A5102897829- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- FOXO transcription factor regulation
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Cleft Lip and Palate Research
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
University of Mississippi Medical Center
2024
University of Bristol
2017-2023
University of Alberta
1992-2016
University of Oxford
2011
Patan Hospital
2011
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology
2000
Experimental Medicine and Biology Institute
1950
Harvard University
1926
Genetic engineering of non-β cells to release insulin upon feeding could be a therapeutic modality for patients with diabetes. A tumor-derived K-cell line was induced produce human by providing the gene linked 5'-regulatory region encoding glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Mice expressing this transgene produced specifically in gut K cells. This protected mice from developing diabetes and maintained glucose tolerance after destruction native insulin-producing β
Abstract Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family ligand TNF-α and Fas (FasL) can trigger apoptosis in solid tumors, but their clinical usage has been limited by hepatotoxicity. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing (TRAIL) is a newly identified member of the TNF family, its application currently under similar debate. Here, we report recombinant soluble form human TRAIL (114 to 281 amino acids) that induces tumor cells not hepatocytes. We first isolated hepatocytes from patients showed expressed no death...
Transhumance and palaeodiet are two central themes in archaeology using chemical analysis of bones teeth to reconstruct trends patterns diet mobility has become a cornerstone bioarchaeology. This study investigated strontium concentration ([Sr]), radiogenic (87Sr/86Sr) stable (δ88Sr) isotope systematics controlled feeding experiment on domestic pigs designed simulate terrestrial versus marine protein consumption. The results the offer validation methodology. confirms that composition dental...
Several facts have shown the gonads and sexual hormones exert an influence on development of diabetes in pancreatectomized rats: (1) incidence after removal 95 per cent pancreas is greater male than female rats (Foglia, 1945); (2) castration markedly increases females slightly decreases it males; (3) treatment with estradiol benzoate diminishes considerably intact castrated following Schuster Rodríguez, 1947). There are contradictory reports effect estrogens other species. Thus, according to...
We have previously described the existence of two phenotypically distinct cell subsets in ALK-positive anaplastic large lymphoma (ALK + ALCL) based on their differential responsiveness to a Sox2 reporter (SRR2), with reporter-responsive (RR) cells being more tumorigenic and chemoresistant than reporter-unresponsive (RU) cells. However, regulator(s) RU/RR dichotomy are not identified. In this study, we aim delineate key dichotomy.JASPER motif match analysis was used identify putative factors...
Abstract The naturally occurring stable isotopes of potassium (41K/39K, expressed as δ41K) have the potential to make significant contributions vertebrate and human biology. utility K is, however, conditioned by understanding dietary biological factors controlling natural variability δ41K. This paper reports a systematic study in extant terrestrial endothermic vertebrates. δ41K has been measured 158 samples tissues, biofluids, excreta from 40 individuals four species (rat, guinea pig, pig...
Leptin has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in obese diabetic ob/ob mice, yet the mechanisms remain poorly defined. We found that 2 d of leptin treatment improved fasting but not postprandial homeostasis, suggesting enhanced hepatic sensitivity. Consistent with this hypothesis, vivo receptor (IR) activation liver, skeletal muscle or fat. To explore cellular mechanism by which up-regulates IR activation, we examined expression protein tyrosine phosphatase...
Genetic variability is a hallmark of RNA virus populations. However, transmission to new host often results in marked decrease population diversity. This genetic bottlenecking observed during hepatitis C (HCV) and can arise via selective sweep or through the founder effect. To model HCV transmission, we utilized chimeric SCID/Alb-uPA mice with transplanted human hepatocytes infected them serum inoculum. E1E2 glycoprotein gene sequences donor inoculum recipient were determined following...
Obesity is typically associated with resistance to leptin, yet the mechanism by which leptin signaling becomes impaired poorly understood. Here we sought determine if development of obesity and correlates increased expression protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in peripheral tissues whether over-expression this phosphatase, specifically liver, could alter leptin-mediated effects on feeding glucose metabolism. was induced mice through a high-fat diet that resulted hyperglycemia,...
// Karen Jung 1,* , Nidhi Gupta 2,* Peng Wang 2 Jamie T. Lewis 3 Keshav Gopal Fang Wu Xiaoxia Ye Abdulraheem Alshareef Bassam S. Abdulkarim 4 Donna N. Douglas Norman M. Kneteman and Raymond Lai 1,2,5 1 Department of Oncology, University Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Laboratory Medicine Pathology, Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, 5 DynaLIFE Dx Medical Laboratories, * These authors are Co-first Correspondence to: Lai, email: Keywords : breast cancer, tumour cell heterogeneity, Sox2,...
