on runoff is important for shipping, irrigation water supply services, especially during extreme drought years. After Three Gorges Dam (TGD) began, discharge processes in mid-lower reaches Yangtze River were completely different from those pre-dam period. The measured hydrological data Mike 11-HD model used to estimate contributions TGD variation results are as follows: under drought, special phenomenon a...

Abstract. The detailed formation mechanism of an increased number haze events in China is still not very clear. Here, we found that reduced surface visibility from 1980 to 2010 and increase satellite-derived columnar concentrations inorganic precursors 2002 2012 are connected with each other. Typically, higher mass fractions lead aerosol water uptake light-scattering ability elevated relative humidity. Satellite observation NO2 SO2 showed during the study period. Our situ measurement...

Concerns have been raised globally regarding the long-term effects of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to investigate impact long COVID on health patients recovering from acute COVID-19 in China. We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey 1 February 9 March 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used understand differences utility values between individuals with and without COVID. Factors associated health-related quality life (HRQoL) were determined...

Abstract This paper introduces the DISRELCUB (Direct In- situ Study of REsidual Layer Chemistry in Urban Beijing) experiment conducted on roof CITIC (China International Trust and Investment Corporation) Tower, which stands 528 m above ground urban Beijing. The aim is to directly study in-situ residual layer chemistry its influence air quality surface. experiments were performed during March-April 2022 2024, respectively. For first time, we can present a picture nano-particle formation...

This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationship between menopause status and attitude toward menopause, also its with quality of life (QoL) Chinese midlife women in Hong Kong.Hong Kong aged 40 59 years were recruited through computer-generated random telephone dialing. Information was obtained interviews based on a structured questionnaire. Women classified into 3 groups: premenopausal, perimenopausal, postmenopausal. Menopause Belief Scale Utian Quality Life used measure...

The burden of disease caused by tobacco use is a grave public health concern in China. Preventing smoking initiation among adolescents will lower the prevalence adult later. Surveillance helps set priorities developing control policies. We aim to ascertain and differences cigarette across sex, grade, region middle high school students 2019 associated changes from 2013-14 students.Using multistage stratified cluster-randomized sampling design with national provincial representativeness, we...

The water level in the Yangtze River has significantly changed due to effects of varied precipitation and dam operations, which have exerted significant on irrigation, navigation, ecosystems. Based measured data proposed calculation method, we analyzed adjustment mechanisms seasonal whole River. results were as follows. During dry season, rising operation both increased upper reaches from Jianli Datong stations during 1981–2014. Moreover, operations dominant factor (except at station). In...

Abstract Allocations of water discharges between dry and flood seasons along the Yangtze River have significantly homogenized during past decades, mainly due to precipitation change, regulation key hydraulic works on mainstream like Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), construction numerous dams scattered in sub-basins. To reveal specific roles these three major factors changing seasonal whole River, this paper analyzes daily 1961–2014 at 16 hydrological stations from far upper reach (the...

金沙江下游4个梯级水电站总装机容量相当于两座三峡水库，是“西电东送”中部地区的源头工程，工程效益发挥对经济社会发展意义重大。2012年以来，向家坝、溪洛渡、乌东德和白鹤滩电站等陆续蓄水运行，层层拦截金沙江的泥沙，2013—2020年向家坝出库年输沙量均值下降至152万t，减幅超过99%。大量泥沙淤积在梯级水库内，同时向家坝以下河道发生长距离冲刷。本文以自金沙江下游工程筹建以来的观测资料为基础，针对梯级水库的泥沙淤积和坝下游河道冲刷规律开展研究，结果表明：金沙江下游四个梯级电站自建成运行至2020年底，累计淤积泥沙约5.98亿m³，其中溪洛渡库区淤积量占比达92.5%，2013—2020年溪洛渡和向家坝水库排沙比分别为2.64%和22.2%，其水库泥沙主要淤积在常年回水区的干流河道内，以死库容内淤积为主，侵占有效库容的比例小于1.3%。金沙江下游库区干流河道的峡谷特征明显，淤积多表现为主河槽的平铺式淤高。溪洛渡和向家坝库区淤积的泥沙沿程分选特征明显，越靠近坝前，中数粒径减小、细颗粒泥沙沙量百分数增加，极细颗粒泥沙会在库区一定范围内大量沉积。向家坝下游河床普遍冲...

Background There is an ongoing debate about whether e-cigarettes act as a gateway to tobacco smoking or contribute cessation, and relevant studies are limited among Chinese adolescents. This cross-sectional study therefore aimed explore the relationship between e-cigarette use susceptibility product high school students. Methods The population comprised 107,633 never smokers 19,377 former smokers, generated from 2019 China National Youth Tobacco Survey. primary independent variables of...

Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main public health concern worldwide. With rapid economic development and changes in lifestyles, burden of NCDs China is increasing dramatically every year. Monitoring a critical measure for control prevention. However, because lack regional representativeness, unsatisfactory data quality, inefficient sharing utilization, existing surveillance systems surveys cannot track status transition epidemic. Objective To efficaciously...

以三峡工程为核心的梯级水库群联合调度运用显著改变水沙条件,坝下游河段出现长时间、长距离的冲淤调整,长江中下游沙量平衡分析是合理评估水库群修建对河道影响的重要依据,是河湖管理与保护的关键支撑.本文基于长时间序列原型观测资料,采用沙量平衡法分析长江中下游不同时空尺度泥沙沿程恢复特征,对比断面地形法计算结果,结合河道空间区域性特征,从临底悬沙测验误差、断面代表性及断面间距、河道采砂等多角度深入揭示两种方法计算冲淤量产生差异的主要原因.结果表明:(1)2003—2018年宜昌至大通河段冲刷泥沙10.76亿t,其中粒径d<0.125...

It is well-known that secondhand smoke exposure in childhood or adolescence positively associated with morbidity and mortality. However, less known about the current status of most recent trends among adolescents China.We aimed to assess changes prevalence China using nationally representative data.We used data from 2 repeated national cross-sectional surveys conducted 2013-2014 2019. A total 155,117 students (median age 13.5 years) 147,270 13.1 2019 were included this study....

Since 2015, the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) has measured progress in achieving health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) annually worldwide. Little is known about status and attainment indicators non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by 65 countries from Belt Road Initiative (BRI) proposed China 2013.Data GBDs were used to estimate 24 NCD-related SDG BRI 1990 2017. Each indicator was scored 0 100 compare multiple over study period. The natural log annual change each location...

Abstract The influence of soil moisture (SM) on atmospheric precipitation has been extensively studied, but few these studies have considered the role land‐atmosphere (L‐A) coupling in afternoon events (APEs) at a sub‐daily timescale. Here, using in‐situ observations and reanalysis data sets, we investigated effect anomaly (SMA) warm seasons' North China Plain (NCP), identified as strong L‐A region. APEs were separated from all NCP during seasons 2010–2019. It follows comparative analysis...

三峡工程运行后长江中下游河道洲滩普遍冲刷萎缩，航道条件极不稳定.为探究影响洲滩演变的主控因素，采用近期水文、泥沙和地形观测资料，以下荆江铁铺水道广兴洲边滩为例，分析了边界条件、水沙过程及整治工程等因素对洲滩调整特征的影响程度.结果表明：洲滩组成中的细沙（0.125 mm<d<0.25 mm）占比较大，抗冲性较弱，是滩体冲刷的前提条件.三峡工程运行后广兴洲边滩年际间呈冲刷萎缩趋势，水沙条件变化是洲滩变形的主导因素，滩体冲淤变化与漫滩流量（Q>15000 m³/s）有一定关系，其持续时间越长，一般表现为滩体面积越小；汛期悬移质分组沙输移过程中，细沙的大幅减少导致边滩萎缩明显，其影响程度比漫滩流量更大.滩体冲淤变形特征与前3年漫滩流量下平均水流冲刷强度的相关性最好.守护工程实施后，漫滩流量下平均水流冲刷强度仍然较大，但滩体后退趋势得以抑制且小幅淤积，工程效果得以充分发挥.;After the operation of Three Gorges Project (TGP), sandbars in middle and lower reaches Yangtze...

Abstract. The detailed formation mechanism of increased number haze events in China is still not very clear. Here, we found that reduced surface visibility and an increase satellite derived columnar concentration inorganic precursor concentrations are connected with each other. Typically higher mass fractions lead to aerosol water uptake light scattering ability elevated relative humidity. Satellite observation precursors NO2 SO2 showed during study period. Our in-situ measurement chemical...

We aimed to analyse the impact of elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels on mortality and life expectancy among ≥25 yr adults in municipality Ningbo, China.The death cause data were collected from Internet-based Comprehensive Chronic Disease Surveillance System Zhejiang Province 2015, SBP level obtained Ningbo Adult survey. According comparative risk assessment theory, population attributable fraction (PAF) by gender urban-rural regions has been calculated. The deaths loss due...

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of patients with diabetic oculopathy in a population based health information platform Ningbo area. Methods Two databases including diabetes mellitus database and between 2011 2015 were matched, merged analyzed. The all types complicated compared. correlation analyses conducted using multivariate Logistic regression method. Results There 207 425 cases altogether, among which 21 626 (10.43%) diagnosed oculopathy. 196 221...