A5017484915- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Gut microbiota and health
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Immune cells in cancer
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Indiana University
2013-2025
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
2015-2024
University Medical Center
2007-2024
Indiana University School of Medicine
2014-2024
University Hospital and Clinics
2005-2024
Indiana University Indianapolis
2014-2023
Royal Brompton Hospital
2019
Helmholtz Zentrum München
2019
Imperial College London
2019
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2019
Rationale: Results from 16S rDNA-encoding gene sequence–based, culture-independent techniques have led to conflicting conclusions about the composition of lower respiratory tract microbiome.Objectives: To compare microbiome upper and in healthy HIV-uninfected nonsmokers smokers a multicenter cohort.Methods: Participants were without significant comorbidities. Oral washes bronchoscopic alveolar lavages collected standardized manner. Sequence analysis bacterial rRNA-encoding genes was...
Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<CASE REPORTSMETHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Lung infections caused by opportunistic or virulent pathogens are a principal cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV infection. It is unknown whether infection leads to changes basal lung microflora, which may contribute chronic pulmonary complications that increasingly being recognized individuals infected with HIV.To determine the immunodeficiency associated resulted alteration microbiota.We used 16S ribosomal RNA targeted pyrosequencing shotgun metagenomic sequencing analyze bacterial...
The ACTA-Scanner has virtually unlimited potential in the evaluation of any part body. usefulness technique already been shown appraisal pathologies brain and cerebrospinal fluid cavities. orbits eyeballs, facial sinuses, skull base lesions have also elucidated. Tumors larynx, pharynx, thyroid, parathyroid; lymphomas; pathology spine spinal cord are well within reach this new diagnostic methodology. Lung pathologies, such as emphysema, pneumonias, neoplasms, infarctions, pleural effusions...
Improved understanding of the lung microbiome in HIV-infected individuals could lead to better strategies for diagnosis, therapy, and prophylaxis HIV-associated pneumonias. Differences oral microbiomes HIV-uninfected are not well defined. Whether highly active antiretroviral therapy influences these is unclear.We determined whether differed clinically healthy groups subjects.Participating sites Lung HIV Microbiome Project contributed bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing data from washes...
Both delirium duration and severity are associated with adverse patient outcomes. Serum biomarkers in ICU patients have not been reliably identified. We conducted our study to identify peripheral representing systemic inflammation, impaired neuroprotection, astrocyte activation duration, severity, in-hospital mortality.Observational study.Three Indianapolis hospitals.Three-hundred twenty-one critically ill delirious patients.None.We analyzed the associations between collected at onset...
Rationale: Previous work found the lung microbiome in healthy subjects infected with HIV was similar to that uninfected subjects. We hypothesized from more advanced disease would differ of an control population.Objectives: To measure HIV-infected population disease.Methods: 16s RNA gene sequencing performed on acellular bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid 30 (baseline mean CD4 count, 262 cells/mm3) before and up 3 years after starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) compared 22...
The incidence of tuberculosis is increasing on a global scale, in part due to its strong association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Attachment Mycobacterium host cell, the alveolar macrophage (AM), an important early step pathogenesis Bronchoalveolar lavage HIV-infected individuals demonstrated presence factor which significantly enhances attachment tubercle bacilli AMs 3-fold relative normal control population. This surfactant protein A (SP-A). SP-A levels are increased...
Analysis of the cardiovascular manifestations caused by loss thoracic kyphosis has been incomplete. Accordingly, this study was designed to investigate physical signs and electrocardiographic, radiologic, hemodynamic, pulmonary ventilatory features skeletal defect. Twenty-three patients with straight spines in lateral chest x-rays were selected. Ratios anteroposterior transthoracic dimensions uniformly below a mean derived from 100 normal subjects. Cardiac included pulmonic ejection murmurs,...
Complement activation, an integral arm of innate immunity, may be the critical link to pathogenesis idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Whereas we have previously reported elevated anaphylatoxins-complement component 3a (C3a) and complement 5a (C5a)-in IPF, which interact with TGF-β augment epithelial injury in vitro, their role IPF remains unclear. The objective current study is determine mechanistic binding C3a/C5a respective receptors (C3aR C5aR) progression lung fibrosis. In normal...
