Alginate and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) are attractive materials for tissue engineering regenerative medicine. CNF gels generally weaker more brittle than alginate gels, while elastic have high rupture strength. properties depend on their guluronan mannuronan content sequence pattern molecular weight. Likewise, exists in various qualities with depending on, e.g., morphology charge density. In this study combinations of three types different composition two degree fibrillation been studied....

3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) has potential as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering, but the hydrophobic surface may hinder optimal cell responses. The properties can be improved by coating with cellulose nanofibrils material (CNF), multiscale hydrophilic biocompatible biomaterial derived from wood. In this study, human marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on culture plates (TCP) and PCL scaffolds coated CNF. Cellular responses to surfaces (viability, attachment,...

The current study aims to demonstrate the influence of surface chemistry wood-derived cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hydrogels on fibroblasts for tissue engineering applications. TEMPO-mediated oxidation or carboxymethylation pretreatments were employed produce with different chemistry. This demonstrates following: first, gelation CNF cell culture medium and formation stable improved rheological properties; second, response mouse cultured sandwiched within materials respect cytotoxicity,...

Pickering o/w emulsions prepared with 40 wt % rapeseed oil were stabilized the use of low charged enzymatically treated cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and highly 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized CNFs. The emulsion-forming abilities storage stability two qualities tested in presence NaCl acetic acid, at concentrations relevant to food applications. Food may be an important future application area for CNFs due their availability excellent viscosifying abilities. emulsion...

Wood-based nanocellulose is emerging as a promising nanomaterial in the field of tissue engineering due to its unique properties and versatile applications. Previously, we used TEMPO-mediated oxidation (TO) carboxymethylation (CM) chemical pretreatments prior mechanical fibrillation wood-based cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) produce scaffolds with different surface chemistries. The aim current study was evaluate effects these on serum protein adsorption 2D 3D configurations TO-CNF CM-CNF then...

We describe the cloning, overexpression, purification, characterization and crystal structure of chitinase G, a single-domain family 19 from Gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Although G was not capable releasing 4-methylumbelliferyl artificial chitooligosaccharide substrates, it degrading longer chitooligosaccharides at rates similar to those observed for other chitinases. The enzyme also colored colloidal chitin substrate (carboxymethyl-chitin-remazol-brilliant violet)...

We have studied the degradation of well-characterized soluble heteropolymeric chitosans by a novel family 46 chitosanase, ScCsn46A from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), to obtain insight into enzyme's mode action and determine its potential for production different chitooligosaccharides. The both fully deacetylated chitosan 32% acetylated showed continuum oligomeric products rapid disappearance polymeric fraction, which is diagnostic nonprocessive endomode action. kinetics demonstrated an...

Chitotriosidase (HCHT) is one of two family 18 chitinases produced by humans, the other being acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase). The enzyme thought to be part human defense mechanism against fungal parasites, but its precise role and details enzymatic properties have not yet been fully unraveled. We studied HCHT analyzing how acts on high-molecular weight chitosans, soluble copolymers β-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc, A), glucosamine (GlcN, D). Using methods for in-depth studies...

We have studied the degradation of soluble heteropolymeric chitosans with a bacterial family 19 chitinase, ChiG from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), to obtain insight into mode action ChiG, determine subsite preferences for acetylated and deacetylated sugar units, evaluate potential production chito-oligosaccharides. Degradation varying degrees acetylation was followed using NMR identity (acetylated/deacetylated) new reducing nonreducing ends as well their nearest neighbors gel filtration...

Recent studies have discovered a substantial viscosity increase of aqueous cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) dispersions upon heat aging at temperatures above 90 °C. This distinct change in material properties very low concentrations water has been proposed as an active mechanism for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), highly viscous fluid may improve macroscopic sweep efficiencies and mitigate fingering. A high-temperature (120 °C) core flood experiment was carried out with 1 wt. % CNC salinity brine on...

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were obtained by applying a chemical pretreatment consisting of autoclaving the pulp fibers in sodium hydroxide, combined with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl-mediated oxidation. Three levels hypochlorite applied (2.5, 3.8, and 6.0 mmol/g) to obtain CNF qualities (CNF_2.5, CNF_3.8, CNF_6.0) varying content carboxyl groups, that is, 1036, 1285, 1593 μmol/g cellulose. The cytotoxicity skin irritation potential (indirect tests) CNFs determined according...

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are multiscale hydrophilic biocompatible polysaccharide materials derived from wood and plants. TEMPO-mediated oxidation of CNFs (TO-CNF) turns some the primary hydroxyl groups to carboxylate aldehyde groups. Unlike carboxylic functional groups, there is little or no information about biological role on surface wood-based CNFs. In this work, we replaced in TO-CNF samples with carboxyl by another treatment (TO-O-CNF) alcohols terminal a reduction reaction...

Chitooligosaccharides (CHOS) are oligomers composed of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine with several interesting bioactivities that can be produced from enzymatic cleavage chitosans. By controlling the degree acetylation substrate chitosan, enzyme, extent enzyme degradation, CHOS preparations limited variation in length sequence produced. We here report on degradation chitosans a novel family 75 chitosanase, SaCsn75A Streptomyces avermitilis . characterizing preparations, we have obtained...

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (T-CNFs) were tested as enhanced oil recovery (EOR) agents through core floods microfluidic experiments. Both particles mixed with low salinity water (LSW). The grouped into three parts based on the research objectives. In Part 1, secondary flood using CNCs was compared to regular flooding at fixed conditions, by reusing same plug maintain pore structure. produced 5.8% of original in...

The application of nanotechnology to the petroleum industry has sparked recent interest in increasing oil recovery, while reducing environmental impact. Nanocellulose is an emerging nanoparticle that derived from trees or waste stream wood and fiber industries. Thus, it taken a renewable sustainable source, could therefore serve as good alternative current Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technologies. However, before nanocellulose can be applied EOR technique, further understanding its transport...

Many studies show how biomaterial properties like stiffness, mechanical stimulation and surface topography can influence cellular functions direct stem cell differentiation. In this work, two different natural materials, gelatin (Gel) cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), were combined to design suitable 3D porous biocomposites for soft-tissue engineering. Gel was selected its well-assessed high biomimicry that it shares with collagen, from which derives, while the CNFs chosen as structural...