A5085791542- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Livestock and Poultry Management
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Silkworms and Sericulture Research
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Flavonoids in Medical Research
University of Nairobi
2017-2025
Centre for Human Genetics
2023
University of Oxford
2023
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
2020
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2012-2016
University of London
2012-2016
MRC Unit the Gambia
2012-2015
International Livestock Research Institute
2008-2010
MalariaGEN is a data-sharing network that enables groups around the world to work together on genomic epidemiology of malaria. Here we describe new release curated genome variation data 7,000 Plasmodium falciparum samples from partner studies in 28 malaria-endemic countries. High-quality genotype calls 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short indels were produced using standardised analysis pipeline. Copy number variants associated with drug resistance structural cause...
Locally varying selection on pathogens may be due to differences in drug pressure, host immunity, transmission opportunities between hosts, or the intensity of between-genotype competition within hosts. Highly recombining populations human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum throughout West Africa are closely related, as gene flow is relatively unrestricted this endemic region, but markedly ecology and should cause distinct local selective pressures. Genome-wide analysis sequence...
Abstract Background Malaria parasite population genetic structure varies among areas of differing endemicity, but this has not been systematically studied across Plasmodium falciparum populations in Africa where most infections occur. Methods Ten polymorphic P. microsatellite loci were genotyped 268 from eight locations four West African countries (Republic Guinea, Guinea Bissau, The Gambia and Senegal), spanning a highly endemic forested region the south to low Sahelian north. Analysis was...
Abstract A possible malaria control approach involves the dissemination in mosquitoes of inherited symbiotic microbes to block Plasmodium transmission. However, Anopheles gambiae complex, primary African vectors malaria, there are limited reports symbionts that impair We show a vertically transmitted microsporidian symbiont ( Microsporidia MB ) An. complex can is present at moderate prevalence geographically dispersed populations arabiensis Kenya, localized mosquito midgut and ovaries, not...
European chickens were introduced into the American continents by Spanish after their arrival in 15th century. However, there is ongoing debate as to presence of pre-Columbian among Amerindians South America, particularly relation Chilean breeds such Araucana and Passion Fowl. To understand origin these populations, we have generated partial mitochondrial DNA control region sequences from 41 native specimens compared them with a previously database ≈1,000 domestic chicken across world well...
A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2016 to January 2017 in Rubavu and Nyabihu districts, Western Rwanda, aiming at estimating the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) identifying its causative bacteria. Management practices milking procedures were recorded through a questionnaire. 123 crossbreed cows 13 dairy farms randomly selected screened for SCM using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Composite CMT positive milk samples processed bacterial isolation identification. The...
<ns3:p>MalariaGEN is a data-sharing network that enables groups around the world to work together on genomic epidemiology of malaria. Here we describe new release curated genome variation data 7,000 <ns3:italic>Plasmodium falciparum</ns3:italic> samples from MalariaGEN partner studies in 28 malaria-endemic countries. High-quality genotype calls 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short indels were produced using standardised analysis pipeline. Copy number variants associated...
Abstract Multiplicity of infection (MOI) and genetic diversity P. falciparum infections are important surrogate indicators for assessing malaria transmission intensity in different regions endemicity. Determination MOI among asymptomatic carriers will enhance our understanding parasite biology to mosquito vectors. This study examined the populations circulating Mbita, a region characterized as one hotspots Kenya. The multiplicity 95 school children (age 5–15 yrs.) residing western Kenya were...
Multivalent binding allows high selectivity and affinity in a ligand-protein interaction. The N-end rule pathway is ubiquitin (Ub)-dependent proteolytic system which specific E3s, called N-recognins, mediate ubiquitylation through the recognition of types 1 2, destabilizing N-terminal residues substrates. We recently identified set E3 Ub ligases (named UBR1-UBR7) containing 70-residue UBR box, we demonstrated that UBR1, UBR2, UBR4, UBR5 can bind to residues. To explore model heterovalent...
We report the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) characterization of 77 indigenous chickens (fighting and meat birds) from Madagascar, using sequences first hypervariable segment D-loop. Comparison with reference samples African continent Asia revealed two mtDNA haplogroups, suggesting a dual geographic genetic origin for Malagasy chickens. The most common haplogroup was present in 65 individuals types; it is likely Indonesian origin. second observed 12 fighting birds chickens; could be continental...
