A5038486023- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Global Health Care Issues
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Gun Ownership and Violence Research
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- Innovation and Knowledge Management
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing
- ICT Impact and Policies
- Taxation and Compliance Studies
- University-Industry-Government Innovation Models
- Higher Education Governance and Development
- Social Capital and Networks
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
2015-2022
Boston University
1998-2014
Center for Economic and Policy Research
2009
Tel Aviv University
2009
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
2008
Pew Charitable Trusts
2008
Harvard University
1998-2005
Massachusetts General Hospital
2004
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2004
Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center
2004
Small-world networks have attracted much theoretical attention and are widely thought to enhance creativity. Yet empirical studies of their evolution evidence benefits remain scarce. We develop exploit a novel database on patent coauthorship investigate the effects collaboration innovation. Our analysis reveals existence regional small-world structures emergence disappearance giant components in networks. Using statistical models, we test fail find that structure (cohesive clusters connected...
We examined the relationship between levels of household firearm ownership, as measured directly and by a proxy-the percentage suicides committed with firearm-and age-adjusted homicide rates at state level.We conducted negative binomial regression analysis panel data from Centers for Disease Control Prevention's Web-Based Injury Statistics Query Reporting Systems database on gun ownership across all 50 states during 1981 to 2010. determined fixed effects year, accounted clustering within...
Little is known about brand-specific alcohol consumption among underage youth, as existing information collected at the level of alcoholic beverage type. This study identifies brands consumed by a nationally representative sample youth in United States.We obtained national 1,032 aged 13 to 20, using pre-recruited Internet panel maintained Knowledge Networks. Youth 18 20 were recruited directly from via email invitation. Teens 17 identified asking adult panelists identify member their...
Objectives. We examined the relationship between gun ownership and stranger versus nonstranger homicide rates. Methods. Using data from Supplemental Homicide Reports of Federal Bureau Investigation’s Uniform Crime for all 50 states 1981 to 2010, we modeled rates as a function state-level ownership, measured by proxy, controlling potential confounders. used negative binomial regression model with fixed effects year, accounting clustering observations among using generalized estimating...
In 1998, the attorneys general of 46 states signed a Master Settlement Agreement with four largest tobacco companies in United States. The agreement prohibits advertising that targets people younger than 18 years age.We analyzed trends expenditures for 15 specific brands cigarettes and exposure young to cigarette 38 magazines between 1995 2000. We defined as "youth" if they were smoked by more 5 percent smokers 8th, 10th, 12th grades 1998; all others considered be "adult" brands. classified...
Small world networks have attracted much theoretical attention and are widely thought to enhance creativity. Yet empirical studies of their evolution evidence benefits remain scarce. Using patent co-authorship data, we explore regional small-world structures investigate the emergence disappearance giant components in collaboration networks. We test idea that small structure (cohesive clusters connected by occasional non-local ties) shorter path lengths improve innovative productivity within...
Since many states are considering gun control laws, researchers need reliable data on rates of ownership at the state level. Survey measures in all 50 states, however, only available for 3 years, and no state-level have been collected since 2004. Consequently, National Research Council has declared development a valid proxy that can be constructed from accessible, annual, to priority. While such does exist (the proportion suicides committed using (FS/S), its correlation with estimates recent...
Context.-Understanding the relationship between cigarette advertising and youth smoking is essential to develop effective interventions.Magazine accounts for nearly half of all expenditures.Objective.-Toinvestigate whether brands popular among adolescent smokers are more likely than adult advertise in magazines with high readerships.Design.-Cross-sectional analysis 1994 data on (1) presence by 12 a sample 39 US magazines; (2) (ages 12-17 years), young 18-24 total readership each...
Determining the relationship between gun ownership levels and firearm homicide rates is critical to inform public health policy. Previous research has shown that state-level ownership, as measured by a widely used proxy, positively associated with rates. A newly developed proxy measure incorporates hunting license rate in addition proportion of suicides correlates more highly ownership. To corroborate previous research, we this new estimate association total, firearm, non-firearm homicides....
