Higher infant growth rates are associated with an increased risk of obesity in later life.We examined the associations longitudinally measured fetal and patterns total abdominal fat distribution childhood.We performed a population-based prospective cohort study among 6464 children. We characteristics second third trimesters pregnancy, at birth, 6, 12, 24 months.Body mass index, index (body mass/height(2)), lean android/gynoid ratio by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, sc preperitoneal...

Obese individuals have more (hyperplastic) and larger (hypertrophic) adipocytes in their white adipose tissue (WAT) than normal-weight individuals. The difference cell number emerges early childhood, suggesting that this is a critical period for being susceptible to obesity. Breast-feeding has been shown be protective against obesity, we previously mice the physical structure of lipids human milk may contribute effect. In present study, investigated how differences diet modulate development....

Body composition in early life influences the development of obesity during childhood and beyond. It is, therefore, important to adequately determine longitudinal body first months life.In 203 healthy term infants, we investigated composition, including fat mass percentage (FM%) fat-free (FFM), by air-displacement plethysmography, at 1, 3 6 age abdominal visceral subcutaneous fat, ultrasound, months.We found a significant increase FM% between 1 but not (p < 0.001, p = 0.098, respectively)....

Accelerated gain in fat mass the first months of life is considered to be a risk factor for adult diseases, given tracking infancy into adulthood. Our objective was assess influence early growth, type feeding and maternal variables on life.In 300 healthy term infants, we longitudinally measured percentage (FM%) by air-displacement-plethysmography at 1, 3, 6 abdominal visceral subcutaneous ultrasound 3 months.Both FM% weight-for-length were positively associated with age age. Gain between...

ABSTRACT Objective: Fermented formulae (FERM) and a specific mixture of 90% short‐chain galacto‐oligosaccharides 10% long‐chain fructo‐oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS; 9:1) have potential beneficial effect on gastrointestinal function microbiota development in infants. The present study assessed the safety tolerance combination partly fermented infant milk scGOS/lcFOS compared with either 1 feature, healthy term Methods: Four hundred thirty‐two infants were enrolled before 28 days age followed...

This study investigated growth, safety, and tolerance in healthy infants consuming a partly fermented infant formula (IF) with postbiotics, 2'-linked fucosyllactose (2'-FL), specific prebiotic mixture of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides (scGOS) long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcFOS), milk fat. double-blind, controlled trial randomised 215 fully IF-fed ≤ 14 days age to either: Test Group containing 26% postbiotics derived from Lactofidus fermentation process (including...

Lipid droplets in human milk have a mode diameter of ∼4 μm and are surrounded by native phospholipid-rich membrane. Current infant formulas (IMFs) contain small lipid (mode ∼0.5 μm) primarily coated proteins. A concept IMF was developed mimicking more closely the structure composition droplets. This randomized, controlled, double-blind equivalence trial evaluates safety tolerance with large, phospholipid–coated 3–5 containing vegetable dairy lipids healthy, term infants. Fully formula-fed...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate growth and tolerance in healthy, term infants consuming a synbiotic formula with daily weight gain as primary outcome. In randomised, controlled, double-blind, multicentre, intervention were assigned an extensively hydrolysed containing specific combination Bifidobacterium breve M-16V prebiotic mixture (short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides 9:1 ratio; scGOS/lcFOS; group), or same without this concept for 13...

This study evaluated the effect of a partly fermented infant formula (using bacterial strains Bifidobacterium breve C50 and Streptococcus thermophilus 065) with specific prebiotic mixture (short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides (scGOS) long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcFOS; 9:1)) on incidence gastrointestinal symptoms, stool characteristics, sleeping crying behaviour, growth adequacy safety. Two-hundred infants ≤28 days age were assigned either to experimental containing 30% 0.8 g/100 mL...

Limited and inconsistent evidence exists on the associations between dietary patterns overweight during childhood. The present study describes of three-year-old Dutch children childhood body mass index (BMI) development 3 10 years. In GECKO Drenthe birth cohort (N = 1306), height weight were measured around age 3, 4, 5, years, was defined according to Cole Lobstein. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) used measure diet at Dietary derived using principal components analysis (PCA)....

Lipids are essential for healthy infant growth and development. The structural complexity of lipids in human milk is not present formula (IF). A concept IF was developed mimicking more closely the structure composition fat globules. current study evaluates whether a with large, phospholipid-coated lipid droplets (mode diameter 3 to 5 μm) equivalent standard regard adequacy safety healthy, term Asian infants. In this randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, infants were randomized after...

Background & aims: Breastfeeding is the gold standard infant feeding.Data on macronutrients in relation to longitudinal body composition and appetite are very scarce.The aim of this study was investigate human milk at 1 3 months association with during early life healthy, term-born infants.We hypothesized that infants receiving higher caloric would have more fat mass satiate earlier.Methods: In 133 exclusively breastfed (Sophia Pluto Cohort), samples were analyzed for (fat, protein,...

Abstract Background Skinfold thickness enables the measurement of overall and regional subcutaneous fatness in infancy may be associated with total abdominal body fat later childhood. We examined associations at school‐age. Methods In a population‐based prospective cohort study among 821 children, we calculated (sum biceps, triceps, suprailiacal, subscapular skinfold thicknesses) central‐to‐total ratio suprailiacal thicknesses/total fat) 1.5 24 months. At 6 years, measured mass index (total...

The current study evaluates the safety and tolerance of a partially hydrolyzed whey protein-based infant formula (PHF) versus an in intact cow’s milk protein (IPF). Breastfed infants were included as reference group. In multi-country, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial, whose mothers intended to fully feed randomized PHF (n = 134) or IPF from ≤14 days 17 weeks age. equivalence analysis weight gain per day within margins +/−3 g/d (primary outcome), recorded...

Breastfed individuals have a lower blood pressure than formula-fed individuals. Supplementation with n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in adults is also associated pressure. We studied whether children receiving human milk relatively high content of at age 12 years, and, if so, this association explained by the erythrocyte membranes years. Within 12-year follow-up population-based birth cohort, we compared 205 never-breastfed and 109 who had acid composition their mothers' breast...

Human milk comprises large fat globules enveloped by a native phospholipid membrane, whereas infant formulas contain small, protein-coated lipid droplets. Previous experimental studies indicated that mimicking the architecture of human droplets in formula (IMF) alters metabolism with lasting beneficial impact on later metabolic health. To evaluate follow-up (FU) study randomized, controlled trial whether Concept IMF large, phospholipid-coated enriched dairy lipids beneficially impacts...

Summary Background Children with overweight or obesity are at risk for developing in adulthood. Certain maternal characteristics, such as ethnicity, education, body mass index (BMI) neighbourhood, determinants childhood risk. There large variations how mothers differing these characteristics feed their infants. Therefore, associations of age complementary feeding, exclusive breast feeding duration may differ groups. Understanding would be essential to develop prevention strategies....