Abstract In the natural environment, plants face constant exposure to biotic stress caused by fungal attacks. The plant’s response various stresses relies heavily on its ability rapidly adjust transcriptome. External signals are transmitted nucleus, leading activation of transcription factors that subsequently enhance expression specific defense-related genes. Epigenetic mechanisms, including histone modifications and DNA methylation, which closely linked chromatin states, regulate gene...

Flax crop yield is limited by various environmental stress factors, but the largest losses worldwide are caused Fusarium infection. Polyamines one of many plant metabolites possibly involved in response to However, flax plants polyamine composition, genes synthesis, and particular their regulation, were previously unknown. The aim this study was investigate synthesis pathway its involvement pathogen It well established that polyamines essential for growth development both fungi, role...

Upregulation of the terpenoid pathway and increased ABA content in flax upon Fusarium infection leads to activation early plant's response (PR genes, cell wall remodeling, redox status). Plants have developed a number defense strategies against adverse effects fungi such as oxysporum. One is production antioxidant secondary metabolites, which fall into two main groups: phenylpropanoids terpenoids. While functions biosynthesis been extensively studied, very little known about genes...

Introduction Flax ( Linum usitatissimum ) is an important industrial crop in temperate regions, but fungal diseases, especially those caused by Fusarium oxysporum sp. lini , pose a serious risk. These infections can lead to major losses, reducing interest flax cultivation. Methods This study investigated the effects of exogenous spermidine (Spd) on interactions between and . plants treated with either 10 mM or 100 Spd were monitored for changes polyamine levels, gene expression, hydrogen...

Plants from the Ilex genus are known for properties such as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity, can act antiobesity agents thus be helpful in medicine. Some holly species, paraguariensis (widely form of popular beverage: yerba mate), have been investigated, while others partially researched or remain unknown. Therefore, we performed qualitative quantitative phytochemical analyses screened lesser-studied species (I. aquifolium L., I. 'Argentea Marginata' × meserveae 'Blue Angel')....

Flavonoids are a large group of secondary plant metabolites with many important functions; they play role in fruit, flower and seed pigmentation involved multiple protective mechanisms. They very active natural antioxidants, acting as antimicrobial compounds defense against pathogens, protect the various stress factors, including excessive solar radiation temperature. also an animal deterrent. Flax is already useful crop nutritional biomedical applications. With increased phenylpropanoid...

Flax (Linum usitatissimum) is a crop plant valued for its oil and fiber. Unfortunately, large losses in cultivation of this are caused by fungal infections, with Fusarium oxysporum being one most dangerous pathogens. Among the plant's defense strategies, changes expression genes shikimate/phenylpropanoid/benzoate pathway thus phenolic contents occur. benzoates, salicylic acid, methylated form methyl salicylate play an important role regulating plants' response to stress conditions. Upon...

Fusarium oxysporum infection leads to Fusarium-derived wilt, which is responsible for the greatest losses in flax (Linum usitatissimum) crop yield. Plants infected by show severe symptoms of dehydration due growth fungus vascular tissues. As disease develops, browning and leaf yellowing can be observed. In case more virulent strains, plants die. The pathogen's attack starts with secretion enzymes degrading host cell wall. main aim study was evaluate role wall polymers plant response order...

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Abstract Background Recently, in order to improve the resistance of flax plants pathogen infection, transgenic that overproduces β-1,3-glucanase was created. is a PR protein hydrolyses β-glucans, which are major component cell wall many groups fungi. For this study, we used fourth-generation field-cultivated Fusarium -resistant line B14 evaluate how overexpression gene influences quantity, quality and composition fibres, main product obtained from straw. Results Overproduction did not affect...

Polyunsaturated fatty acids, sterols, and hydrophilic phenolic compounds are components of flax oil that act as antioxidants. We investigated the impact from transgenic in form emulsions on stressed Chinese hamster pulmonary fibroblasts. found protect V79 cells against H 2 O effect is dose dependent. They reduced level intracellular reactive oxygen species protected genomic DNA damage. The rate cell proliferation increased upon treatment with at a low concentration, while high concentration...

Nowadays, the challenge for biotechnology is to develop tools agriculture and industry provide plants characterized by productivity quality that will satisfy growing demand different kinds of natural products. To meet challenge, generation application genetically modified justified. However, strong social resistance organisms restrictive regulations in European Union countries necessitated development a new technology plant types which uses knowledge resulting from analysis generate...

In mammalian cells, 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) is not only an intermediate metabolite during the oxidation of fatty acids, but also important signaling molecule. On other hand, information about metabolism or function this compound in plants scarce. our study, we show for first time that naturally occurs flax. The expression bacterial β-ketothiolase flax affects endogenous genes 3-HB biosynthesis pathway and content. increase content transgenic after control treatment with resulted...

Fusarium culmorum is a ubiquitous soil pathogen with wide host range. In flax (Linum ussitatissimum), it causes foot and root rot accumulation of mycotoxins in products. Fungal infections lead to huge losses the industry. Moreover, due mycotoxin accumulation, products constitute potential threat consumers. We discovered that defense against this based on early oxidative burst among others. plants infected F. culmorum, most affected genes are connected ROS production processing, callose...

Most losses in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) crops are caused by fungal infections. The new epigenetic approach to improve plant resistance requires broadening the knowledge about influence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strains on changes profile DNA methylation. Two contrasting effects levels methylation have been detected for both types strain infection: Genome-wide hypermethylation hypomethylation resistance-related genes (β-1,3-glucanase chitinase). Despite...

Flax fibers have bioactive properties due to their biochemical composition. The quality of the is main parameter that determines application, and process obtaining has a crucial impact on composition fibers. Therefore, this study aimed enhance flax by optimizing hydrodynamic degumming decorticated fibers, both non-transgenic (Nike) transgenic (B14) with overexpression β-1,3-glucanase gene from potato, were obtained through nine processes varied in temperature, time, rinsing temperature....

There is a growing demand for high-quality natural fibers, including flax which possess bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Traditional methods like dew retting are commonly used fiber production, but alternative approaches sought enhanced quality. This study presents novel method involving cottonization to improve the quality of fibers obtained from low-quality decorticated fibers. The research evaluates enhancement through various stages...