Plasmodium knowlesi is increasingly recognized as a cause of human malaria in Southeast Asia but there are no detailed prospective clinical studies naturally acquired infections.In systematic study the presentation and course patients with acute P. infection, laboratory data were collected from previously untreated, nonpregnant adults admitted to hospital polymerase chain reaction-confirmed at Kapit Hospital (Sarawak, Malaysia) July 2006 through February 2008.Of 152 recruited, 107 (70%) had...

Plasmodium knowlesi, a malaria parasite originally thought to be restricted macaques in Southeast Asia, has recently been recognized as significant cause of human malaria. Unlike the benign and morphologically similar P. malariae, these parasites can lead fatal infections. Malaria parasites, including have not yet detected Kapit Division Malaysian Borneo, where majority knowlesi cases reported. In order extend our understanding epidemiology evolutionary history we examined 108 wild for...

Zoonotic malaria caused by Plasmodium knowlesi is an important, but newly recognized, human pathogen. For the first time, post-mortem findings from a fatal case of are reported here. A formerly healthy 40 year-old male became symptomatic 10 days after spending time in jungle North Borneo. Four later, he presented to hospital state collapse and died within two hours. He was hyponatraemic had elevated blood urea, potassium, lactate dehydrogenase amino transferase values; also thrombocytopenic...

Abstract Plasmodium knowlesi is typically found in nature macaques and has recently been recognized as the fifth species of causing malaria human populations south-east Asia. A case described a Swedish man, who became ill after returning from short visit to Malaysian Borneo October 2006. His P. infection was not detected using rapid diagnostic test for malaria, but confirmed by PCR molecular characterization. He responded rapidly treatment with mefloquine. Evaluation kits further samples...

As Indonesia works toward the goal of malaria elimination, information is lacking on epidemiology from some western provinces. a basis for studies antimalarial efficacy, we set out to survey parasite carriage in 3 communities North Sumatera Province.A combination active and passive detection infection was carried among Batubara, Langkat, South Nias regencies. Finger-prick blood samples consenting individuals all ages provided films microscopic examination spots filter paper. Plasmodium...

We detected the simian malaria parasites Plasmodium knowlesi, P. cynomolgi, inui, coatneyi, inui-like, and simiovale among forest fringe-living indigenous communities from various locations in Malaysia. Our findings underscore importance of using molecular tools to identify newly emergent humans.

Abstract Background Malaria is a serious public health concern worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis essential for controlling the disease’s spread avoiding severe complications. Manual examination of blood smear samples by skilled technicians time-consuming aspect conventional malaria toolbox. persists in many parts world, emphasising urgent need sophisticated automated diagnostic instruments to expedite identification infected cells, thereby facilitating timely treatment reducing risk...

Human malaria parasite species were originally acquired from other primate hosts and subsequently became endemic, then spread throughout large parts of the world. A major zoonosis is now occurring with Plasmodium knowlesi macaques in Southeast Asia, a recent acceleration numbers reported cases particularly Malaysia. To investigate population genetics, we developed sensitive species-specific microsatellite genotyping protocols applied these to analysis samples 10 sites covering range >1,600...

Two cases of Plasmodium knowlesi infection in humans were identified Cambodia by 3 molecular detection assays and sequencing. This finding confirms the widespread distribution P. malaria Southeast Asia. Further wide-scale studies are required to assess public health relevance this zoonotic parasite.

Significance Genome sequence analysis reveals that the zoonotic malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi consists of three highly divergent subpopulations. Two, commonly seen in sympatric human clinical infections Malaysian Borneo, were identified a previous study as corresponding to parasites long-tailed and pig-tailed macaque hosts, respectively. A third type has been detected few laboratory-maintained isolates originally derived 1960s elsewhere Southeast Asia. Divergence between...

To monitor the incidence of Plasmodium knowlesi infections and determine whether other simian malaria parasites are being transmitted to humans, we examined 1,047 blood samples from patients with at Kapit Hospital in Kapit, Malaysia, during June 24, 2013-December 31, 2017. Using nested PCR assays, found 845 (80.6%) had either P. monoinfection (n = 815) or co-infection species 30). We noted annual number these zoonotic increased greatly 2017 284). identified 6 patients, 17-65 years age,...

Introduction The incidence of malaria in Indonesia has declined significantly over the last few decades. Thus, a demand for more sensitive techniques to describe low levels transmission country is important. This study was conducted evaluate antibody response Plasmodium falciparum and vivax an area nearing elimination North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Methods A cross-sectional survey Langkat district, June 2019. Basic demographic data filter paper blood spots were collected from 339...

