A5075717389- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Leprosy Research and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Immune cells in cancer
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- interferon and immune responses
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
- Whipple's Disease and Interleukins
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
Lepra Society
2012-2022
Bhagwan Mahaveer Cancer Hospital and Research Centre
2020
Tanvir Hospital
2008-2018
Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics
2008
University of Hyderabad
2008
Global Hospitals
2006
ESAT-6, an abundantly secreted protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is important virulence factor, inactivation which leads to reduced M. tuberculosis. ESAT-6 alone, or in complex with its chaperone CFP-10 (ESAT-6:CFP-10), known modulate host immune responses; however, the detailed mechanisms are not well understood. The structure ESAT-6:CFP-10 does suggest presence enzymatic DNA-binding activities. Therefore, we hypothesized that crucial role played by mycobacteria could...
We previously found that CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) expand in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection individuals who are healthy tuberculin reactors, but not tuberculin-negative individuals. also the M. mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan and prostaglandin E2 produced by monocytes involved Treg expansion. In this study, we Tregs expanded from CD4(+)CCR4(+) CCR4(-) cells. However, introduction of CCR4 small interfering RNA (siRNA) into CD4(+) only marginally...
In recent years, genome wide association studies have discovered a large number of gene loci that play functional role in innate and adaptive immune pathways associated with leprosy susceptibility. The immunological control intracellular bacteria M. leprae is modulated by NOD2-mediated signaling Th1 responses. this study, we investigated 211 clinically classified patients 230 ethnically matched controls Indian population genotyping four variants NOD2 (rs9302752A/G), LRRK2 (rs1873613A/G),...
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and it remains one of the major bacterial infections worldwide. Innate immunity an important arm antimycobacterial host defence mechanism that senses various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) microbes a variety pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). As per recent discovery, Toll-like (TLRs) play crucial role in M. tb, this immune activation occurs only presence functional TLRs. Variants TLRs may influence their...
Previously, we found that pathological immune responses enhance the mortality rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In current study, evaluated role cytokine IL-22 (known to play a protective in bacterial infections) and 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) regulating inflammation Mtb-infected T2DM mice. levels were significantly lower than nondiabetic Similarly, serum (TB) patients TB without T2DM. ILC3s an important source infected Mtb,...
In this study, we developed a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using streptozotocin and nicotinamide identified factors that increase susceptibility T2DM mice to infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). All Mtb-infected 40% uninfected died within 10 months, whereas all control survived. mice, increased the bacterial burden pro- anti-inflammatory cytokine chemokine production in lungs relative those infected mice. Levels IL-6 also increased. Anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody...
The glutathione-redox balance, expressed as the ratio of intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione, plays an important role in regulating cellular immune responses. In current study, we demonstrate that alteration balance macrophages by GSH donors like cell-permeable ethyl ester or N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) can differentially regulate production IL-12 cytokine macrophages. A low concentration NAC increased p40/p70 production, whereas at high concentration, was...
In the current study, we determined effects of interleukin (IL)-21 on human natural killer (NK) cells and monocyte responses during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. We found that Mtb stimulated CD4+ NK T from healthy individuals with latent infection (LTBI+) are major sources IL-21. patients secreted less IL-21 than did LTBI+ individuals. Interleukin-21 had no direct effect Mtb-stimulated monocytes. Interleukin-21-activated produced interferon (IFN)-γ, perforin, granzyme B,...
Accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) infection is critical for the treatment, prevention, and control TB. Conventional diagnostic tests based on purified protein derivative (PPD) do not achieve required sensitivity. Therefore, in this study, we have evaluated immunogenic properties Rv1168c, a member PPE family, comparison with PPD, which routinely used tuberculin test, Hsp60 ESAT-6, well-known immunodominant antigens Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In conventional enzyme immunoassay,...
Background: There are limited reports on the influence of immune regulatory genotypes efficacy Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in man. This study was designed to evaluate cytokine genotype interferon (IFN)-γ +874T/A T cell vitro assays BCG nonresponders (negative either vivo or test with purified protein derivative both). Methods: Ninety healthy children who were without any clinical evidence disease, 45 a BCG-scar and remaining scar assessed for responses. CD4+ CD8+ counts measured by flow...
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a clinically distinct category of Mycobacterium (Mtb) that needs to be diagnosed at the initial stage. We have reported earlier one Mtb proline-proline-glutamic acid (PPE) proteins, PPE17 (Rv1168c) associated with stronger B-cell and T-cell responses could used diagnose different clinical categories active TB patients higher specificity sensitivity than PPD ESAT-6. Based on these observations we further tested potential for diagnosis LTBI. 198 sera...
Cell-mediated immunity plays a major role in conferring protection against tuberculosis (TB) on an individual. It is not known whether the immune status correlates with bacterial load or improves after treatment. Also, it may be important to monitor treatment by being able discriminate between active disease and successfully treated TB. The main aim of this study was investigate usefulness recombinant 32-kDa antigen (r32-kDa Ag) Mycobacterium bovis BCG (Ag85A-BCG) as diagnostic marker...
The T-helper (Th) 1 T-cell response to purified protein derivative (PPD) is known be suppressed in tuberculosis patients which favours intracellular survival of the bacilli. We demonstrate that Mycobacterium heat shock 60 (Mtbhsp60) plays an important role skew anti-PPD towards Th2 type when macrophages were used as antigen presenting cells. found PPD-induced IL-12 p40 was downregulated by Mtbhsp60. Mtbhsp60 preferentially induced Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 without affecting TLR4 expression...
Background Cytokines are the hallmark of immune response to different pathogens and often dictate disease outcome. HIV infection tuberculosis (TB) more destructive when confronted together than either alone. Clinical data related status HIV-TB patients before initiation any drug therapy is not well documented. This study aimed collect baseline information pertaining co-infected correlate same with CD4+T cell levels viral loads at time diagnosis prior therapy. Methodology/Principal Findings...
Immunological characterization of mycobacterial peptides may help not only in the preparation a vaccine for leprosy but also developing vitro T-cell assays that could perhaps be used as an correlate treatment outcome. The main goal this study was to evaluate use Mycobacterium bovis recombinant 32-kDa protein (r32-kDa) antigen-stimulated assay surrogate marker outcome and monitor vitamin D receptor (VDR)-mediated anti-microbial responses during multidrug therapy (MDT) leprosy.Newly diagnosed...
IL-17 and IL-22 cytokines play an important role in protective immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Information on the production of these factors that regulate their context human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) latent infection (LTBI) or active disease (ATB) is limited. In current study, we compared two by PBMC HIV-LTBI+ HIV + LTBI+ individuals response to Mtb antigens CFP-10 (culture filtrate protein) ESAT-6 (Early Secretory Antigenic Target). We also...