Abstract Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) regulates insulin‐independent de novo lipogenesis. Recently, a novel ChREBPβ isoform was identified. The purpose of the current study to define effect dietary carbohydrates (CHO) and obesity on transcriptional activity ChREBP isoforms their respective target genes. Mice were subjected fasting‐refeeding high‐CHO diets. In all three CHO‐refeeding groups, mice failed induce ChREBPα, yet increased 10‐ 20‐fold. High‐fat fed hepatic...
In vivo insulin secretion was quantified as the AIRg or AIRa in islet-transplanted rats. Male Wistar-Furth rats previously made diabetic by STZ administration (55 mg/kg) were transplanted with 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 islets infused into portal vein (n = 12-14 per group) and compared sham-treated controls (CN, n 16). At 4-5 wk posttransplantation, no significant differences noted FPG fasting plasma of experimental groups (P > 0.05). Body weight, however, 10% less < 0.05) receiving 500 than...
Cytomegalovirus is a common viral pathogen that influences the outcome of organ transplantation. To date, there no established method to evaluate effects human CMV (HCMV) treatments in vivo except for clinical trials. In current study, we describe development mouse model supports propagation HCMV.One million viable hepatocytes, purified from livers, were injected into spleens severe combined immunodeficient/albumin linked-urokinase type plasminogen activator transgenic mice. A strain HCMV...
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a major cause of invasive bacterial infection in children that can be prevented by vaccine, but there still uncertainty about its relative importance Asia. This study investigated the age-specific prevalence Hib carriage and molecular epidemiology disease Nepal. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from Kathmandu, Nepal, 3 different settings: hospital outpatient department (OPD), schools, children's homes. was isolated using antiserum agar plates,...
We examined the dynamics of glycemic normalization following intraportal infusion an incremental number islets Langerhans in male Wistar-Furth rats. Nonfasted plasma glucose, 24-hr urine volume, and body weight were determined weekly during three weeks streptozotocin-induced diabetes for 5 transplantation 250–3000 freshly isolated islets. At one week transplantation, volume was inversely proportional to mass trans-planted, but by posttransplantation near-normal except rats receiving only 250...
Autotransplantation of islets Langerhans has resulted in long-term normoglycemia pancreatectomized dogs. This canine model is useful evaluating both the progress islet transplantation and effect a reduced mass upon determinants glucose tolerance: i.e., insulin secretion, sensitivity, effectiveness. To determine on these factors, we measured acuteinsulin response to arginine (AIRa) (AIRg), slope glycemic potentiation AIRa (SP), sensitivity (S1), effectiveness (SG) control (CN), diabetic (DM),...
Despite careful patient selection, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurs in 10-20% of cases after liver transplantation, and the use potent adjuvant anticancer drugs would be welcome. The aim this study was to evaluate efficiency a combined therapy rapamycin (sirolimus) anti-death receptor (DR)5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) on HCC. We first assessed side effects anti-DR5 mAb administration vivo by giving various doses mAb. Cell proliferation assays were then performed using mouse Hepa1-6 cells...
We characterized insulin sensitivity in islet transplanted rats receiving from 500 to 3000 islets. Male Wistar Furth made previously diabetic with streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) were infused intraportally islets of Langerhans (500 islets: n=8; 1000: n=6; 2000: 3000: n=5) syngeneic donors and compared sham-operated controls (n=7). At four weeks after transplantation, fasting blood glucose was not significantly different between groups (500: 5.1±0.3; 4.8±0.3; 4.6±0.1; control: 4.7±0.2 mM;...
Inhibition of MYC sensitizes cells to doxorubicin in RR cells. (a) The left panel showed that originated from SupM2 and Karpas 299 were treated with varying dosages inhibitor 10074-G5 for 48 h, then the cell growth was assessed by MTS assay. dosage 5 μM chosen following drug combination study. right Fifty 20 ng/mL derived SupM2, respectively, (b, c) cycle analysis performed assess Sub G0/1 fraction induced doxorubicin, 10074-G5, or 48 h; Cells DMSO treatment included as a control. (d) PI...
Introduction: Liver regeneration is important after liver resection and transplantation, though the mechanisms surrounding this process are complex incompletely understood. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), acts via its specific receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), Fn14 receptors have been shown to be highly expressed in chronically damaged livers, such as hepatitis C, regenerating livers partial hepatectomy (PH), suggesting a strong role for...