The objective of the study was to assess relationship between breastfeeding and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) during first year life, with special reference maternal smoking. A cohort 3,754 children born in 1992-1993 City Oslo, Norway recruited data were collected at birth, 6 12 months age. Complete information obtained from 3,238 (follow-up rate 86%). main outcome an episode a LRTI, such as pneumonia, bronchitis or bronchiolitis, based on self-administered questionnaire...

To assess by echocardiography the occurrence and degree of late cardiac sequelae after treatment for Hodgkin's disease radiation chemotherapy.In Norway from 1980 to 1988, 129 patients < 50 years old with had curative mediastinal radiation, or without chemotherapy. 116 (90%) these (mean (SD) age 37 (7) years, 67 males) were examined 5-13 treatment. 40 healthy individuals (11), 20 as controls. All those in regular sinus rhythm.Grade > 1 (scale 0-3) aortic and/or mitral valvar regurgitation was...

Objectives Declining participation in epidemiological studies has been reported recent decades and may lead to biased prevalence estimates selection bias. The aim of the study was identify possible causes effects non-response a population-based respiratory health Norway. Design Telemark is longitudinal that began with cross-sectional survey 2013. Setting In 2013, random sample 50 000 inhabitants aged 16–50 years, living county, received validated postal questionnaire. response rate 33%. this...

OBJECTIVES To examine whether underground construction workers exposed to tunnelling pollutants over a follow up period of 8 years have an increased risk decline in lung function and respiratory symptoms compared with reference subjects working outside the tunnel atmosphere, relate findings job groups cumulative exposure dust gases. METHODS 96 Tunnel group 249 other heavy were examined 1991 re-examined 1999. Exposure measurements carried out estimate personal total dust, respirable α-quartz,...

The healthy worker effect and incomplete exposure information have been problems in former studies regarding the association between to Portland cement dust respiratory effects. We included workers made an individual estimation of particle reduce selection bias this controlled cross-sectional study on effects symptoms ventilatory function long-term exposed Norwegian plant workers. A total 119 from largest Norway 50 a nearby control plant, born 1918 1938, performed spirometry gave 1998 1999....

AIMS/BACKGROUND Proton beam radiotherapy can effectively treat primary uveal melanomas of any size. Some patients, however, develop adverse late effects following treatment and the purpose this study was to determine which factors give rise a poor local outcome. METHODS The hospital records from first cohort 127 patients treated by protons 1989 1992 were reviewed retrospectively. presence rubeosis selected as measure significant ocular damage. Split file analysis performed with 73 cases...

Cement dust exposure has previously been associated with airway symptoms and ventilatory impairment. The aim of the present study was to examine lung function among employees in different jobs at levels thoracic cement production industry. At start a 4-yr prospective cohort 2007, dust, were recorded cross-sectionally 4,265 24 European plants. Bronchial assessed by 2,670 full-shift samples cyclones collecting aerosol fraction. A job matrix constructed grouping concentrations according type...

Self-reported exposure data are vulnerable to differential recall, which threatens the internal validity and thus credibility of study. When a proxy measure interest is available, it may be possible check for presence recall bias due misclassification information. We present number indicators case-control studies, we describe their behavior by means computer simulations. The all based upon comparison between self-reported on job titles grouped into exposure-specific matrices. assumption that...

The methods currently used for measuring environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure among small children all have their limitations. aim of this study was to compare the results questionnaire assessments children's ETS with cotinine measurements in urine and nicotine hair, a new method estimating average exposure.Questionnaire information on sample hair were collected from 94 aged 12-36 months. A analysis obtained 72 children.Nicotine found samples samples. Compared registered as unexposed...

The influence of occupational work exposure and host factors on the incidence dyspnea wheezing as reported in questionnaires was examined 1,301 new employees aluminum electrolytic potrooms. appeared to decrease after 2 yr exposure, estimated probability development symptoms nearly 20% 4 yr. A total 105 subjects developed wheezing. Of 78 symptomatic who were interviewed, 76% experienced improvement or absence when off work. In 523 assigned specific levels at end follow-up, a dose-response...

Background: The objective of the study was to assess relationship between maternal smoking habits and biomarkers tobacco smoke measured in cord serum. Methods: population comprised 202 mothers, 42 daily smokers, 24 occasional smokers 136 nonsmokers. Information on collected a self‐administered questionnaire at birth compared with cotinine thiocyanate concentrations Results: In linear regression analysis, unit increase cigarette corresponded 4.4 ng/ml (95% CI: 1.1‐7.6) concentration 2.3...

In a survey of 370 aluminium potroom workers in western Norway, bronchial responsiveness, lung function, and respiratory symptoms were studied relation to occupational exposure air contaminants the potroom. Increased prevalences symptoms, work related asthmatic abnormal function found subjects exposed total fluorides above 0.5 mg/m3 when compared with at concentrations less than mg/m3. No significant association between responsiveness fluoride was prevalence independent degree dust exposure....

The association of occupational exposure with respiratory disease and lung function was examined in a cross-sectional study 1805 aluminum potroom workers. Work-related asthmatic symptoms occurred 15% the workers an 10 years or more 8% who had been employed less than five years. In multiple logistic regression analysis odds ratio (OR) 3.4 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.1-5.8] for work-related estimated long versus short duration employment. Airflow limitation also significantly related...

Obesity may cause adverse effects on the respiratory system. The main purpose of this study was to investigate how various measures obesity are related arterial blood gases and pulmonary function.This is a cross-sectional consecutive morbidly obese patients with normal lung function. Blood gas samples were taken from radial artery after 5 min rest subjects sitting upright. Lung function measurements included dynamic spirometry, static volumes, diffusing capacity.The 149 (77% women) had mean...

Airway complications remain a significant cause of morbidity after lung transplantation. The majority the centres that have published their results used metal stents.We report long-term outcome silicone stenting and subsequent stent removal in transplant recipients with stenotic airway complications.From 1990 to 2008, 279 patients received 88 single, 170 double, 21 heart-and-lung transplantations. Of 470 anastomoses at risk, 44 developed were treated 35 patients. Six lesions Nd:YAG laser...

Objectives The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence respiratory symptoms and physician-diagnosed asthma assess impact current occupational exposure. Design Cross-sectional analyses self-reported health association with exposure in a random sample general population Telemark County, Norway. Settings In 2013, self-administered questionnaire mailed population, aged 16–50, Telemark, overall response rate 33%, comprising 16 099 responders. Outcome measures for asthma, OR groups...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the weight gain during first year of life in relation to maternal smoking pregnancy and duration breastfeeding. DESIGN: This was a one cohort study. SETTING: The city Oslo, Norway. PARTICIPANTS: Altogether 3020 children born Oslo 1992-93. Children were divided into three groups as follows: 2208 non-smoking mothers, 451 mothers who light smokers (&lt; 10 cigarettes per day), 261 heavy (&gt; or = day). MAIN RESULTS: mean birth weights 3616 g, 3526 3382 g 1 body 10,056...

Asthma is primarily an airways inflammatory disease, and the bronchial have been shown to be particularly susceptible oxidant-induced tissue damage. The antioxidant ascorbic acid (AA) plays essential role in defending against oxidant attack airways. Decreased levels of AA reported plasma BAL fluid asthmatics, but not at site directly proximal asthma pathology, We investigated whether asthmatics deficient compared healthy subjects. performed induced sputum (IS) a group mild (n = 16) controls...