Background: Marketing is increasingly recognized as a potentially important contributor to youth drinking, yet few studies have examined the relationship between advertising exposure and alcohol consumption among underage at brand level. Objectives: To examine brand-specific prevalence of each in national sample drinkers. Methods: We analyzed population-level ages 12–20 magazines television programs 30-day – by drinkers 13–20. Underage for month 2011, measured gross rating points (GRPs,...
The objective of the study described in this article was to examine association between state cigarette excise taxes and smoking behaviors among youth United States. A survey nationally mailed adolescents Growing Up Today Study, an ongoing cohort offspring participants Nurses' Health Study II. volunteer sample 10,981 adolescent boy girl participated who were 12 18 years old 1999. Logistic regression used relationship (in quartiles) experimentation (ever smoked) established (smoked at least...
We measure the three components of velocity dispersion, σR, σθ, σϕ, for stars within 6 < R 30 kpc Milky Way using a new radial sample from MMT telescope. combine our measurements with previously published data so that we can more finely stellar halo. use maximum likelihood statistical method estimating mean velocities, dispersions, and covariances assuming only velocities are normally distributed. The alignment ellipsoid is consistent spherically symmetric gravitational potential. From...
The authors investigated the relationship between state excise taxes and liquor prices in 8 states, using 2012 data for 45 brands. made 6042 price observations among 177 stores with online prices. Using a hierarchical model, examined product State were significantly related to prices, an estimated pass-through rate of 0.93. proportion accounted by averaged 7.0%. find that do increase alcohol, but states are not taking advantage this opportunity reduce alcohol-related morbidity mortality.
<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To estimate the potential exposure of black adolescents to brand specific advertising in magazines. <h3>DESIGN</h3> A probit regression analysis was conducted pooled 1990 and 1994 data on 36 popular US magazines examine relationship between presence or absence each magazine for 12 cigarette brands, proportion magazine9s youth (ages 12–17 years) readers who were black. <h3>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES</h3> The 1994, brands. <h3>RESULTS</h3> After controlling total readership...
Background The question of whether underage youth are disproportionately exposed to alcohol advertising lies at the heart public health debate about restrictions on warranted. aim this study was determine brands popular among (ages 12 20 years) drinkers ("underage brands") more likely than others ("other advertise in magazines with high readerships. Methods We analyze 680 49 between 2006 and 2011. Using a random effects probit model, we examine relationship magazine's readership probability...
We estimate the increment in Massachusetts Medicaid program costs attributable to smoking from December 20, 1991 1998. describe how our methods improve upon earlier estimates of analogous at national level. Current approximate payments under tobacco settlement November Whether these are viewed as appropriate compensation for over time depends rate increase future health care costs, decline smoking, proportion that should be attributed actions companies and likelihood state would have...
We review 12 systems based on their user manuals for functionality in patient-care research. This is a condensation of booklet reviewing 16 systems, available from Harvard University.
We develop statistical methods for identifying star streams in the halo of Milky Way that exploit observed spatial and radial velocity distributions. Within a great circle, departures distribution from random provide measure likelihood potential stream. Comparisons between within circle entire sample also significance streams. The velocities enable construction more powerful joint test halo. Applying our method to stars Hypervelocity Star (HVS) survey, we detect Sagittarius stream at high...
This article investigates the relationship between alcohol advertising in magazines and youth readership, while controlling for a set of magazine readership variables related to demand space. It reconstructs reanalyzes data including count ads placed 28 2001‐2003 that was basis previous study, which concluded advertisers do not target youths. We address problem collinearity add an explanatory variable explicitly model hypothesis is preferentially directed young adult audience. find number...
This study investigated whether cigarette brands popular among youths are preferentially advertised in magazines with high youth readerships. Using a probit regression model of 1986–1994 data, we estimated the effect percentage (ages 12–17) readers magazine on probability brand advertising that and compared these effects for (those smoked by more than 2.5% 10–15-year-old smokers) adult brands. We controlled percentages young 18–24), female, black, Hispanic readers. Holding all other...
To understand the relationship between information flows and white-collar output, we collected unique data on email communications to study network connecting individuals in a management recruiting firm. We also gathered revenues contracts at individual level. Our empirical results suggest that size of an individual's internal is more highly correlated with output than number messages, time spent communicating, external size, all other measures communication. This result suggests favorable...