A5067019382- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Sex work and related issues
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Genital Health and Disease
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Electronic Health Records Systems
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Menstrual Health and Disorders
- ICT in Developing Communities
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Malaria Research and Control
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Travel-related health issues
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2016-2025
Habitat for Humanity
2024
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
2024
Center for Global Health
2022
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2014-2017
Introduction Secondary school closures aimed at limiting the number of infections and deaths due to COVID-19 may have amplified negative sexual reproductive health (SRH) schooling outcomes vulnerable adolescent girls. This study measure pandemic-related effects on pregnancy dropout among school-going girls in Kenya. Methods We report longitudinal findings 910 their last 2 years secondary school. The took place 12 day schools rural western Kenya between 2018 2021. Using a causal-comparative...
HIV risk remains unacceptably high among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in southern eastern Africa, reflecting structural social inequities that drive new infections. In 2015, PEPFAR (the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief) with private-sector partners launched the DREAMS Partnership, an ambitious package of interventions 10 sub-Saharan African countries. aims to reduce incidence by 40% AGYW over two years addressing multiple causes vulnerability. This protocol...
Females in low and middle income countries (LMICs) have difficulty coping with menstrual needs, but few studies examined the social or health implications of these needs.Responses from 3418 menstruating females aged 13-29 years were extracted an HIV behavioral risks cross-sectional survey conducted rural western Kenya. We sanitary products used, provision sexual partners transactional sex, demographic exposures.Overall, 75% reported using commercial pads 25% used traditional materials such...
The Network for Analysing Longitudinal Population-based HIV/AIDS data on Africa (ALPHA Network, http://alpha.lshtm.ac.uk/) brings together ten population-based HIV surveillance sites in eastern and southern Africa, is coordinated by the London School of Hygiene Tropical Medicine (LSHTM).It was established 2005 aims to (i) broaden evidence base epidemiology informing policy, (ii) strengthen analytical capacity research, (iii) foster collaboration between network members.All study sites, some...
The DREAMS Partnership is an ambitious effort to deliver combinations of biomedical, behavioural and structural interventions reduce HIV incidence among adolescent girls young women (AGYW). To inform multi-sectoral programming at scale, across diverse settings in Kenya South Africa, we identified who the programme reaching, with which what combinations.Randomly-selected cohorts 606 AGYW aged 10-14 years 1081 15-22 Nairobi 2184 13-22 uMkhanyakude, KwaZulu-Natal, were enrolled 2017, after ~ 1...
As the epidemiological transition progresses throughout sub-Saharan Africa, life lived with diseases is an increasingly important part of a population’s burden disease. The disease climate-sensitive health outcomes projected to increase considerably within next decades. Objectively measured, reliable population data still limited and primarily based on perceived illness from recall. Technological advances like non-invasive, consumer-grade wearable devices may play vital role in alleviating...
Background Through a multisectoral approach, the DREAMS Partnership aimed to reduce HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) by 40% over 2 years in high-burden districts across sub-Saharan Africa. promotes combination package of evidence-based interventions individual, family, partner, community-based drivers women’s heightened risk. We evaluated impact on AGYW men settings. Methods findings directly estimated rates open population-based cohorts participating demographic...
Background Nonhygienic products for managing menstruation are reported to cause reproductive tract infections. Menstrual cups a potential solution. We assessed whether menstrual would reduce bacterial vaginosis (BV), vaginal microbiome (VMB), and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as studies have not evaluated this. Methods findings A cluster randomized controlled trial was performed in 96 Kenyan secondary schools, (1:1:1:1) control, cup, cash transfer, or cup plus transfer. This...
Out-of-school girls are at higher risk of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) harms. Schools provide a protective environment for adolescents lessen their exposure to such risks. This paper explores factors associated with school dropout, activity, marriage pregnancy among out-of-school in western Kenya. Eligible were systematically recruited from area households Siaya County. Generalised linear models fit obtain adjusted ORs (aOR) 95% CIs key covariates against individual outcomes. Factors...
