Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a potent opsonin for the clearance of apoptotic cells and produced by mononuclear immune competent organs including spleen lungs. It attenuates chronic acute inflammation such as autoimmune glomerulonephritis bacterial sepsis enhancing cell clearance. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury gut results in severe inflammation, apoptosis, remote organ damage, lung (ALI).To determine whether MFG-E8 intestinal pulmonary after I/R.Wild-type (WT)...

Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), ischemia and hypoxia play a major role in further worsening of the damage, process referred to as 'secondary injury'. Protecting neurons from causative factors secondary has been guiding principle modern TBI management. Stimulation trigeminal nerve induces pressor response improves cerebral blood flow (CBF) by activating rostral ventrolateral medulla. Moreover, it causes cerebrovasodilation through trigemino-cerebrovascular system...

HIV-1 infection of renal cells has been proposed to play a role in HIV-1-associated nephropathy. Renal biopsy data further suggest that tubular may serve as reservoir for HIV-1. The mechanism by which enters these not identified. do express any the known receptors, and our results confirmed lack expression CD4, CCR5, CXCR4, DC-SIGN, or mannose receptors cells. aim this study, therefore, was determine enables viral entry into An vitro model used study human kidney (HK2) identify receptor...

Binge drinking has been associated with cerebral dysfunction. Ethanol induced microglial activation initiates an inflammatory process that causes upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines which in turn creates neuronal inflammation and damage. However, the molecular mechanism is not fully understood. We postulate cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), a novel molecule, can contribute to alcohol-induced neuroinflammation. To test this theory male wild-type (WT) mice were exposed alcohol...

Abstract Sepsis is an infectious inflammatory disease that often results in acute lung injury (ALI). Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) intracellular RNA chaperon binds to mRNA’s poly(A) tail. However, CIRP can be released sepsis, and extracellular (eCIRP) a damage-associated molecular pattern, exaggerating inflammation, ALI, mortality. In this study, we developed engineered mRNA mimic, AAAAAAAAAAAA, named A12, with 2′-O-methyl ribose modification terminal phosphorothioate linkages...

The trigeminal nerve directly innervates key vascular structures both centrally and peripherally. Centrally, it is known to innervate the brainstem cavernous sinus, whereas peripherally trigemino-cerebrovascular network majority of cerebral vasculature. Upon stimulation, permits direct modulation blood flow (CBF), making a promising target for management vasospasm. However, trigeminally mediated vasodilation has not been applied treatment vasospasm.To determine effect percutaneous electrical...

We have previously demonstrated the involvement of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFG‑E8) in reducing neutrophil infiltration a murine model acute lung injury (ALI). In present study, we aimed to delineate mechanisms through which MFG‑E8 attenuates migration. Recombinant human (rhMFG‑E8) was expressed and purified our facility. The differentiated cell line, dHL‑60, treated with rhMFG‑E8 migration assay performed Boyden chamber using recombinant interleukin‑8 (IL‑8) as...

To determine if trigeminal nerve stimulation can ameliorate the consequences of acute blood loss and improve survival after severe hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Despite advances in our understanding of excessive alcohol‐intake‐related tissue injury and modernization the management septic patients, high morbidity mortality caused by infectious diseases alcohol abusers remain a prominent challenge. Our previous studies have shown that milk fat globule epidermal growth factor‐factor VIII (MFG‐E8), protein required to opsonize apoptotic cells for phagocytosis, is protective inflammation. However, it remains unknown whether MFG‐E8 ameliorates...

The development of in vitro disease models closely mimicking the functions human has captured increasing attention recent years. Oxygen tensions and gradients play essential roles modulating biological systems both physiologic pathologic events. Thus, controlling oxygen tension is critical for physiologically relevant vivo environments cell, tissue organ research. We present a new approach on-demand generation various hypoxia models. Proof-of-concept prototypes have been developed...

Stroke is a leading cause of death and the primary medical acquired adult disability worldwide. The progressive brain injury after acute stroke partly mediated by ischemia-elicited inflammatory responses. vasoactive hormone adrenomedullin (AM), upregulated under various conditions, counterbalances However, regulation AM activity in ischemic remains largely unknown. Recent studies have demonstrated presence specific binding protein (that is, AMBP-1) mammalian blood. AMBP-1 potentiates...

Abstract Background Alcohol intake predisposes to infections and sepsis. sepsis inhibit the expression of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-factor VIII (MFG-E8), a glycoprotein essential for optimal efferocytosis, resulting in release proinflammatory molecules increased severity. We previously reported that recombinant mouse (rm) MFG-E8 attenuates sepsis-induced organ injury rats with acute alcohol intoxication. In order develop therapy can be safely used humans, we have produced...

Traumatic peri-contusional penumbra represents crucial targets for therapeutic interventions after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Current resuscitative approaches may not adequately alleviate impaired cerebral microcirculation and, hence, compromise oxygen delivery to areas. Low-frequency oscillations in blood flow (CBF) improve oxygenation the setting of deprivation. However, no method has been reported induce controllable CBF and it hasn't applied as a strategy. Electrical stimulation...

Abstract Human milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-factor VIII (MFG-E8) functions as a bridging molecule to promote the removal of dying cells by professional phagocytes. E. coli -expressed histidine-tagged recombinant human MFG-E8 (rhMFG-E8) is protective in various disease conditions. However, due improper protein glycosylation, misfolding and possibility antigenicity, rhMFG-E8 unsuitable for therapy. Therefore, we hypothesize that cell-expressed, tag-free will have suitable...

ABSTRACT Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) can result from renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) often occurs during surgical procedures in cardiac, liver, transplantation, trauma-hemorrhage. Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-factor VIII (MFG-E8) functions as a bridging molecule to promote the removal of dying cells by professional phagocytes. Because MFG-E8 promotes clearance apoptotic cells, we have explored its therapeutic potential various organ conditions. To develop human...

Abstract Traumatic peri-contusional penumbra represents crucial targets for therapeutic interventions after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Current resuscitative approaches may not adequately alleviate impaired cerebral microcirculation and, hence, compromise oxygen delivery to areas. Low-frequency oscillations in blood flow (CBF) improve oxygenation the setting of deprivation. However, no method has been reported induce controllable CBF and it hasn’t applied as a strategy. Electrical...

Abstract Background Human milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-factor VIII (MFG-E8) functions as a bridging molecule to promote the removal of dying cells by professional phagocytes. E. coli-expressed histidine-tagged recombinant human MFG-E8 (rhMFG-E8) is protective in various disease conditions. However, due improper protein glycosylation, misfolding and possible antigenicity, coliexpressed rhMFG-E8 unsuitable for therapy. Therefore, we hypothesize that cell-expressed, tag-free can be...