A5085008394- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Corporate Finance and Governance
- Hand Gesture Recognition Systems
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Infrared Thermography in Medicine
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Management and Organizational Studies
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems
- Business Strategy and Innovation
- Optical Systems and Laser Technology
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Birth, Development, and Health
University College London
2019-2025
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
2020-2025
University of Bergen
2023-2025
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging
2019-2024
MRC Human Immunology Unit
2022
University of Nottingham
2014-2020
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City
2009
RMIT University
2004-2006
The University of Western Australia
2002
Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre
2002
Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) is an integrated set of methods for testing hypotheses about the brain's structure and function, using data from imaging devices. These are implemented in open source software package, SPM, which has been continuous development more than 30 years by international community developers. This paper reports release SPM 25.01, a major new version that incorporates novel analysis methods, optimisations existing as well improved practices science development.
The characterisation of dynamic electrophysiological brain networks, which form and dissolve in order to support ongoing cognitive function, is one the most important goals neuroscience. Here, we introduce a method for measuring such networks human using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Previous network analyses look regions that share common temporal profile activity. Here distinctly, exploit high spatio-temporal resolution MEG measure evolution connectivity between pairs parcellated regions....
Event-related fluctuations of neural oscillatory amplitude are reported widely in the context cognitive processing and typically interpreted as a marker brain "activity". However, precise nature these effects remains unclear; particular, whether such reflect local dynamics, integration between regions, or both, is unknown. Here, using magnetoencephalography, we show that movement induced modulation associated with transient connectivity sensorimotor regions. Further, resting-state data,...
Neural oscillations dominate electrophysiological measures of macroscopic brain activity and fluctuations in these rhythms offer an insightful window on cortical excitation, inhibition, connectivity. However, recent years the 'classical' picture smoothly varying has been challenged by idea that many 'oscillations' may actually be formed from recurrence punctate high-amplitude bursts activity, whose spectral composition intersects traditionally defined frequency ranges (e.g. alpha/beta band)....
Here we propose that much of the magnetic interference observed when using optically pumped magnetometers for MEG experiments can be modeled as a spatially homogeneous field. We show this approximation reduces sensor level variance and substantially improves statistical power. This model does not require knowledge underlying neuroanatomy nor positions. It only needs information about orientation. Due to model's low rank there is little risk removing substantial neural signal. However,...
Optically pumped magnetometer-based magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) can be used to measure neuromagnetic fields while participants move in a magnetically shielded room. Head movements previous OP-MEG studies have been up 20 cm translation and ∼30° rotation sitting position. While this represents step-change over stationary MEG systems, naturalistic head movement is likely exceed these limits, particularly when are standing up. In proof-of-concept study, we sought push the limits of even...
Magnetically shielded rooms (MSRs) use multiple layers of materials such as MuMetal to screen external magnetic fields that would otherwise interfere with high precision field measurements magnetoencephalography (MEG). Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have enabled the development wearable MEG systems which potential provide a motion tolerant functional brain imaging system spatiotemporal resolution. Despite significant promise, OPMs impose stringent shielding requirements, operating...
One of the primary technical challenges facing magnetoencephalography (MEG) is that magnitude neuromagnetic fields several orders lower than interfering signals. Recently, a new type sensor has been developed - optically pumped magnetometer (OPM). These sensors can be placed directly on scalp and move with head during participant movement, making them wearable. This opens up range exciting experimental clinical opportunities for OPM-based MEG experiments, including paediatric studies,...
Abstract Magneto- and electroencephalography (MEG/EEG) are important techniques for the diagnosis pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy. Yet, in current cryogen-based MEG systems sensors offset from scalp, which limits signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) thereby sensitivity to activity deep structures such as hippocampus. This effect is amplified children, whom adult-sized fixed-helmet typically too big. Moreover, ictal recordings with problematic because limited movement tolerance and/or logistical...
The spinal cord and its interactions with the brain are fundamental for movement control somatosensation. However, electrophysiology in humans have largely been treated as distinct enterprises, part due to relative inaccessibility of cord. Consequently, there is a dearth knowledge on human electrophysiology, including multiple pathologies that affect well brain.
Resting state networks (RSNs) are of fundamental importance in human systems neuroscience with evidence suggesting that they integral to healthy brain function and perturbed pathology. Despite rapid progress this area, the temporal dynamics governing functional connectivities underlie RSN structure remain poorly understood. Here, we present a framework help further our understanding dynamics. We describe methodology which exploits direct nature high resolution magnetoencephalography (MEG)....
Movement induced modulation of the beta rhythm is one most robust neural oscillatory phenomena in brain. In preparation and execution phases movement, a loss amplitude observed [movement related decrease (MRBD)]. This followed by rebound above baseline on movement cessation [post (PMBR)]. These effects have been measured widely, recent work suggests that they may significant importance. Specifically, potential to form basis biomarkers for disease, used neuroscience applications ranging from...
In this study we explore the interference rejection and spatial sampling properties of multi-axis Optically Pumped Magnetometer (OPM) data. We use both vector spherical harmonics eigenspectra to quantify how well an array can separate neuronal signal from environmental while adequately entire cortex. found that triaxial OPMs have superb noise allowing for very high orders (L=6) be accounted minimally affecting neural space (2dB attenuation a 60-sensor system). show at least 11th order (143...
Most neuroimaging techniques require the participant to remain still for reliable recordings be made. Optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) based magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG) however, is a technique which can used measure neural signals during large movement (approximately 1 m) within magnetically shielded room (MSR) (Boto et al., 2018; Seymour 2021). Nevertheless, environmental magnetic fields vary both spatially and temporally OPMs only operate limited field range, constrains movement....
Beta oscillations in human sensorimotor cortex are hallmark signatures of healthy and pathological movement. In single trials, beta include bursts intermittent, transient periods high-power activity. These burst events have been linked to a range sensory motor processes, but their precise spatial, spectral, temporal structure remains unclear. Specifically, role for activity information coding communication suggests spatiotemporal patterns, or travelling wave activity, along specific...
Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have made moving, wearable magnetoencephalography (MEG) possible. The OPMs typically used for MEG require a low background magnetic field to operate, which is achieved using both passive and active shielding. However, the never truly zero Tesla, so at each of changes as participant moves. This leads position orientation dependent in measurements, manifest frequency artefacts data.
Abstract Voluntary human movement relies on interactions between the spinal cord, brain, and sensory afferents. The integrative function of cord has proven particularly difficult to study directly non-invasively in humans due challenges measuring activity. Investigations sensorimotor integration often rely cortico-muscular coupling, which can capture brain muscle, but cannot reveal how mediates this communication. Here, we introduce a system for direct, non-invasive imaging concurrent...
Non-invasive spatiotemporal imaging of brain activity during large-scale, whole body movement is a significant methodological challenge for the field neuroscience. Here, we present dataset recorded using new modality, optically-pumped magnetoencephalography (OP-MEG), to record human stepping. Participants (n=3) performed visually guided stepping task requiring precise foot placement while dual-axis and triaxial OP-MEG leg muscle (electromyography, EMG) were recorded. The also includes...
Abstract Neuroimaging studies have typically relied on rigorously controlled experimental paradigms to probe cognition, in which movement is restricted, primitive, an afterthought or merely used indicate a subject’s choice. Whilst powerful, these do not often resemble how we behave everyday life, so new generation of ecologically valid experiments are being developed. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures neural activity by sensing extracranial magnetic fields. It has recently been...