A5049063406- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Renal and related cancers
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Acute Kidney Injury Research
- Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Cancer Risks and Factors
University of Southampton
2014-2023
Southampton General Hospital
2015-2022
Hinchingbrooke Health Care NHS Trust
2008
Pregnancy 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations are associated with maternal and fetal health outcomes. Using physiological human placental perfusion villous explants, we investigate the role of placenta in regulating relationships between 25(OH)D physiology. We demonstrate active uptake
Transfer of glucose across the human placenta is directly proportional to maternal concentrations even when these are well above physiological range. This study investigates relationship between and fetal transfer placenta. d-glucose, 3H-3-o-methyl-d-glucose (3H-3MG) 14C-l-glucose isolated perfused placental cotyledon was determined for arterial d-glucose 0 20 mmol/l. Clearance 3H-3MG or not affected by in either circulation. Based on reported KM GLUT1, would be expected show signs...
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) causes increased transfer maternal bile acids to the fetus and an incidence sudden fetal death. Treatment includes ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), but it is not clear if UDCA protects fetus. This study explores placental transport taurocholate (TC) by organic anion–transporting polypeptide, (OATP)4A1, its effects on proteome vascular function, how these are modified UDCA. Various methodological approaches including villous fragments Xenopus laevis...
Abstract Placental function is essential for fetal development and establishing the foundations lifelong health. The placental villous stroma a connective tissue layer that supports capillaries trophoblast. All nutrients cross placenta must also stroma, yet little known about this region. This study uses high‐resolution three‐dimensional imaging to explore structural complexity of region within villi. Serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy confocal were used image in...
Placental glutamine synthesis has been demonstrated in animals and is thought to increase the availability of this metabolically important amino acid fetus. Glutamine fundamental importance for cellular replication, function inter-organ nitrogen transfer. The objective study was investigate role glutamate/glutamine metabolism by isolated perfused human placenta provision fetus.Glutamate investigated dually placental cotyledon. U-¹³C-glutamate used movement carbon ¹⁵N-leucine amino-nitrogen....
Abstract The placental microvasculature is a conduit for fetal blood allowing solute exchange between the mother and fetus. Serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy (SBF SEM) allows ultrastructure to be viewed in three dimensions provides new perspective on anatomy. This study used SBF SEM endothelial cells within human from uncomplicated pregnancies. Term villi were aldehyde‐fixed processed imaging by SEM. Manual segmentation was carried out terminal villous capillary an intermediate...
Pericytes are a common feature in the placental microvasculature but their roles not well understood. may provide physical or endocrine support for endothelium and some tissues mediate vasoconstriction. This study uses serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM) to generate three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of pericytes terminal villi transmission (TEM) pericyte endothelial cell interactions. The proportion junctions covered by was determined. detailed 3D models show...
Key points The placenta removes waste products, drugs and environmental toxins from the fetal circulation two of transport proteins responsible for this are OAT4 OATP2B1 localised to basal membrane placental syncytiotrophoblast. We provide evidence that mediate glutamate efflux when expressed in Xenopus oocytes perfused placenta, bromosulphothalein (an substrate) stimulates efflux. Furthermore can only be seen presence aspartate, which will block reuptake by consistent with cycling across...
Membrane transporters are considered essential for placental amino acid transfer, but the contribution of other factors, such as blood flow and metabolism, is poorly defined. In this study we combine experimental modeling approaches to understand determinants [ 14 C]phenylalanine transfer across isolated perfused human placenta. Transfer placenta was determined at different maternal fetal rates. Maternal rate set 10, 14, 18 ml/min 1 h each. At each rate, rates were 3, 6, 9 20 min Appearance...
Organic anion transporters (OATs) and organic transporting polypeptides (OATPs) are transport proteins that mediate exchange of metabolites, hormones waste products. Directional by these can occur when is coupled to the gradients other substrates. This study investigates whether activity OATP4A1 OATP2A1 on maternal facing microvillus membrane placental syncytiotrophoblast glutamate gradient. OAT OATP transporter were over expressed in Xenopus oocytes their characteristics. Further studies...
The syncytiotrophoblast forms a continuous barrier between the maternal and fetal circulations. Here we present serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM) study, based on single image stack, showing pooling of blood underneath region stretched that has become detached from basement membrane. Erythrocytes are protruding discrete holes in suggesting that, under specific circumstances, may be permeable to cells. This observation represents pathological process but it poses...
Metformin is an antidiabetic drug, increasingly prescribed in pregnancy and has been shown to cross the human placenta. The mechanisms underlying placental metformin transfer remain unclear. This study investigated roles of drug transporters paracellular diffusion bidirectional across syncytiotrophoblast using perfusion experiments computational modelling. 14C-metformin was observed maternal fetal directions not competitively inhibited by 5 mM unlabelled metformin. Computational modelling...
Abstract Introduction Capnocytophaga are a genus of bacteria that have been found to be the causative organisms in range infections, including serious conditions such as bacteraemia, endocarditis and meningitis. This has especially true amongst those with comorbidities immunocompromised populations. Although several species known cause human disease, historically, laboratories often not identified isolates level due unreliable, laborious techniques needed. With advent Polymerase Chain...
Abstract Pregnancy 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are associated with maternal and fetal health outcomes. Using physiological human placental perfusion villous explants, we investigate the role of placenta in regulating relationships between 25(OH)D physiology. We demonstrate active uptake 25(OH)D3 by endocytosis, metabolism into 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin [1,25(OH)2D3], subsequent release these metabolites both circulations. Active transport synthesis...