A5000055728- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Bryophyte Studies and Records
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Plant and animal studies
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Forest Management and Policy
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Study of Mite Species
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
James Hutton Institute
2015-2024
ASM International
2020
Burnet Institute
2020
Ultimate Software (United States)
2019
University of Liverpool
2000-2003
Abstract Atmospheric nitrogen ( N ) deposition is a global and increasing threat to biodiversity ecosystem function. Much of our current understanding impacts comes from field manipulation studies, although interpretation may need caution where simulations (in terms dose, application rate form) have limited realism. Here, we review responses simulated the UKREATE network, group nine experimental sites across UK in diversity heathland, grassland, bog dune ecosystems which include studies with...
Significance Accurate prediction of community responses to global change drivers (GCDs) is critical given the effects biodiversity on ecosystem services. There consensus that human activities are driving species extinctions at scale, but debate remains over whether GCDs systematically altering local communities worldwide. Across 105 experiments included 400 experimental manipulations, we found evidence for a lagged response herbaceous plant caused by shifts in identities and relative...
Findings from nitrogen (N) manipulation studies have provided strong evidence of the detrimental impacts elevated N deposition on structure and functioning heathland ecosystems. Few studies, however, sought to establish whether experimentally observed responses are also apparent under natural, field conditions. This paper presents findings a nationwide field-scale evaluation British heathlands, across broad geographical, climatic pollution gradients. Fifty two heathlands were selected an...
Abstract Aims We introduce ReSurveyEurope — a new data source of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe, compiled by collaborative network scientists. describe the scope this initiative, provide an overview currently available data, governance, contribution rules, and accessibility. In addition, we outline further steps, including potential research questions. Results includes from all habitats. Version 1.0 contains 283,135 observations (i.e., individual surveys each plot) 79,190 sampled 449...
Abstract Global change is impacting plant community composition, but the mechanisms underlying these changes are unclear. Using a dataset of 58 global experiments, we tested five fundamental change: in evenness and richness, reordering, species gains losses. We found 71% communities were impacted by treatments, 88% that exposed to two or more drivers impacted. Further, all equally likely be affected treatments—species losses richness just as common reordering. also no evidence progression...
Summary Low‐alpine heathlands world‐wide have high biodiversity value but are increasingly impacted by the effects of nitrogen deposition as well fire and grazing. We conducted a 5‐year fertilization experiment to examine interactive these three factors on vegetation diversity species composition. Factorial combinations addition (0, 10, 20 50 kg N ha −1 year ), burning (burned once or not burned) grazing (annual clipping, 0% 12% current shoots removed) were applied internationally important...
Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease that causes heavy burden on societies. Namibia, country in southern Africa, aiming at controlling the its main reservoir, domestic dog. To facilitate implementation comprehensive information ecology and epidemiology of surveillance utmost importance. The study presented assesses baseline data for both human animal rabies Namibia recent times establishes correlations with ecological socio-economic order to provide an up-to-date picture Namibia. For instance,...
Abstract Low‐alpine heathlands are thought to be particularly sensitive nitrogen (N) deposition, climate and land management change, yet little is known about how these factors regulate key belowground processes, like litter turnover, under field conditions. Here we use an in situ factorial experiment test the effects of increased atmospheric N manipulation past vegetation burning, their interactions, on decomposition activity diversity associated microorganisms. The from within (native)...
Abstract Ecosystems are subject to multiple, natural and anthropogenic environmental influences, including nitrogen ( N ) deposition, land use climate. Assessment of the relative importance these influences on biodiversity ecosystem functioning is crucial for guiding policy management decisions mitigate global change; yet, few studies consider multiple drivers. In UK , ongoing loss internationally important arctic/alpine moss‐sedge community, R acomitrium heath, has been linked elevated high...
Abstract Question Dwarf shrub moorland dominated by ericaceous plants is a distinctive, internationally important feature of northwest Europe, with its stronghold in Scotland. There have been major declines condition and extent. How has composition changed within Scotland over the past ca. 35 yr what role climate change, pollution grazing driving these changes? Location Five hundred forty locations across Scotland, UK. Methods We used long‐term resurvey approach to assess change Scottish...
Summary In alpine ecosystems, nitrogen (N) deposition has been linked to plant community composition change, including loss of bryophytes and increase graminoids. Since bryophyte growth is stimulated by increased N availability, it hypothesized that cover driven enhanced decomposition. As mats are a significant carbon (C) store, their may impact C storage in these ecosystems. We used an gradient across 15 sites the UK examine effects on litter quality, decomposition stocks Racomitrium...
Abstract. The design of a cell‐based spatial simulation model heathland vegetation dynamics including the impacts rainfall, nitrogen deposition and management is described. includes aspects life history, colonization seed dispersal for Calluna vulgaris Deschampsia flexuosa , common grass. interactive effects by cutting or rotovating on dynamics, particularly relative cover are investigated. Management resulted in more stable with pure stands being persistent longer term expanding slowly when...
Abstract Understanding the chemical composition of our planet's crust was one biggest questions 20th century. More than 100 years later, we are still far from understanding global patterns in bioavailability and spatial coupling elements topsoils worldwide, despite their importance for productivity functioning terrestrial ecosystems. Here, measured thirteen macro‐ micronutrients phytotoxic (3–8 cm) a range ecosystems across all continents (∼10,000 observations) response to change...