We conducted a retrospective study to explore molecular insights into human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) group B strains among patients attending outpatient clinics at government medical facilities both prior and during the onset of Influenza A/H1N1/2009 pandemic outbreak. screened 2300 nasopharyngeal swabs using multiplex real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. amplified segment first second hypervariable regions, as well conserved portion third domain G-gene HRSV-B...
Background: Recent initiatives have promoted the application of genomic data to determine trends and patterns malaria transmission impact interventions. This study aimed evaluate identify most effective genetic metrics for monitoring diversity Plasmodium falciparum its correlation with intensities in Mainland Tanzania. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between February July 2021 100 health facilities from 10 regions Tanzania, categorized into four strata: high (two regions),...
4 Abstract: Genetic diversity studies that utilize phenotypic and genetic information are informative when formulating breeding conservation plans. The present study utilizes sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop region 232 village chickens from Southern Northern Nigeria to determine the origin Nigerian local chickens. Thirty-six polymorphic sites which generate 35 haplotypes identified. Phylogenetic analyses group a single clade 97.8% total maternal variation occurs within...
In regions where malaria is endemic, individuals are often infected with multiple distinct parasite genotypes, a situation that may impact on evolution of virulence and drug resistance. Most approaches to studying genotypic diversity have involved analysis modest number polymorphic loci, although whole genome sequencing enables broader characterisation samples.PCR-based microsatellite typing panel ten loci was performed Plasmodium falciparum in 95 clinical isolates from highly endemic area...
Life-threatening medical issues can result from snakebite, and hence this is a public health concern. In many tropical subtropical nations such as Kenya, where wide variety of poisonous snakes are prevalent, diagnosis snakebite in facilities imperative. Different antivenoms needed to treat the venom different snake species. Nonetheless, it might be difficult for professionals identify exact species that envenomated patient due similarities several envenomations' clinical symptoms. Therefore,...
In their letter, Storey et al. (1) concede that there is no direct genetic support for Polynesian–South American contact. However, they claim linguistic, archaeological, and ethnohistoric evidence supports Polynesia as the most likely source of El Arenal-1 chickens. We disagree on two grounds. First, such indirect conjectural, documents eastward expansion to South America, says nothing about prehistoric availability particular mtDNA haplotypes. Second, our central point was analyses all...
Abstract Background Multiplicity of infection (MOI) is an important measure Plasmodium falciparum diversity, usually derived from the highly polymorphic genes, such as msp1 , msp2 and glurp well microsatellites. Conventional methods deriving MOI lack fine resolution needed to discriminate minor clones. This study used amplicon sequencing (AmpliSeq) P. ( Pfmsp1) spatial temporal genetic diversity . Methods 264 positive blood samples collected areas differing malaria endemicities between 2010...
Influenza viruses evolve rapidly and cause regular seasonal epidemics in humans challenging effective vaccination. The virus surface HA glycoprotein is the primary target for host immune response. Here, we investigated vaccine efficacy evolution patterns of human influenza A/H3N2 that circulated Kenyan period before after 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic, targeting HA1 domain.A hundred fifteen sequences were analyzed relative to corresponding WHO reference strains using bioinformatics approaches.Our...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold><ns4:italic> </ns4:italic>Asymptomatic <ns4:italic>Plasmodium falciparum </ns4:italic>gametocyte carriers are reservoirs for sustaining transmission in malaria endemic regions. Gametocyte presence the host peripheral blood is a predictor of capacity to transmit malaria. However, it does not always directly translate mosquito infectivity. Factors that affect infectivity include, gametocyte sex-ratio and density, multiplicity infection (MOI), vector...
<ns7:p><ns7:bold>Background:</ns7:bold> Malaria is a major public health threat in sub-Saharan Africa. Asymptomatic <ns7:italic>Plasmodium falciparum </ns7:italic>gametocyte carriers are potential infectious reservoirs for sustaining transmission many malaria endemic regions. The aim of the study was to assess prevalence gametocyte carriage and some its associated risk factors among asymptomatic schoolchildren Western Kenya further analyse association between density, multiplicity infection...