David J. Conway
A5114376722- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Complement system in diseases
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Reproductive tract infections research
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2016-2025
University of London
2016-2025
University of Oxford
2023
Centre for Human Genetics
2023
MRC Unit the Gambia
2011-2022
Arena Pharmaceuticals (United States)
2021-2022
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
2015-2021
National Health Service
2020
US Biologic (United States)
2017-2019
Public Health England
2018
Until recently, Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in humans was misdiagnosed as malariae malaria. The objectives of the present study were to determine geographic distribution P. human population Malaysia and investigate 4 suspected fatal cases.Sensitive specific nested polymerase chain reaction used identify all species (1) blood samples obtained from 960 patients with who hospitalized Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, during 2001-2006; (2) 54 archival films 15 districts Sabah, Borneo (during...
Individuals living in areas where malaria is endemic are repeatedly exposed to many different parasite antigens. Studies on naturally acquired antibody-mediated immunity clinical have largely focused the presence of responses individual antigens and their associations with decreased morbidity. We hypothesized that breadth (number important targets which antibodies were made) magnitude (antibody level measured a random serum sample) antibody response predictors protection from malaria....
Plasmodium knowlesi, a malaria parasite originally thought to be restricted macaques in Southeast Asia, has recently been recognized as significant cause of human malaria. Unlike the benign and morphologically similar P. malariae, these parasites can lead fatal infections. Malaria parasites, including have not yet detected Kapit Division Malaysian Borneo, where majority knowlesi cases reported. In order extend our understanding epidemiology evolutionary history we examined 108 wild for...
During blood-stage infection by Plasmodium falciparum, merozoites invade RBCs. Currently there is limited knowledge of cellular and molecular invasion events, no established assays are available to readily measure quantify invasion-inhibitory antibodies or compounds for vaccine drug studies. We report the isolation viable that retain their invasive capacity, at high purity yield, purified filtration highly synchronous populations schizonts. show half-life merozoite capacity after rupture 5...
Antibodies play major roles in immunity to malaria; however, a limited understanding of mechanisms mediating protection is barrier vaccine development. We have demonstrated that acquired human anti-malarial antibodies promote complement deposition on the merozoite mediate inhibition erythrocyte invasion through C1q fixation and activation classical pathway. Antibody-mediated complement-dependent (Ab-C′) was predominant invasion-inhibitory activity antibodies; most were non-inhibitory without...
The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum invades human red blood cells by a series of interactions between host and surface proteins. By analyzing genome sequence data from populations, including 1269 individuals sub-Saharan Africa, we identify diverse array large copy-number variants affecting the invasion receptor genes GYPA GYPB We find that nearby association with severe is explained complex structural rearrangement involving loss gain two GYPB-A hybrid genes, which encode...
Abstract The human genetic factors that affect resistance to infectious disease are poorly understood. Here we report a genome-wide association study in 17,000 severe malaria cases and population controls from 11 countries, informed by sequencing of family trios direct typing candidate loci an additional 15,000 samples. We identify five replicable associations with levels evidence including newly implicated variant on chromosome 6. Jointly, these variants account for around one-tenth the...
MalariaGEN is a data-sharing network that enables groups around the world to work together on genomic epidemiology of malaria. Here we describe new release curated genome variation data 7,000 Plasmodium falciparum samples from partner studies in 28 malaria-endemic countries. High-quality genotype calls 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short indels were produced using standardised analysis pipeline. Copy number variants associated with drug resistance structural cause...
<ns3:p>We describe the MalariaGEN Pf7 data resource, seventh release of <ns3:italic>Plasmodium falciparum</ns3:italic> genome variation from network. It comprises over 20,000 samples 82 partner studies in 33 countries, including several malaria endemic regions that were previously underrepresented. For first time we include dried blood spot sequenced after selective whole amplification, necessitating new methods to genotype copy number variations. We identify a large newly emerging...
Abstract Malaria parasites break down host haemoglobin into peptides and amino acids in the digestive vacuole for export to parasite cytoplasm growth: interrupting this process is central mode of action several antimalarial drugs. Mutations chloroquine (CQ) resistance transporter, pfcrt , located membrane, confer CQ Plasmodium falciparum typically also affect fitness. However, role other loci evolution unclear. Here we use a combination population genomics, genetic crosses gene editing...
Malaria parasites are sexually reproducing protozoa, although the extent of effective meiotic recombination in natural populations has been debated. If occurs frequently, compared with point mutation and mitotic rearrangement, linkage disequilibrium between polymorphic sites is expected to decline increasing distance along a chromosome. The rate this should be proportional population. Multiple covering 5-kb region chromosome 9 (the msp1 gene) have typed 547 isolates from six Africa test for...
Abstract The surface-accessible ectodomain region of the Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) is a malaria vaccine candidate. amino acid sequence may be under selection from naturally acquired immune responses, and previous analyses with small number allele sequences indicate non-neutral pattern nucleotide variation. To investigate whether there to maintain polymorphism within population, identify parts strongest selection, sample 51 alleles single endemic population was...
Failure to establish an appropriate balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses is believed contribute pathogenesis of severe malaria. To determine whether this maintained by classical regulatory T cells (CD4+ FOXP3+ CD127−/low; Tregs) we compared cellular Gambian children (n = 124) with Plasmodium falciparum malaria or uncomplicated infections. Although no significant differences in Treg numbers function were observed the groups, activity during acute disease was inversely...
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may play a central role in the disease pathogenesis which occurs as consequence of chlamydial infection. To investigate importance TNF-alpha gene promoter polymorphisms and levels tear fluid scarring trachoma, large matched-pair case-control study was performed The Gambia. -308A allele present higher proportion patients (28.4%) than controls (18.4%), with an increasing association for homozygotes (chi2 trend, P = 0.032; frequency, 0.163 0.099 controls;...
Data suggest that antibody responses to malaria parasites merozoite antigens are generally short-lived and this has implications for serological studies vaccine designs. However, precise data on the kinetics of these is lacking.IgG1 IgG3 five recombinant Plasmodium falciparum (MSP-119, MSP-2 type A B, AMA-1 ectodomain EBA-175 region II) among Kenyan children were monitored using ELISA 12 weeks after an acute episode their half-lives estimated exponential decay model.The peaked mainly at week...