The species Niphon spinosus (Cuvier, 1829) is the only representative of family Niphonidae and genus Niphon, its taxonomic history complicated; it still unclear in a phylogenetic sense. In this study, we report complete mitochondrial genome N. (OP391482), which was determined to be 16,503 bp long with biased A + T contents (53.8%) using next-generation technology. typical set 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA one control region (D-loop) are included genome. H-strand...

As resistance to chemical fungicides continues increase inFusarium graminearum, there is a growing need develop novel disease control strategies. To discover essential genes that could serve as new targets, we selected gene candidates had failed be deleted in previous studies. Thirteen were confirmed essential, either by constructing conditional promoter replacement mutants or employing clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9...

Lipases, which catalyze the hydrolysis of long-chain triglycerides, diglycerides, and monoglycerides into free fatty acids glycerol, participate in various biological pathways fungi. In this study, we examined functions regulatory mechanisms fungal lipases via two approaches. First, performed a systemic functional characterization 86 putative lipase-encoding genes plant-pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. The phenotypes were assayed for vegetative growth, asexual sexual reproduction,...

Summary Fungal sexual reproduction requires complex cellular differentiation processes of hyphal cells. The plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum produces fruiting bodies called perithecia via reproduction, and forcibly discharge ascospores into the air for disease initiation propagation. Lipid metabolism accumulation are closely related to perithecium formation, yet molecular mechanisms that regulate these largely unknown. Here, we report a novel fungal specific bZIP transcription...

A purple acid phosphatase, GmPAP2.1, from the soybean (Glycine max) cultivar L29 may function as a resistance factor acting against specific strains of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV). In this study, we found that overexpression GmPAP2.1 conferred SMV to susceptible cultivar, Lee 74. We determined interacted with protein P1 in chloroplasts, resulting up-regulation ICS1 gene, which turn promoted pathogen-induced salicylic (SA) pathway. SA accumulation was elevated response co-expression and SMV,...

Red seabream (Pagrus major), a migratory fish, is characterized by high protein levels in the muscle. South Korean and Japanese red seabreams have general distribution pattern; however, distinguishing them based on their geographical origin difficult. In this study, we used capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF/MS) to analyze muscle metabolome investigate how can distinguish of fish. The metabolites were extracted using 50% acetonitrile water. Chromatographic...

This study evaluated the relationship between light strength and bioactive compounds in Tartary buckwheat sprouts during germination growth to establish smart-farm conditions for mass production of sprouts. (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertner) was used this because its high compound content. were germinated grown under different intensities. The contents rutin other flavonoids increased at intensities up 6,000 lux. total flavonoid polyphenol antioxidant activity highest 10,000 However,...

Red seabream (Pagrus major) is widely consumed in East Asia. As nuclear wastewater discharged into Japanese waterbodies, the country of origin marine products must be accurately labeled. Here, we aimed to discover candidate metabolite biomarkers discriminate between Korean and red using LC-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. In total, 95 138 putative metabolites were detected via chromatographic separation fish sampled warm cold seasons, respectively. The spectrometric data analyzed principal...

Country-of-origin violations have occurred in which some merchants fraudulently sold cheap Japanese yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) by presenting them as domestic Korean products. There are many methods for determining the origins of marine organisms, such molecular genetic and isotope analysis. However, this study aimed to develop a method aquatic products using metabolite analysis technology. Ten each from Korea Japan were analyzed capillary electrophoresis–time flight/mass...

Abstract Natural products decursin and decursinol angelate were recently reported as benign fungicides for controlling rice blast. Inspired by the structural similarity of cumarin compounds gained hint from skeletal motifs, we designed prepared synthetic to increase natural product efficacy evaluated their antifungal activities against various plant disease pathogens in vitro. Synthetically compound 4 5 indeed suppressed mycelial growth B. cinerea , F. oxysporum P. italicum R....

