A5020435650- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)
2025
MRC Unit the Gambia
2015-2022
National Research Foundation
2016-2021
Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit
2016-2021
University of the Witwatersrand
2016-2021
South African Medical Research Council
2021
Medical Research Council
2015-2016
Little information is available about the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in low-income countries. We measured these on invasive disease The Gambia where 7-valent vaccine (PCV7) was introduced August, 2009, followed by 13-valent (PCV13) May, 2011.We conducted population-based surveillance for individuals aged 2 months and older who were residents Basse Health Demographic Surveillance System (BHDSS) Upper River Region, Gambia, using standardised criteria to identify...
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are used in many low-income countries but their impact on the incidence of pneumonia is unclear. The Gambia introduced PCV7 August, 2009, and PCV13 May, 2011. We aimed to measure introduction these incidence.We did population-based surveillance case-control studies. primary endpoint was WHO-defined radiological with pulmonary consolidation. Population-based for suspected children aged 2-59 months (minimum age 3 study) between May 12, 2008, Dec 31, 2015....
More than 40% of all deaths in children under 5 years age occur during the neonatal period: first month life. Immunization pregnant women has proven beneficial to both mother and infant by decreasing morbidity mortality. With an increasing number immunization trials being conducted women, as well roll-out recommended vaccines there is a need clarify details death. This manuscript defines levels certainty death, related viability neonate, who confirmed timing death period relation mother.
Abstract Background Postmortem minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) is a potential alternative to the gold standard complete diagnostic autopsy for identifying specific causes of childhood deaths. We investigated utility MITS, interpreted with available clinical data, attributing underlying and immediate neonatal Methods This prospective, observational pilot study enrolled deaths at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital in Soweto, South Africa. The MITS included needle core-biopsy...
BackgroundThe Gambia introduced seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in August 2009, followed by PCV13 May, 2011, using a schedule of three primary doses without booster dose or catch-up immunisation. We aimed to assess the long-term impact PCV on disease incidence.MethodsWe did 10 years population-based surveillance for invasive (IPD) and WHO defined radiological pneumonia with consolidation rural Gambia. The population included all Basse Health Demographic Surveillance System...
Abstract Background Adults with certain underlying chronic medical conditions are at increased risk of pneumococcal disease (PD). V116 is an investigational, 21-valent, adult-specific conjugate vaccine (PCV) containing the most prevalent serotypes (STs) associated PD in adults from regions established pediatric vaccination programs. The Phase 3 STRIDE-8 study (NCT05696080) evaluated safety and tolerability 18–64 years age PD. Immunogenicity was compared sequential administration 15-valent...
Objective To measure mortality and its risk factors among children discharged from a health centre in rural Gambia. Methods We conducted cohort study between 12 May 2008 11 2012. Children aged 2–59 months, admitted with suspected pneumonia, sepsis, or meningitis after presenting to primary secondary care facilities, were followed for 180 days discharge. developed models associating post-discharge clinical syndrome on admission factors. Findings One hundred five of 3755 (2.8%) died, 80%...
BackgroundThere are limited data on pertussis in African children, including among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–exposed infants. We conducted population-based hospital surveillance to determine the incidence and clinical presentation of Bordetella pertussis–associated hospitalization perinatal HIV-exposed -unexposed
There is a paucity of data on the burden congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infections in low- and middle-income countries, including their association with maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. We investigated prevalence cCMV patient population high rate HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) use during pregnancy Soweto, Johannesburg.Saliva from neonates were screened for (CMV) infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at birth. Additional saliva urine samples tested within 3...
Current estimates for causes of childhood deaths are mainly premised on modeling vital registration and limited verbal autopsy data generally only characterize the underlying cause death (CoD). We investigated potential minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) ascertaining immediate CoD in children 1 month to 14 years age.MITS included postmortem biopsies brain, liver, lung histopathology examination; microbial culture blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), samples; molecular testing CSF, lung,...
To map the integration of existing maternal tetanus immunization programmes within antenatal care (ANC) services for pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to identify understand challenges, barriers facilitators associated with high performance vaccine service delivery. A mixed methods, cross sectional study four data collection phases including a desk review, online survey, telephone face-to-face interviews country visits was undertaken between 2016 2018. Associations...
Despite approximately 2.6 million stillbirths occurring annually, there is a paucity of systematic biological investigation and consequently knowledge on the causes these deaths in low- middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated utility minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS), placental examination, clinical history, attributing stillbirth South African LMIC setting.
To examine the characteristics of existing maternal tetanus immunization programmes for pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to identify understand challenges, barriers facilitators associated with vaccine service delivery that may impact introduction implementation new vaccines future. A mixed methods, cross sectional study four data collection phases including a desk review, online survey, telephone face-to-face interviews country visits. LMICs. The majority (84/95;...
Although primary maternal cytomegalovirus infections are associated with higher risk of in utero transmission, most fetal worldwide result from nonprimary infections. Antibodies directed at glycoprotein B (gB) and the gH/gL/pUL128-130-131 pentamer can neutralize virus, levels antibody several particular epitopes defined by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reduced (CMV) transmission during infection. This had not been explored infection.In a setting where CMV nonprimary, 42 mothers infants...
To assess neurological sequelae and growth in the first 12 months of life a cohort congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infected infants compared to cCMV uninfected infants.This was prospective matched study conducted Soweto, South Africa where forty-six confirmed cases were on HIV-exposure, gender gestational age (±two weeks) 84 cCMV-uninfected controls 1:2 ratio. Cases followed up until anthropometry, hearing neurodevelopmental outcomes.Thirty-four (73.9%) 74 (88.1%) controls, completed all...
To determine the causes of lobar pneumonia in rural Gambia. Population-based surveillance at seven peripheral health facilities and two regional hospitals 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced routinely August 2009 replaced by PCV13 from May 2011. Prospective undertaken among all ages with referral suspected cases to hospitals. Blood culture chest radiographs were performed while lung or pleural aspirates collected selected, clinically stable patients effusion on...
Abstract Background Pneumonia aetiology generally relies on insensitive blood cultures or an assumption that organisms in the pharynx are causal. We determined causes of lobar pneumonia rural Gambia using lung aspiration. Methods surveillance was undertaken among all ages. Blood culture and chest radiographs were performed routinely while pleural aspirates collected from selected patients. 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) introduced August 2009 replaced by PCV13 May 2011. used...