Background: In Kenya, the DREAMS Partnership aims to reduce new HIV cases amongadolescent girls and young women (AGYW; aged 10-24) through a comprehensive programme ofinterventions. The impact of varies across settings but reasons for this are not wellunderstood. One potential reason is differential implementation interventionsdue on-the-ground adaptations made by implementers. We sought understand if, how,and why delivery was adapted in three Kenyan settings, so that complex...
The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives healthcare providers on advantages and disadvantages integrating HIV care services, including highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), into antenatal (ANC) clinics in rural Kenya. We conducted a qualitative using in-depth interviews thematic analysis; 36 from six health centres Nyanza Province, Kenya participated. Effects service included increased workload due incorporation specialised services ANC clinics. Providers observed that...
Abstract Introduction Surveillance of recent HIV infections in national testing services has the potential to inform primary prevention programming activities. Focusing on procedures required accurately determine infection, and for infection surveillance efforts, we present results three independent but linked pilots recency testing. Methods To distinguish recently acquired from long‐standing 2018 applied a Recent Infection Testing Algorithm that combined laboratory‐based Limiting Antigen...
Background Adolescence is a sensitive time for girls’ sexual and reproductive health (SRH), as biological changes occur concurrently with heightening pressures activity. In western Kenya, adolescent girls are vulnerable to acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such HIV herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), becoming pregnant prior reaching adulthood. This study examines associations between individual, household, partner-related risk factors the prevalence of sex, pregnancy, HIV,...
Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV prevalence in adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) is 2-fold to 3-fold higher than that boys men. Understanding AGYW's perception of risk essential for prevention efforts. Methods: We analyzed data from a biobehavioral survey conducted western Kenya 2018. Data AGYW aged 15–24 years who had documented status were included. calculated weighted evaluated factors associated with outcomes interest (HIV infection high perception) using generalized linear...
Background Climate change increasingly impacts health, particularly of rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa due to their limited resources for adaptation. Understanding these remains a challenge, as continuous monitoring vital signs such is limited. Wearable devices (wearables) present viable approach studying on human health real time. Objective The aim this study was assess the feasibility and effectiveness consumer-grade wearables measuring weather exposure physiological responses...
Limited antiretroviral treatment regimens in resource-limited settings require long-term sustainability of patients on the few available options. We evaluated incidence and predictors combined (cART) modifications, an outpatient cohort 955 who initiated cART between January 2009 2011 western Kenya.cART modification was defined as either first time single drug substitution or switch. Incidence rates were determined by Poisson regression risk factor analysis assessed using multivariate Cox...
Abstract Background Adolescent girls in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionally vulnerable to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) harms. In western Kenya, where unprotected transactional sex is common, young females face higher rates of school dropout, often due pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. Staying has shown protect against early marriage, teen HIV infection. This study evaluates the impact menstrual cups cash transfer interventions on a composite...
High rates of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) harms interrupted schooling are global challenges for adolescent girls, requiring effective interventions. We assessed the impact menstrual cups (MCs) or cash transfers conditioned on school attendance (CCTs), both, SRH outcomes in western Kenya.
There is little evidence that electronic medical record (EMR) use associated with better compliance clinical guidelines on initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among ART-eligible HIV patients. We assessed the effect transitioning from paper-based to an EMR-based system appropriate placement ART eligible patients.We conducted a retrospective, pre-post EMR study patients enrolled in care and for at 17 rural Kenyan clinics compared the: (1) proportion based CD4 count or WHO staging who...
The monitoring of pre-antiretroviral therapy (pre-ART) is a key indicator HIV quality care. This study investigated the association an electronic medical record system (EMR) with adherence to pre-ART guidelines in rural clinics Kenya.A retrospective was carried out assess care using three indicators: (1) performance baseline CD4 test, (2) time from enrollment first and (3) second test. A comparison these indicators made pre post introduction EMR 17 clinics.A total 18523 patients were...
The vaginal microbiome (VMB) impacts numerous health outcomes, but evaluation among adolescents is limited. We characterized the VMB via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and its association with Bacterial vaginosis (BV) sexually transmitted infections (STIs; chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis) 436 schoolgirls in Kenya, median age 16.9 years. BV STI prevalence was 11.2% 9.9%, respectively, 17.6% of girls having any reproductive tract infection. Three community state types (CST) accounted...