Abstract Land-based carbon removals, specifically afforestation/reforestation and bioenergy with capture storage (BECCS), vary widely in 1.5 °C 2 scenarios generated by integrated assessment models. Because underlying drivers are difficult to assess, we use a well-known model, GCAM, demonstrate that land-based removals sensitive the strength scope of mitigation policies. We find while cumulative BECCS deployment inversely related, they both typically part cost-effective pathways, forestry...

Sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) are expected to play an essential role in achieving the industries' goal of carbon-neutral growth. However, producing biomass-based SAFs may induce changes global land use and associated carbon stock. The induced change (ILUC) emissions, as a part full life-cycle emissions for SAF pathways, will affect whether what extent reduce compared with petroleum-based jet fuels. Here, we estimate ILUC emission intensity seventeen pathways considered by International...

The GTAP model has been used to estimate biofuel policy induced land use changes and consequent GHG emissions for more than a decade. This paper reviews the history of database modifications improvements that have occurred over period. In particular, covers in greater detail move from 2004 2011 database, inclusion cropland intensification modeling structure. results show all global economy agricultural sectors cause biofuels associated can be quite different using versus 2004. also...

Researchers explore future economic and climate scenarios using global integrated assessment models to understand long-term interactions between human development environmental changes. However, differences in trade modeling approaches are an important source of uncertainty these types assessments, particularly for regional projections. In this study, we modified the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM) include a novel logit-based Armington structure, examine two trade: (1) approach that...

Zhao et al., (2024). gcamfaostat: An R package to prepare, process, and synthesize FAOSTAT data for global agroeconomic multisector dynamic modeling. Journal of Open Source Software, 9(96), 6388, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.06388

<title>Abstract</title> The Food Balance Sheets (FBS), compiled by the and Agriculture Organization (FAO), serve as a cornerstone dataset for studies on agricultural development, food security, dietary health, providing broad overview of global regional systems. However, its limited transparency scalability hinder application in empirical analysis multisector dynamic modeling. Here, we present traceable (T-FBS) dataset, developed from detailed Supply Utilization Accounts (SUA) using novel...

Import restrictions on deforestation-linked commodities have been enacted with the goal of reducing global deforestation and emissions. However, limited market share importers imposing such potential for emissions leakage could reduce their effectiveness. Moreover, they result in negative economic implications producers consumers. We quantify future oil palm soybean import restrictions. Current EU are likely to minimal impact due EU's otherwise small declining soy demand. If extended beyond...

The timing of the final assembly China-Mongolia Block remains a subject debate. This work presents zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotopes, whole-rock major and trace element data granitoid samples from north Erenhot, within Uliastai continental margin. Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that intrusive granitoids was in Pennsylvanian (318-298 Ma). Most are metaluminous to slightly peraluminous, exhibiting depletions Nb-Ta-Ti-Sr-P enrichments Rb-Th positive <mml:math...

The Paris Agreement seeks to combat climate change by limiting global temperature rise well below 2&amp;#176;C, with aspirations of restricting it 1.5&amp;#176;C the end century. However, substantial uncertainties persist regarding pace and direction energy transitions required achieve these goals, particularly in reducing fossil fuel dependence determining social cost carbon dioxide (CO2). This study examines impact terrestrial cycle on mitigation strategies transition pathways. Using...

Abstract Aviation biofuels can help to reduce greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions in the United States, meet Renewable Fuel Standard for cellulosic biofuels, and improve US energy security. Cellulosic carry a lot of risk, because conversion technology is expensive. As result, incentives are needed risk private investors. Government implement policies investment aviation biofuels. The issue deciding which policy will provide most reduction while providing lowest cost government. This analysis...

Electric vehicles (EVs) include battery electric (BEVs), fuel-cell (FCVs) and hybrid (FCHEVs). The performance of is usually evaluated using standardized driving cycle tests; however, the results from tests deviate real-world cycle. In order to test adaptability EVs cycles, conditions three typical routes in Tianjin are collected their characteristics analyzed; then BEV FCV models created based on a type FCHEV simulate 0–100 km/h acceleration cruising under cycle; finally, motor bench used...

Abstract The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region plays key roles in both meeting global agricultural demands maintaining carbon sinks due to its abundant land water resources. In this study we use Global Change Analysis Model evaluate opportunities challenges posed by two global‐scale drivers: market integration (i.e., reduction of trade barriers) land‐based climate mitigation policy. We their potential individual combined impacts on production revenues across LAC's economies...

Energy management strategies based on instantaneous optimization have been widely used in hybrid/plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV/PHEV) order to improve fuel economy while guaranteeing vehicle performance. In this study, an adaptive-equivalent consumption minimum strategy (A-ECMS) target driving cycle (TDC) generation was proposed for extended-range bus (E-REB) operating fixed routes. Firstly, a Hamilton function and co-state equation E-REB were determined according the Pontryagin...

The difference in land use modeling approaches is an important uncertain factor evaluating future climate scenarios global economic models. We compare five widely used approaches: constrained optimization, constant elasticity of transformation (CET), the additive form (ACET), logit, and Ricardian. demonstrate that differ not only by extent parameter uses but also definition conversion cost consideration comparative advantage implied heterogeneity. develop a generalized hybrid approach...

The representations of international trade and global market integration play central roles in long-term agricultural economic modeling. However, the conventional use gravity models (i.e., Armington approach) may not adequately account for dynamic process integration. In this paper, we generalize a logit-based approach by permitting home preference bias erosion to trend We build simple equilibrium model conduct hindcast experiments examine historical results show significant integrating...

Most studies assessing climate impacts on agriculture have focused average changes in market-mediated responses (e.g. land use, production, and consumption). However, the response of global agricultural markets to interannual variability (IAV) biophysical shocks is poorly understood not well represented economic models. Here we show a strong transmission IAVs climate-induced yield markets, which further magnified by endogenous market fluctuations generated due producers' imperfect...

Sound economic modelling of land use in global models is critical for evaluating agricultural, biofuel, and climate policies. Current approaches do not preserve physical area, account the fact that different qualities, or explicitly include cost converting from one to another. This study proposes a framework building on additive form constant elasticity transformation (ACET) approach. We demonstrated could (1) directly provide traceable results, (2) flexibly handle productivity differences...

This paper quantifies the impact of different policy options on economic viability sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production technologies. The pathways considered include isobutanol to jet from corn grain, hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) inedible fats oils, HEFA palm acid distillate, synthesized iso-paraffins sugarcane, Fischer-Tropsch (FT) gasification synthesis municipal solid waste, micro FT wood residues. policies feedstock subsidies, capital grants, output based...

<title>Abstract</title> Long-term labor market evolution shapes agricultural transformation through productivity growth and transitions. Despite its importance in production, has been overlooked when exploring the agrifood-water-environment-climate nexus. Here, we incorporate evolving markets into multisector dynamic modeling to examine their agroeconomic environmental implications. Our projections show that recent decline of global employment persists, with an estimated decrease over 40...