A5017184112- HIV Research and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
National Center for Global Health and Medicine
2014-2024
Saitama International Medical Center
2000-2023
Center for Global Health
2012-2021
In-Q-Tel
2013
National Institute of Infectious Diseases
2007
Kanazawa University
2003
Jichi Medical University
1985-1999
Cleveland Clinic
1995
Genesis Research Institute
1987-1994
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
1993
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a high-risk infectious pathogen. In the proposed model of failure, SARS-CoV down-regulates its receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), but mechanism involved unknown. We found that spike protein (SARS-S) induced TNF-α-converting (TACE)-dependent shedding ACE2 ectodomain. The modulation TACE activity by SARS-S depended on cytoplasmic domain ACE2, because deletion mutants lacking carboxyl-terminal region did not induce or...
Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2, also known as tetherin) is a recently identified interferon-inducible host restriction factor that can block the production of enveloped viruses by trapping virus particles at cell surface. This antiviral effect counteracted human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) accessory protein viral U (Vpu). Here we show HIV-1 Vpu physically interacts with BST-2 through their mutual transmembrane domains and leads to degradation this via lysosomal, not proteasomal,...
Approximately 17% of the human genome is comprised long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1, L1) non-LTR retrotransposons. L1 retrotransposition known to be cause several genetic diseases, such as hemophilia A, Duchene muscular dystrophy, and so on. The retroelements are also able colon cancer, suggesting that transposition could occur not only in germ cells, but somatic cells if innate immunity would function appropriately. mechanisms restriction normal however, fully defined. We here...
Telomerase, the enzyme that elongates telomeric DNA (TTAGGG)n, may be involved in cellular immortality and oncogenesis. To investigate effect of inhibition telomerase on tumor cells, we transfected antisense vector against human RNA into malignant glioma cells exhibiting activity. After 30 doublings, some subpopulations transfectants expressed a high level interleukin-1beta-converting (ICE) protein underwent apoptosis. In contrast, other also showed enhanced ICE but escaped from apoptotic...
Abstract The histological localization of the ret proto‐oncogene (proto‐ ) product was examined in neural crest‐derived and neuronal tissues together with their neoplastic counterparts by immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal antibody. Schwann cells, neurons, sympathetic ganglia, cells adrenal medulla were positive for proto‐ product, whereas melanocytes negative. Positive results obtained from tumours such as schwannoma (69 per cent, 11/16), neurofibroma (59 13/22), neuroblastoma (80...
Abstract Introduction Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2, a homolog of ACE, converts angiotensin (Ang) II into Ang(1-7), and the vasoprotective effects Ang(1-7) have been documented. We explored hypothesis that serum autoantibodies to ACE2 predispose patients with connective tissue diseases constrictive vasculopathy, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), or persistent digital ischemia. Methods Serum was examined from 42 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), scleroderma, mixed disease....
Abstract Visualizing the elemental distributions of cells and tissues is growing importance in biology medical science because such data deepen our understanding behavior metal‐binding proteins ions. Elemental mapping by X‐ray fluorescence analysis with a hard nanobeam very well suited for this purpose owing to its high sensitivity resolution. Using technique, samples must be prepared without artifacts that are caused treatments as chemical fixation staining procedures. In many studies...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is the etiological agent of SARS, a fatal pulmonary disorder with no effective treatment. We found that SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein (S protein), key molecule for viral entry, binds to calnexin, molecular chaperone in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but not calreticulin, homolog calnexin. Calnexin bound most truncated mutants S protein, and protein all Pseudotyped virus carrying (S-pseudovirus) produced by human cells were treated small...
Abstract A TLR4/MyD88 pathway was activated via oxidized phosphatidylcholine caused by Vpr of HIV-1. Vpr, a HIV-1 accessory protein, believed to be present in the plasma HIV-1-positive patients, and our previous work demonstrated presence 20 out 52 patients. Interestingly, data revealed that patients’ viral titer correlated with level detected their plasma. Here, we first show rVpr, when incubated human monocytes or MDMs, production from latently infected cells, IL-6 identified as...
The precise role of viral protein R (Vpr), an HIV-1-encoded protein, during HIV-1 infection and its contribution to the development AIDS remain unclear. Previous reports have shown that Vpr has ability cause G2 cell cycle arrest apoptosis in HIV-1-infected cells vitro. In addition, vpr is highly conserved transmitted/founder HIV-1s all primate lentiviruses, which are evolutionarily related HIV-1. Although these findings suggest important pathogenesis, direct evidence vivo not been shown....
There are reports of p53 gene mutations in various human cancers but not rat tumor cell lines or primary tissue. We found a mutation line spontaneous squamous carcinoma the Zymbal gland, SCC131, at codon 171 by direct sequencing cDNA fragments amplified PCR. tested for 15 gland tumors induced 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis PCR-amplified products. Samples four showed mobility shifts. Direct revealed that all these had conserved regions...
Abstract Recent observations imply that HIV-1 infection induces chromosomal DNA damage responses. However, the precise molecular mechanism and biological relevance are not fully understood. Here, we report causes double-strand breaks in DNA. We further found Vpr, an accessory gene product of HIV-1, is a major factor responsible for HIV-1–induced breaks. The purified Vpr protein promotes when incubated with isolated nuclei, although it does exhibit endonuclease activity vitro. A...
Antiretroviral cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G, which is abundantly expressed in peripheral blood lymphocytes and macrophages, strongly protects these cells against HIV-1 infection. The Vif protein overcomes this antiviral effect by enhancing proteasome-mediated APOBEC3G degradation key for maintaining viral infectivity. 579-bp-long vif gene displays high genetic diversity among subtypes. Therefore, it intriguing to address whether proteins derived from different subtypes differ their defense...