Emerging pathogens undermine initiatives to control the global health impact of infectious diseases. Zoonotic malaria is no exception. Plasmodium knowlesi, a parasite Southeast Asian macaques, has entered human population. P. like falciparum, can reach high parasitaemia in infections, and World Health Organization guidelines for severe list hyperparasitaemia among measures both infections. Not all patients with knowlesi infections develop hyperparasitaemia, it important determine why....

Abstract Background Plasmodium knowlesi is a significant cause of human malaria in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Only one study has been previously undertaken Sarawak to identify vectors P. , where Anopheles latens was incriminated as the vector Kapit, central Sarawak. A therefore different location Methods Mosquitoes found landing on humans and resting leaves over 5-day period at two sites Lawas District northern were collected identified. DNA samples extracted from salivary glands mosquitoes...

Abstract Multilocus microsatellite genotyping of Plasmodium knowlesi isolates previously indicated 2 divergent parasite subpopulations in humans on the island Borneo, each associated with a different macaque reservoir host species. Geographic divergence was also apparent, and independent sequence data have particularly deep between parasites from mainland Southeast Asia Borneo. To resolve overall population structure, multilocus conducted new sample 182 P. infections (obtained 134 48 wild...

Abstract Background Malaysia is on track towards malaria elimination. However, several cases of still occur in the country. Contributing factors and communal aspects have noteworthy effects any elimination activities. Thus, assessing community’s knowledge, attitudes practices (KAP) essential. This study was performed to evaluate KAP regarding among indigenous people (i.e. Orang Asli) Peninsular Malaysia. Methods A household-based cross-sectional conducted five remote villages (clusters) Asli...

Plasmodium cynomolgi is a malaria parasite that typically infects Asian macaque monkeys, and humans on rare occasions. P. serves as model system for the human vivax, with which it shares such important biological characteristics formation of dormant liver stage preference to invade reticulocytes. While genomes three strains have been sequenced, genetic diversity has not widely investigated. To address this we developed first panel microsatellite markers genotype eleven laboratory 18 field...

Abstract Plasmodium knowlesi is a significant cause of human malaria transmitted as zoonosis from macaque reservoir hosts in South‐East Asia. Microsatellite genotyping has indicated that infections Malaysian Borneo are an admixture two highly divergent sympatric parasite subpopulations are, respectively, associated with long‐tailed macaques (Cluster 1) and pig‐tailed 2). Whole‐genome sequences clinical isolates subsequently confirmed the separate clusters, although fewer less common Cluster...

Abstract Population genetic analysis revealed that Plasmodium knowlesi infections in Malaysian Borneo are caused by 2 divergent parasites associated with long-tailed (cluster 1) and pig-tailed 2) macaques. Because the transmission ecology is likely to differ for each macaque species, we developed a simple genotyping PCR efficiently distinguish between survey parasite subpopulations. This assay confirmed differences relative proportions areas of Kapit division Sarawak state, consistent...

Most malaria in Malaysia is caused by Plasmodium knowlesi parasites through zoonotic infection from macaque reservoir hosts. We obtained genome sequences 28 clinical infections Peninsular to clarify the emerging parasite population structure and test for evidence of recent adaptation. The all belonged a major genetic P. (cluster 3) with high genomewide divergence populations occurring Borneo (clusters 1 2). also observed unexpected local subdivision; most 2 subpopulations sharing level...

Human infections with Plasmodium knowlesi, a malaria parasite of Macaca fascicularis and nemestrina (long-tailed pig-tailed macaques respectively), occur throughout Southeast Asia, especially Malaysian Borneo. Other naturally-acquired human parasites from in Asia are P. cynomolgi, inui-like, coatneyi simiovale. In Sarawak, Borneo, M. only the Kapit Division have been examined previously for parasites. order to determine distribution knowlesi other zoonotic parasites, 73 macaque blood samples...

Malaria remains a public health problem in many parts of the world. In Malaysia, significant progress towards national elimination programme and effective disease notification on malaria has resulted zero indigenous human cases since 2018. However, country still needs to determine extent exposure transmission patterns, particularly high-risk populations. this study, serological method was used measure levels Plasmodium falciparum vivax among Orang Asli communities Kelantan, Peninsular...

Abstract After orangutans in Indonesia were reported as infected with Plasmodium cynomolgi and P. vivax, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences spp. We found that these are not hosts vivax. Analysis >1 genes is needed to identify infecting orangutans.