A5082365149- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Origins and Evolution of Life
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Extraction and Separation Processes
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Research
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Metal Extraction and Bioleaching
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
CentraleSupélec
2016-2025
Université Paris-Saclay
2020-2024
Supélec
2018-2024
École Centrale Paris
2011-2021
École Centrale d'Électronique
2005-2021
Laboratoire de Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux
2015-2019
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
2014
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques
2004-2012
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2003-2009
Sorbonne Université
2005-2009
Sedimentary rocks at Yellowknife Bay (Gale crater) on Mars include mudstone sampled by the Curiosity rover. The samples, John Klein and Cumberland, contain detrital basaltic minerals, calcium sulfates, iron oxide or hydroxides, sulfides, amorphous material, trioctahedral smectites. smectite has basal spacing of ~10 angstroms, indicating little interlayer hydration. Cumberland both ~13.2 angstroms. larger suggests a partially chloritized magnesium facilitating H2O retention. Basaltic minerals...
The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) investigation of the Science Laboratory (MSL) addresses chemical and isotopic composition atmosphere volatiles extracted from solid samples. SAM is designed to contribute substantially mission goal quantitatively assessing habitability as an essential step in search for past or present life on Mars. a 40 kg instrument suite located interior MSL's Curiosity rover. instruments are quadrupole mass spectrometer, tunable laser 6-column gas chromatograph all...
Abstract The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument on board the Science Laboratory Curiosity rover is designed to conduct inorganic and organic chemical analyses of atmosphere surface regolith rocks help evaluate past present habitability potential Gale Crater. Central this task development an inventory any molecules elucidate processes associated with their origin, diagenesis, concentration, long‐term preservation. This will guide future search for biosignatures. Here we report...
Establishing the presence and state of organic matter, including its possible biosignatures, in martian materials has been an elusive quest, despite limited reports existence matter on Mars. We report situ detection preserved lacustrine mudstones at base ~3.5-billion-year-old Murray formation Pahrump Hills, Gale crater, by Sample Analysis Mars instrument suite onboard Curiosity rover. Diverse pyrolysis products, thiophenic, aromatic, aliphatic compounds released high temperatures (500° to...
Samples from the Rocknest aeolian deposit were heated to ~835°C under helium flow and evolved gases analyzed by Curiosity’s Sample Analysis at Mars instrument suite. H 2 O, SO , CO O major released. Water abundance (1.5 3 weight percent) release temperature suggest that is bound within an amorphous component of sample. Decomposition fine-grained Fe or Mg carbonate likely source much . Evolved coincident with Cl, suggesting oxygen produced thermal decomposition oxychloride compound. Elevated...
The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity scooped samples of soil from the Rocknest aeolian bedform in Gale crater. Analysis with Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) x-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument revealed plagioclase (~An57), forsteritic olivine (~Fo62), augite, pigeonite, minor K-feldspar, magnetite, quartz, anhydrite, hematite, ilmenite. phases are present at, or near, detection limits. also contains 27 ± 14 weight percent amorphous material, likely containing multiple Fe 3+ -...
H 2 O, CO , SO O S, HCl, chlorinated hydrocarbons, NO, and other trace gases were evolved during pyrolysis of two mudstone samples acquired by the Curiosity rover at Yellowknife Bay within Gale crater, Mars. O/OH-bearing phases included 2:1 phyllosilicate(s), bassanite, akaganeite, amorphous materials. Thermal decomposition carbonates combustion organic materials are candidate sources for . Concurrent evolution hydrocarbons suggests presence oxychlorine phase(s). Sulfides likely...
A single scoop of the Rocknest aeolian deposit was sieved (< 150 µm), and four separate sample portions, each with a mass ~50 mg, were delivered to individual cups inside Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument by Science Laboratory rover's acquisition system. The samples analyzed separately SAM pyrolysis evolved gas chromatograph spectrometer analysis modes. Several chlorinated hydrocarbons including chloromethane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, chloromethylpropene, chlorobenzene...
The Rocknest aeolian deposit is similar to features analyzed by the Mars Exploration Rovers (MERs) Spirit and Opportunity. fraction of sand <150 micrometers in size contains ~55% crystalline material consistent with a basaltic heritage ~45% x-ray amorphous material. component iron-rich silicon-poor host volatiles (water, oxygen, sulfur dioxide, carbon chlorine) detected Sample Analysis at instrument fine-grained nanophase oxide first described from soils MERs. similarity between materials...
