A5030330229- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Esophageal and GI Pathology
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
University of Oxford
2015-2024
University of Leeds
2010-2024
Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit
2024
Nova Scotia Health Authority
2024
Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust
2002-2023
Pediatrics and Genetics
2023
USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute
2022
University of South Florida
2022
Florida College
2022
Eisai (Japan)
2022
Recent studies suggest that vascular disease may contribute to the cause of Alzheimer (AD). Since elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) level is a risk factor for disease, it also be relevant AD.To examine association AD with blood levels tHcy, and its biological determinants folate vitamin B12.Case-control study 164 patients, aged 55 years or older, clinical diagnosis dementia type (DAT), including 76 patients histologically confirmed 108 control subjects.Referral population hospital...
Abstract A model is proposed for integrating the neural and cognitive aspects of positive symptoms acute schizophrenia, using evidence from postmortem neuropathology neurochemistry, clinical preclinical studies dopaminergic neurotransmission, anatomical connections between limbic system basal ganglia, attentional other abnormalities underlying specific animal models some these abnormalities, previous attempts to functions septohippocampal motor ganglia. Anatomically, emphasises projections...
The coexistence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), and cholecystokinin (CCK)- or somatostatin- immunoreactive material in the same neurons was studied hippocampus visual cortex cat. One-micrometer-thick serial sections neuron were reacted to reveal different antigens by unlabeled antibody enzyme method. All CCK- all CCK-immunoreactive majority somatostatin-immunoreactive that could be examined also for GABA. In GAD it often possible demonstrate immunoreactivity...
Background An increased rate of brain atrophy is often observed in older subjects, particular those who suffer from cognitive decline. Homocysteine a risk factor for atrophy, impairment and dementia. Plasma concentrations homocysteine can be lowered by dietary administration B vitamins. Objective To determine whether supplementation with vitamins that lower levels plasma total slow the subjects mild randomised controlled trial (VITACOG, ISRCTN 94410159). Methods Findings Single-center,...
Abstract— The effect of l ‐tryptophan loading upon the amount 5‐HT accumulating in brains rats pretreated with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor was studied. brain accumulated increased increasing tryptophan dosages and concentrations up to dose 120 mg/kg body wt. about 70 μg/g brain. Above this concentration no further increase accumulation occurred. After inhibition gross hyperactivity hyperpyrexia Monoamine inhibition, administration intact aromatic amino acid decarboxylase activity were all...
Background Late Onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the leading cause of dementia. Recent large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified first strongly supported LOAD susceptibility genes since discovery involvement APOE in early 1990s. We have now exploited these GWAS datasets to uncover key pathophysiological processes. Methodology applied a recently developed tool for mining data biologically meaningful information dataset. The principal findings were then tested an independent...
Is it possible to prevent atrophy of key brain regions related cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)? One approach is modify nongenetic risk factors, for instance by lowering elevated plasma homocysteine using B vitamins. In an initial, randomized controlled study on elderly subjects with increased dementia (mild impairment according 2004 Petersen criteria), we showed that high-dose B-vitamin treatment (folic acid 0.8 mg, vitamin B6 20 B12 0.5 mg) slowed shrinkage the whole volume...
Abstract Following the injection of horseradish peroxidase into ipsilaeral substantia nigra, 36 retrogradely labelled neurons in striatum were characterized (in three rats) by Golgi staining and gold toning: each neuron was medium‐size, densely spinous type. Prior to peroxidase, two rats had lesions placed ipsilateral motor cortex, third rat a lesion frontal prefrontal cortex. In electron microscope, degenerating boutons cortical found asymmetrical synaptic contact with spines proximal...
Highly purified chromaffin granules can be obtained from homogenates of either ox, pig, horse or rat adrenal medullae by ultracentrifugation the large-granule fraction layered on 1.6m-sucrose solution, using angle-head rotors. The are as a pink sediment that is only slightly contaminated mitochondria and lysosomes.
Homocysteine is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. In the first report on VITACOG trial, we showed that homocysteine-lowering treatment with B vitamins slows rate of brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Here effect and clinical decline (secondary outcomes) same study.This was double-blind, single-centre study, which included participants MCI, aged ≥ 70 y, randomly assigned to receive daily dose 0.8 mg folic acid, 0.5 vitamin B(12) 20 B(6) (133 participants) or placebo 2 y....
Several pieces of evidence have been established which indicate that adenosine 3' ,5'-monophosphate is the intracellular mediator action adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) on adrenal cortex.1. Increases in cyclic AMP concentrations induced by ACTH occurred before increases rate steroidogenesis.2. Increasing doses produced increasing as steroidogenesis was progressively stimulated, and remained elevated while maintained.3. The potency analogues producing stimulation reflected their...