SIV DNA can be detected in lymphoid tissue–resident macrophages of chronically SIV-infected Asian macaques. These also contain evidence recently phagocytosed CD4+ T cells. Here, we examine whether these replication-competent virus, viral tissue-resident from antiretroviral (ARV) therapy–treated animals and humans, how the sequences amplified contemporaneous cells compare. In ARV-naive animals, find that virus if they The genetic sequence within is similar to those same anatomic sites....
Domestic combustion of biomass fuels, such as wood, charcoal, crop residue and dung causes Household Air Pollution (HAP). These inhaled particulates affect more than half the world's population, causing respiratory problems infection inflammatory lung disease. We examined whether presence black carbon in alveolar macrophages was associated with alterations microbiome a Malawi population. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples from 44 healthy adults were sequenced using 16S rDNA amplification to...
Studies suggest smokers have decreased alveolar macrophage (AM) accessory cell (AC) function and a reduced incidence of immune-mediated lung diseases such as sarcoidosis. Impaired AM secretion cytokines important in T-cell immune responses could explain this observation. We investigated production interleukin-1 (IL-1) interleukin-6 (IL-6) nonsmokers. Lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1 was significantly compared with nonsmoker AM. However, intracellular smoker higher than nonsmokers, suggesting...
A decreased clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) by alveolar macrophages (AM) may contribute to inflammation in emphysema. The up-regulation ceramides response cigarette smoking (CS) has been linked AM accumulation and increased detection epithelial endothelial lung parenchyma. We hypothesized that inhibit the phagocytosis cells. Release endogenous via sphingomyelinase or exogenous ceramide treatments dose-dependently impaired Jurkat cell primary rat human AM, irrespective molecular...
Pulmonary emphysema is a disease characterized by alveolar cellular loss and inflammation. Recently, excessive apoptosis of structural cells has emerged as major mechanism in the development emphysema. Here, we investigated proapoptotic monocyte chemoattractant cytokine endothelial monocyte-activating protein 2 (EMAPII). Lung-specific overexpression EMAPII mice caused simplification structures, apoptosis, macrophage accumulation, compared with that control transgenic mice. Additionally,...
The ACTA-scanner, a device for computerized axial tomography, permits cross-sectional radiographic study of the entire human body, including spine. In ACTA-scan, spinal cord appears as roundish formation surrounded by less dense subarachnoidal cerebrospinal fluid. spines 18 patients with verified (nine cases) or suspected syringomyelia were studied ACTA-scanning. seven and in four nonverified cases, some evidence cavitation was shown. cystic part cervical-cord ependymoma also demonstrated....
Radiographic analysis of the osseous system was performed in 110 consecutive patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Thirty-eight had radiographic evidence bone involvement, predominantly osteolytic. Nine (8.2%) demonstrated osteoblastic changes which were correlated to cell type, bone-marrow examination, 85Sr scan, and pathology. These results indicate that (a) squamous-cell anaplastic large-cell carcinoma lung are primary causes local destructive lesions, (b) small-cell adenocarcinoma...
Abstract Rationale WW domain-containing oxidoreductase ( WWOX ) is a gene associated implicated in both neurologic and inflammatory diseases susceptible to environmental stressors. We hypothesize partial loss of Wwox function will result increased sepsis severity neuroinflammation. Methods WT/P47T mice, generated by CRISPR/Cas9, WT/WT mice were treated with intraperitoneal PBS vs LPS (10mg/kg) euthanized 12 hours post-injection. Open Field Testing (OFT) Murine Sepsis Severity Scores (MSS)...
It remains a mystery why HIV-associated end-organ pathologies persist in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART). One possible mechanism is continued production HIV-encoded proteins latently HIV-infected T cells and macrophages. The proapoptotic protein HIV-Nef persists blood ART-treated patients within extracellular vesicles (EVs) peripheral mononuclear cells. Here we demonstrate that present EVs isolated from BAL on ART. We hypothesize persistence lung induces endothelial...