The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) instrument onboard the ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars rover (to launch in July, 2020) will analyze volatile and refractory organic compounds martian surface subsurface sediments. In this study, we describe design, current status of development, analytical capabilities instrument. Data acquired on preliminary MOMA flight-like hardware experimental setups are also presented, illustrating their contribution to overall science return mission. Key Words: Mars-Mass...
Significance We present data supporting the presence of an indigenous source fixed nitrogen on surface Mars in form nitrate. This may indicate first stage development a primitive cycle ancient and would have provided biochemically accessible nitrogen.
The discovery of large (>100 u) molecules in Titan's upper atmosphere has heightened astrobiological interest this unique satellite. In particular, complex organic aerosols produced atmospheres containing C, N, O, and H, like that Titan, could be a source prebiotic molecules. work, Titan simulation experiment with enhanced CO (N2/CH4/CO gas mixtures 96.2%/2.0%/1.8% 93.2%/5.0%/1.8%) were found to contain 18 molecular formulae correspond biological amino acids nucleotide bases. Very...
In this work Titan's atmospheric chemistry is simulated using a capacitively coupled plasma radio frequency discharge in N(2)-CH(4) stationnary flux. Samples of tholins are produced gaseous mixtures containing either 2 or 10% methane before the discharge, covering concentration range measured atmosphere. We study their solubility and associated morphology, infrared spectroscopy signature mass distribution soluble fraction by spectrometry. An important result to highlight that previous tholin...
The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite detected SO2, H2S, OCS, and CS2 from ~450 to 800°C during evolved gas analysis (EGA) of materials the Rocknest aeolian deposit in Gale Crater, Mars. This was first detection sulfur species a Martian surface sample situ EGA. SO2 (~3–22 µmol) is consistent with thermal decomposition Fe sulfates or Ca sulfites, evolution/desorption sulfur-bearing amorphous phases. Reactions between reduced phases such as sulfides O2 H2O SAM oven are another...
Chromatographic analysis of the Cumberland mudstone in Gale crater by Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument revealed detection two to three isomers dichlorobenzene. Their individual concentrations were estimated be 0.5–17 ppbw range relative sample mass. We also report first trichloromethylpropane and confirmation chlorobenzene previously reported. Supporting laboratory experiments excluded SAM internal background as source those compounds, thus confirming organic carbon chlorine newly...
Abstract The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) suite instrument on board NASA's Curiosity rover has characterized the inorganic and organic chemical composition of seven samples from Glen Torridon (GT) clay‐bearing unit. A variety molecules were detected with SAM using pyrolysis (up to ∼850°C) wet chemistry experiments coupled evolved gas analysis (EGA) chromatography‐mass spectrometry. EGA GCMS analyses revealed a greater diversity abundance sulfur‐bearing aliphatic aromatic compounds in...
Abstract This paper describes strategies to search for, detect, and identify organic material on the surface subsurface of Mars. The described include those applied by landed missions in past that will be future. value role ESA's ExoMars rover her key science instrument Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) are critically assessed.
The entry of the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft into orbit around Saturn in July 2004 marked start a golden era exploration Titan, Saturn's giant moon. During Prime Mission (2004–2008), ground-breaking discoveries were made by Cassini orbiter including equatorial dune fields (flyby T3, 2005), northern lakes and seas (T16, 2006), large positive negative ions (T16 & T18, to name few. In 2005 Huygens probe descended through Titan's atmosphere, taking first close-up pictures surface, networks...
Dragonfly is a relocatable lander that will explore Titan in the mid-2030&#8217;s [1]. It equipped with Mass Spectrometer (DraMS) instrument to investigate chemistry at geologically diverse locations. DraMS&#8217; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) mode organic molecule diversity and look for potential molecular biosignatures surface samples. In this mode, solid samples are thermally volatized or chemically derivatized pyrolysis oven. The evolved components concentrated on...
Organic molecules preserved in ancient Martian rocks provide a critical record of the past habitability Mars and could be chemical biosignatures. Experiments conducted by Sample Analysis at instrument onboard Curiosity rover have previously reported several classes indigenous chlorinated sulfur-containing organic compounds Gale crater sedimentary rocks, with structures up to six carbons. Here, we report detection decane (C 10 H 22 ), undecane 11 24 dodecane 12 26 ) tens pmol level, released...