A5019767732- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2017-2023
Ministry of Health
2013-2022
Médecins Sans Frontières
2015
Creative Commons
2015
Médecins Sans Frontières
2015
Vétérinaires Sans Frontières Suisse
2015
Background We aimed to determine the prevalence of pulmonary TB amongst adult population (≥15 years) in 2016 Kenya. Method A nationwide cross-sectional survey where participants first underwent symptom screening and chest x-ray. Subsequently, who reported cough >2weeks and/or had a x-ray suggestive TB, submitted sputum specimen for laboratory examination by smear microscopy, culture Xpert MTB/RIF. Result The identified 305 prevalent cases translating 558 [95%CI 455–662] per 100,000...
Background In Kenya, the comparative incidences of tuberculosis among persons with and without HIV have not been described, differential impact public health interventions on incidence in two groups is unknown. Methods We estimated annual stratified by status during 2006–2012 based numbers reported patients infection, prevalence infection general population, total population. also made crude estimates 1998–2012 assuming a constant ratio compared to Results Tuberculosis both adults increased...
Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) decreases morbidity and mortality among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus infection but remains underutilized. The U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief has committed to providing TPT all eligible receiving antiretroviral therapy by 2021.
Background Accurate and timely diagnosis is essential in limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The reference standard, rRT-PCR, requires specialized laboratories, costly reagents, a long turnaround time. Antigen RDTs provide feasible alternative to rRT-PCR since they are quick, relatively inexpensive, do not require laboratory. WHO that Ag have sensitivity ≥80% specificity ≥97%. Methods This evaluation was conducted at 11 health facilities Kenya between March July 2021. We enrolled...
Co-morbidity with tuberculosis and HIV is a common cause of mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. In the second Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey, we collected data on knowledge experience tuberculosis, as well access to coverage relevant treatment services antiretroviral therapy (ART) Kenya.A national, population-based household survey was conducted from October 2012 February 2013. Information through questionnaires, blood samples were taken for HIV, CD4 cell counts, viral load testing at central...
Tuberculosis still remains a major cause of maternal and newborn morbidity mortality. Integrating tuberculosis screening detection into postnatal care services ensures prompt appropriate treatment for affected mothers their babies. This study therefore examined the feasibility effect referral within settings from perspective providers. operations research used pre- post-intervention design without comparison group. The was implemented between March 2009 August 2010 in five health facilities...
The tuberculin skin test (TST) can be used to identify HIV-infected people who would benefit the most from long-term isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT). However, in resource-constrained settings, implementation of TST challenging. objectives this study were assess feasibility implementing for IPT initiation and estimate proportion TST-positive incidence among HIV-positive patients 2 high tuberculosis HIV burden settings.Two prospective observational cohort studies conducted under...
Introduction: Recently rapid development of drug resistant TB, particularly MDR TB (Multi Drug Resistant TB) and XDRTB (Extensively Drug-Resistant possess a major threat to control tuberculosis globally.Information on the extent MDR-TB from Kenya is largely limited due several factors.Monitoring resistance vital tool in providing critical information for effective planning management patients infected with TB.Methods: Cross-sectional cluster design.Results: A total 2,171 participants...
BACKGROUND: TB is the leading cause of mortality among people living with HIV (PLHIV), for whom isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) has a proven benefit. Despite WHO recommendations, countries have been slow in scaling up IPT. This study describes processes, challenges, solutions, outcomes and lessons learned during IPT scale‐up Kenya. METHODS: We conducted desk review analyzed aggregated Ministry Health (MOH) enrollment data from 2014 to 2018 determine trends impact program activities....
Abstract Background Accurate and timely diagnosis is essential in limiting the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), reference standard, requires specialized laboratories, costly reagents, a long turnaround time. Antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag RDTs) provide feasible alternative to rRT-PCR since they are quick, relatively inexpensive, do not require laboratory. The WHO that Ag...
BACKGROUND: HIV infection is associated with high mortality among people TB. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces TB incidence and living (PLHIV). Since 2005, Kenya has scaled up prevention, diagnosis treatment. We evaluated the impact of these services on trends treatment outcomes. METHODS: Using Microsoft Excel (2016) Epi-Info 7, we analysed Ministry Health surveillance data from 2008 to 2018 determine in notifications, classification, ART status, RESULTS: Among 1,047,406 reported TB, 93%...