P. Sarrazin
A5103135271- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Mineral Processing and Grinding
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Conservation Techniques and Studies
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Building materials and conservation
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
2013-2024
Ames Research Center
1996-2021
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
1996-2021
Honeybee Robotics (United States)
2021
University of Arizona
2021
Johnson Space Center
2021
Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence
2021
Aix-Marseille Université
2021
Jacobs (United States)
2021
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2019
Sedimentary rocks at Yellowknife Bay (Gale crater) on Mars include mudstone sampled by the Curiosity rover. The samples, John Klein and Cumberland, contain detrital basaltic minerals, calcium sulfates, iron oxide or hydroxides, sulfides, amorphous material, trioctahedral smectites. smectite has basal spacing of ~10 angstroms, indicating little interlayer hydration. Cumberland both ~13.2 angstroms. larger suggests a partially chloritized magnesium facilitating H2O retention. Basaltic minerals...
The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity scooped samples of soil from the Rocknest aeolian bedform in Gale crater. Analysis with Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) x-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument revealed plagioclase (~An57), forsteritic olivine (~Fo62), augite, pigeonite, minor K-feldspar, magnetite, quartz, anhydrite, hematite, ilmenite. phases are present at, or near, detection limits. also contains 27 ± 14 weight percent amorphous material, likely containing multiple Fe 3+ -...
The Rocknest aeolian deposit is similar to features analyzed by the Mars Exploration Rovers (MERs) Spirit and Opportunity. fraction of sand <150 micrometers in size contains ~55% crystalline material consistent with a basaltic heritage ~45% x-ray amorphous material. component iron-rich silicon-poor host volatiles (water, oxygen, sulfur dioxide, carbon chlorine) detected Sample Analysis at instrument fine-grained nanophase oxide first described from soils MERs. similarity between materials...
The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover has been traversing strata at the base of Aeolis Mons (informally known as Mount Sharp) since September 2014. Murray formation makes up lowest exposed Sharp group and is composed primarily finely laminated lacustrine mudstone intercalated with rare crossbedded sandstone that prodeltaic or fluvial in origin. We report on first three drilled samples from formation, measured Pahrump Hills section. Rietveld refinements FULLPAT full pattern fitting...
A principal goal of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity is to identify and characterize past habitable environments on Mars. Determination mineralogical chemical composition Martian rocks soils constrains their formation alteration pathways, providing information climate habitability through time. The CheMin X-ray diffraction (XRD) fluorescence (XRF) instrument MSL will return accurate identifications quantitative phase abundances for scooped soil samples drilled rock powders...
Abstract The Mars Science Laboratory rover, Curiosity, is using a comprehensive scientific payload to explore rocks and soils in Gale crater, Mars. Recent investigations of the Bagnold Dune Field provided first situ assessment an active dune on Chemistry Mineralogy (CheMin) X‐ray diffraction instrument Curiosity performed quantitative mineralogical analyses <150 μm size fraction Namib at location called Gobabeb. Gobabeb dominated by basaltic minerals. Plagioclase, Fo56 olivine, two...
Crystal chemical algorithms were used to estimate the composition of selected mineral phases observed with CheMin X-ray diffractometer onboard NASA Curiosity rover in Gale crater, Mars. The sampled materials include two wind-blown soils, Rocknest and Gobabeb, six mudstones Yellowknife Bay formation (John Klein Cumberland) Murray (Confidence Hills, Mojave2, Telegraph Peak), as well five sandstones, Windjana samples unaltered Stimson (Big Sky Okoruso) altered (Greenhorn Lubango). major...
Abstract For the first time on Mars, crystalline magnesium‐sulfate mineral starkeyite (MgSO 4 ‧4H 2 O) was definitively identified using CheMin X‐ray diffraction instrument at Gale crater. At Canaima drill site, along with amorphous MgSO ‧ n H O are among “polyhydrated Mg‐sulfates” interpreted in orbital reflectance spectra. Mg‐sulfates good climate indicators as they very responsive to changes temperature and relative humidity. We hypothesize that, through evaporation, formed end of brine...