Abstract Intron lariats excised during the splicing process are rapidly degraded by RNA lariat debranching enzyme (Dbr1) and several exonucleases. Rapid turnover of is essential to cellular homeostasis. However, functions Dbr1 have not been investigated in filamentous fungi. Here, we characterized molecular Fusarium graminearum , a major fungal plant pathogen. Deletion FgDBR1 resulted pleiotropic defects hyphal growth, conidiation, sexual reproduction, virulence. Through transcriptome...

Arsenite-resistance protein 2 (Ars2) is an important nuclear involved in various RNA metabolisms animals and plants, but no Ars2 ortholog has been studied filamentous fungi. Although it essential gene most model eukaryotes, FgARS2 null mutants were viable the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. The deletion of resulted pleiotropic defects fungal developmental processes. Fgars2 irregular division, conidial germination was significantly retarded, causing to manifest its...

Mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) has long been consumed in Korea. Recently, Chinese mud loaches were replaced with expensive Korean loaches, owing to taste and preference. Such issues occur aquatic food distribution processes, leading inferior delivery. Previously, a study was conducted confirm the origin of using genetic analysis. However, untargeted metabolites profiling not reported. Untargeted metabolomics provides information on overall metabolic sample, allowing identification new...

선식은 웰빙식, 건강식으로 아시아인들에게는 인기있는 식품이지만 외국인들에게는 생소한 식품이다. 이에 본 연구는 외국인들의 선호도를 높이기 위하여 선식을 스무디 형태로 제조하고, 그의 특성을 연구하였다. 효소활성을 지니는 선식 제조를 위해서 흑미와 현미는 발아시켜 사용하였는데, 실온에서 24시간 침지시킨 후, <TEX>$30^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 발아시켰다. 알파아밀라아제 효소역가는 발아 전후로 약 13~15배 증가하였다. 전 9.16 CU/g에서 152.63 CU/g로 증가하였고, 흑미는 7.47 97.96 CU/g으로 또한 발아현미분말을 엿기름으로 당화시킨 토마토 30 g과 미강 1.5 g을 첨가하여 유산균을 배양하였다. 이때의 최고균체농도가 <TEX>$1.1{\times}10^9CFU/ml$</TEX> 이었고, 이를 동결건조하여 선식에 첨가하였다. 선식음료제조 후 농도가 <TEX>$1.3{\times}10^5CFU/ml$</TEX>로 요구르트 위한 스타터 농도로...

The complete mitochondrial genome of Pseudotolithus elongatus (Perciformes: Sciaenidae) is determined based on NGS technology. assembled mitogenome a 16,497 bp in length containing typical set the 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNA and 1 putative control region. overall base composition A (27.8%), T (25.3%), G (16.1%), C (30.8%) with an A-T content 53.1%. phylogenetic analysis 36 mitogenomes from GenBank indicated that P. closely related to Aplodinotus grunniens. This information...

The complete mitochondrial genome of smallscale blackfish, Girella melanichthys (Perciformes: Kyphosidae), was analyzed using MGISEQ-2000 platform. assembled mitogenome had 16,518 nucleotides (overall A + T contents 56.2%), containing canonical 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal and 1 putative control region. Among PCGs, seven (ND2, ND3, ND4, COII, COIII, CytB, ATPase6) incomplete stop codons. phylogenetic study revealed that G. is more closely related to...

Halocynthia aurantium (Stolidobranchia: Pyuridae) is a species of tunicate commercial value that commonly found in the northern Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea. Here, we determined complete mitogenome sea peach H. using 150 PE high-throughput sequencing. The assembled 14,979 bp length (overall A + T contents 56.2%), contains 13 protein-coding genes, 21 transfer RNAs, two ribosomal RNAs. Phylogenetic analysis sequence fully resolved it clade with roretzi. These data results will be useful for...

The complete mitogenome of Pseudotolithus typus (Perciformes: Sciaenidae) is analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. 16,502 nucleotides assembled has 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA 2 ribosomal and the 1 putative control region. Incomplete stop codons were found in seven genes (ND2, ND3, ND4, COII, COIII, CytB, ATPase6). phylogenetic analysis indicated that P. closely related to elongatus. This study will provide useful information understand evolutionary exploration family Sciaenidae.