A5067519373- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Sex work and related issues
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Complement system in diseases
California University of Pennsylvania
2004-2025
University of Pennsylvania
2015-2024
Future University Hakodate
2011-2024
Family Health International 360
2024
Penn Center for AIDS Research
2011-2023
Harlem United
2023
Janssen (Belgium)
2023
Office of Infectious Diseases
1999-2022
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
1994-2022
Janssen (United States)
2020-2022
CCR5 is the major coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We investigated whether site-specific modification of gene ("gene editing")--in this case, infusion autologous CD4 T cells in which was rendered permanently dysfunctional by a zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN)--is safe.We enrolled 12 patients an open-label, nonrandomized, uncontrolled study single dose ZFN-modified cells. The had chronic aviremic HIV infection while they were receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Six...
Defining the biogeography of bacterial populations in human body habitats is a high priority for understanding microbial-host relationships health and disease. The healthy lung was traditionally considered sterile, but this notion has been challenged by emerging molecular approaches that enable comprehensive examination microbial communities. However, studies are challenging due to difficulties working with low biomass samples.Our goal use methods define microbiota present lungs individuals...
Immune memory after vaccination Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has proven highly effective at preventing COVID-19. However, the evolution of viral variants, and waning antibody levels over time, raise questions regarding longevity vaccine-induced immune protection. Goel et al . examined B T lymphocyte responses in individuals who received SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccines. They performed a 6-month longitudinal study never had infection...
Safe and effective long-acting injectable agents for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are needed to increase the options preventing HIV infection.
A safe and effective vaccine for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is a global priority. We tested efficacy DNA prime-recombinant adenovirus 5 boost (DNA/rAd5) regimen in persons at increased risk HIV-1 United States.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, asymptomatic or with acquired virus, produced 10-fold less interleukin 12 (IL-12) free heavy chain and fivefold biologically active IL-12 heterodimer than PBMC uninfected healthy donors when challenged in vitro the common pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. In contrast, HIV-infected individuals control similar levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-10, three- to fourfold more IL-6...
Whether a broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) can be used to prevent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) acquisition is unclear.
Many immune correlates of CD8+ T-cell-mediated control HIV replication, including polyfunctionality, proliferative ability, and inhibitory receptor expression, have been discovered. However, no functional using ex vivo cells identified with the known ability to cause direct elimination HIV-infected cells. We recently discovered human T-cells rapidly upregulate perforin—an essential molecule for cell-mediated cytotoxicity—following antigen-specific stimulation. Here, we examined perforin...
<h3>Importance</h3> Preventive interventions are needed to protect residents and staff of skilled nursing assisted living facilities from COVID-19 during outbreaks in their facilities. Bamlanivimab, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2, may confer rapid protection SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine the effect bamlanivimab on incidence among <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> Randomized, double-blind, single-dose, phase 3 trial that enrolled 74...
Health care workers (HCWs) caring for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at risk of exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, our knowledge, there is no effective pharmacologic prophylaxis individuals risk.To evaluate the efficacy hydroxychloroquine prevent transmission SARS-CoV-2 in hospital-based HCWs COVID-19 using a pre-exposure strategy.This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (the Prevention and Treatment With...
Significant differences in hesitancy to receive COVID-19 vaccination by race/ethnicity have been observed several settings. Racial/ethnic vaccine among health care workers (HCWs), who face occupational and community exposure COVID-19, not well described.To assess HCWs across different racial/ethnic groups factors associated with hesitancy.This survey study was conducted from 2 large academic hospitals (ie, a children's hospital an adult hospital) over 3-week period November December 2020....
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) induces differentiation of T helper 1 (Th1) cells, primarily through its ability to prime cells for high interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production. We now report that the presence IL-12 during first several days in vitro clonal expansion limiting dilution cultures polyclonally stimulated human peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ also stable priming IL-10 This effect was demonstrated with from both healthy donors HIV+ patients. Priming IL-4 production, which requires IL-4,...
The persistence of HIV-1 in virally suppressed infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) remains a major therapeutic problem. use cytokines has been envisioned as an additional strategy to stimulate latent proviruses these individuals. Immune activation using IL-2 shown some promise. In the present study, we found that IL-7 was significantly more effective at enhancing proviral reactivation than either alone or combined with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) CD8-depleted...
Abstract Background Cytokine flow cytometry (CFC) or intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) can quantitate antigen-specific T cell responses in settings such as experimental vaccination. Standardization of ICS among laboratories performing vaccine studies would provide a common platform by which to compare the immunogenicity different candidates across multiple international organizations conducting clinical trials. As such, study was carried out several involved HIV trials, define inter-lab...
The persistence of HIV-1 in virally suppressed infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) remains a major therapeutic problem. use cytokines has been envisioned as an additional strategy to stimulate latent proviruses these individuals. Immune activation using IL-2 shown some promise. In the present study, we found that IL-7 was significantly more effective at enhancing proviral reactivation than either alone or combined with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) CD8-depleted...
Natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF), or interleukin 12 (IL-12), is a heterodimeric lymphokine produced by B cells that has multiple effects on T and NK functions. NKSF at concentrations as low 0.4 pM enhances the spontaneous cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) against variety tumor-derived target lines virus-infected cells. The combined treatment PBL with IL-2 results in less than additive enhancement cytotoxicity. spontaneously CD16+CD5- does not confer to...
Background. Antiretroviral therapy (ART)–mediated immune reconstitution fails to restore the capacity of system spontaneously control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication.
Background. DNA vaccines have been very poorly immunogenic in humans but an effective priming modality prime-boost regimens. Methods to increase the immunogenicity of are needed.
We describe a novel function of the Fc receptor herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), its ability to participate in antibody bipolar bridging. This refers binding single immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule by Fab end antigenic target and an (FcR). demonstrate that various immune IgG antibodies, including polyclonal rabbit antibodies HSV-1 glycoproteins gC1 gD1 monoclonal human blocked rosetting IgG-coated erythrocytes at concentrations 100- 2,000-fold lower than required for rosette inhibition...
Background World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for monitoring HIV-infected individuals taking combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in resource-limited settings recommend using CD4+ T cell (CD4) count changes to monitor treatment effectiveness. In practice, however, falling CD4 counts are a consequence, rather than cause, of virologic failure. Adherence lapses precede failure and, unlike counts, data on adherence immediately available all clinics dispensing cART. However, the...