Abstract Curiosity investigated active eolian sands near linear dunes during Phase 2 of the Bagnold Dunes campaign in Gale crater, Mars. Ogunquit Beach, a sample scooped from large‐ripple trough within Mount Desert Island ripple field and delivered to Chemistry Mineralogy (CheMin) X‐ray diffraction instrument, is dominated by basaltic igneous minerals amorphous materials. CheMin mineralogy Gobabeb acquired at crest on Namib barchan dune 1 similar Beach. however, contains more plagioclase...
The
For more than a decade, the CheMin X-ray diffraction instrument on Mars Science Laboratory rover, Curiosity, has been returning definitive and quantitative mineralogical mineral–chemistry data from ~3.5-billion-year-old (Ga) sediments in Gale crater, Mars. To date, 40 drilled rock samples three scooped soil have analyzed during rover’s 30+ km transit. These document mineralogy of over 800 m flat-lying fluvial, lacustrine, aeolian sedimentary rocks that comprise lower strata central mound...
Mathematical relationships between unit-cell parameters and chemical composition were developed for selected mineral phases observed with the CheMin X-ray diffractometer onboard Curiosity rover in Gale crater. This study presents algorithms estimating of based solely on diffraction data. The systems include plagioclase, alkali feldspar, Mg-Fe-Ca C2/c clinopyroxene, P21/c orthopyroxene, Mg-Fe olivine, magnetite, other spinel oxides, alunite-jarosite. These methods assume compositions Na-Ca...
Pachacamac is the name of 15th-16th century Inca sanctuary on Peruvian coast as well one principal oracles divinities. This effigy would have been destroyed by Pizarro in 1533 during his visit to great monumental complex, and such originality antiquity wooden statue—the so-called Idol—have subject much controversy debate. We present here previously unpublished dates that confirm its manufacture Middle Horizon (AD 500–1000), evidence original polychromy. Traces colors were observed different...
This study presents mineral composition estimates of rock and sediment samples analyzed with the CheMin X-ray diffraction instrument on board NASA Mars Science Laboratory rover, Curiosity, in Gale crater, Mars. Mineral is estimated using crystal-chemically derived algorithms applied to data, specifically unit-cell parameters. The groups characterized include those found major abundance by (i.e., feldspar, olivine, pyroxene, spinel oxide). In addition estimating phases observed we place their...
The growth of carbon nanofibres (CNF) by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) and the integration CNFs into devices are studied using high throughput methodology. A compatibility chip containing candidate metal contact underlayers transition catalyst layers used to explore activity from various pairings these two layers. In addition, density microarray chips (CDMCs) where each consists patterns with feature sizes densities were investigate CNF integration. CDMCs efficiently...
Abstract Recently reported results from latest Mars Orbiters and Rovers missions are transforming our opinion about the red planet. That dry inhospitable planet in past is becoming a wetter with high probabilities of water existence past. Nowadays, some seem to indicate presence beneath surface. But also mineralogy studies by NASA Opportunity Rover report iron oxides hydroxides precipitates on Endurance Crater. Sedimentary deposits have been identified at Meridiani Planum. These must...
Liquid water is essential to life as we know it on Earth; therefore, the search for Mars a critical component of life. Olivine, mineral identified present Mars, has been proposed an indicator duration and characteristics because dissolves quickly, particularly under low-pH conditions. The olivine persistence relative glass conditions aqueous alteration reflects pH temperature reacting fluids. In this paper, investigate utility 3 methodologies detect silicate weathering in analog environment...
Abstract We describe the field demonstration of astrobiology instruments and research methods conducted in from Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) Utah during EuroGeoMars campaign 2009 coordinated by ILEWG, ESA/ESTEC NASA Ames, with contribution academic partners. discuss entire experimental approach determining geological context using remote sensing, situ measurements, sorties sample collection characterization, analysis laboratory, to post advanced laboratory facilities. present...
We report a tip sharpening process for multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) scanning probes and demonstrate its application in high lateral resolution imaging. The of the is an in-situ employing atomic force microscope. method involves current-induced oxidation ambient atmosphere by locally stripping away outer layers at very MWCNT. This requires applied voltage 2−3 V range, which lower than that required shortening nanotube. Direct microscopic data reveal sharpened tips with radius curvature...
CheMin is a miniature X-ray diffraction/X-ray fluorescence instrument that included in the payload of Mars 2009 Science Laboratory mission. A portable prototype was built to test capability for remote situ mineralogical characterization geological materials. The successfully deployed at variety analog sites Death Valley, CA, May 2004.