A5007934167- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Healthcare Systems and Challenges
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Health and Well-being Studies
- Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Education Systems and Policy
- Health Services Management and Policy
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Educational and Psychological Assessments
- Historical Psychiatry and Medical Practices
University of Surrey
2016-2025
University of Alabama at Birmingham
2025
King's College London
2005-2014
Yale University
2012
VA Connecticut Healthcare System
2012
Imperial College London
2004-2011
National Health Service
2007
Living Streets
2007
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
2007
St Mary's Hospital
2002
Ras proteins are small GTP-binding which critical for cell signaling and proliferation. Four isoforms exist: Ha-Ras, N-Ras, Ki-Ras4A, Ki-Ras4B. The carboxyl termini of all four post-translationally modified by farnesyl protein transferase (FPT). Prenylation is required oncogenic to transform cells. Recently, it was reported that Ki-Ras4B also an in vitro substrate the related enzyme geranylgeranyl transferase-1 (GGPT-1) (James, G. L., Goldstein, J. Brown, M. S. (1995) Biol. Chem. 270,...
Background Alcohol misuse is common in people attending emergency departments (EDs) and there some evidence of efficacy alcohol screening brief interventions (SBI). This study investigated the effectiveness SBI approaches different intensities delivered by ED staff nine typical EDs England: SIPS trial. Methods Findings Pragmatic multicentre cluster randomized controlled trial for hazardous harmful drinkers presenting to ED. Nine were three conditions: a patient information leaflet (PIL), 5...
Ras protooncogenes encode 21-kDa membrane-associated guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, which play a critical role in control of cellular proliferation and differentiation. Oncogenic, activated forms proteins are associated with broad range human cancers. The elucidation the post-translational modifications that occur at carboxyl terminus demonstration farnesylation by farnesyl protein transferase is essential for Ras-induced transformation has opened up new promising approach to...
Data were obtained on 3365 patients in hospitals of the New York State Department Mental Hygiene who died between 1955 and 1961 with malignant neoplasm as primary cause death. Comparisons made corresponding mortality rates for cancer same period. The total mental from was much higher than similar age sex groups general population state; however, most excess among due to high those short periods hospitalization. Patients 10 or more years hospital stay had lower population, particularly 65...
1. Fall of population in the New York State mental hospitals has continued through its sixth year. The rate overall decrease been about 1½% per Several elements total can be identified as most affected by change and with exceptions paresis psychoses senium noted above, decreases mostly involve those groups where drug therapy greatest clinical advantage over previous methods, this effect subsequently having intensified stepped-up programs. (a) In general, is marked younger age 2- 3-year cases...
In 1955 the New York State mental hospitals undertook a large-scale program of tranquilizing drug therapy which during first full year its operation reached 27.9% all cases(2). This was 250% increase use somatic in one and followed by reduction 500 patient population, reversing long-term some 2,000 per year. The data for that were analyzed compared with preceding when population had increased 2,500 conclusion addition only significant identifiable change occurred treatment conditions...
AimTo evaluate the effectiveness of different brief intervention strategies at reducing hazardous or harmful drinking in probation setting. Offender managers were randomized to three interventions, each which built on previous one: feedback screening outcome and a client information leaflet control group, 5 min structured advice 20 lifestyle counselling.
In the year 1955-56 number of patients reached by somatic therapy in mental hospitals New York State was increased some 250% due to introduction tranquilizing drugs, chlorpromazine and reserpine. At end that residual population state showed a fall 500 comparison with increase 2,500 before average rise 2,000 per for previous decade. More recently, figures have become available, indicating similar changes occurred very widely elsewhere. same trend continued during 1956-57, producing further...
Abstract Background Previous findings in psychosis have revealed mixed on glutamate (Glu) levels the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Factors such as illness chronicity, methodology, and medication status impeded a more nuanced evaluation of Glu psychosis. The goal this longitudinal neuroimaging study was to investigate role antipsychotics dACC antipsychotic-naïve first-episode (FEP) patients. Methods We enrolled 117 healthy controls (HCs) 113 FEP patients for study. 3T proton...
We have previously shown that appropriate modification of the benzocycloheptapyridine tricyclic ring system can provide potent farnesyl protein transferase (FPT) inhibitors with good cellular activity. Our laboratories also established incorporation either pyridinylacetyl N-oxide or 4-N-carboxamidopiperidinylacetyl moieties results in pharmacokinetically stable are orally efficacious nude mice. now demonstrate further elaboration by introducing a bromine atom at 7- 10-position...
We examined whether feedback of heart rate (HR) or HR combined with ratings perceived exertion (RPE and HR) during a graded exercise test (GXT) early trials field training would reduce the errors commonly seen when range (THR) is self-monitored by participants. Asymptomatic males (n = 24) were tested on Balke treadmill protocol in randomized, between-groups design under control conditions where about RPE given as age-predicted THR was approximated. This followed alternating days three an...
Novel tricyclic Ras farnesyl-protein transferase (FPT) inhibitors are described. A comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of compounds arising from substitution at the 3-position pyridine ring system has been explored. In case halogens, chloro, bromo, and iodo analogues 19, 22, 28 were found to be equipotent. However, fluoro analogue 17 was an order magnitude less active. Whereas a small alkyl substituent such as methyl group resulted in very potent FPT inhibitor (SCH...
The Paddington Alcohol Test, designed to screen for alcohol related problems amongst those attending Accident and Emergency Departments, is presented in a slightly modified form. It concords fairly well with the Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), but can be administered about one fifth of time taken administer AUDIT. Its scoring units rapid specific UK. PAT recommended use UK Departments.
Clinical studies indicate that cigarette smoking increases the risk for developing acute pancreatitis. The nicotine metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a major smoke toxin. We hypothesized NNK could sensitize to pancreatitis and examined its effects in isolated rat pancreatic acini vivo. In acini, 100 nM caused three- fivefold activation of trypsinogen chymotrypsinogen, respectively, above control. Furthermore, pretreatment enhanced zymogen cerulein model....
This study describes the baseline haematology and serum chemistry values found in non-pregnant, pregnant (gestational days [GD] 2-21) lactating (postnatal 1-9) Sprague Dawley rats ( n = 3-10/day) from NCTR breeding colony of Cr1:COBS CD(SD)BR strain. Maternal body weights on GD0 ranged 250 to 300 g. Multiple analytes were measured both whole blood dams. Amniotic fluid, fetal serum, postnatal pup analyte also acquired. was collected heart under sub-terminal carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) anaesthesia....
To estimate and compare the optimal cut-off score of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) AUDIT-C in identifying at-risk alcohol consumption, heavy episodic use, ICD-10 abuse dependence adolescents attending ED England. Opportunistic cross-sectional survey. 10 emergency departments across Adolescents (n = 5377) aged between their 10th 18th birthday who attended December 2012 May 2013. Scores on AUDIT AUDIT-C. At-risk consumption monthly past 3 months were derived using time-line...